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2 U.S.C. § 907d — Special reconciliation process
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 281
TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS
§ 907d
ment, any amendment to an amendment, or any
debatable motion or appeal is debatable for not
to exceed 30 minutes to be equally divided be-
tween, and controlled by, the mover and the ma-
jority leader (or their designees), except that in
the event that the majority leader favors the
amendment, motion, or appeal, the minority
leader (or the minority leader’s designee) shall
control the time in opposition to the amend-
ment, motion, or appeal.
(2) In the Senate, an amendment that is other-
wise in order shall be in order notwithstanding
the fact that it amends the joint resolution in
more than one place or amends language pre-
viously amended, so long as the amendment
makes or maintains mathematical consistency.
It shall not be in order in the Senate to vote on
the question of agreeing to such a joint resolu-
tion or any amendment thereto unless the fig-
ures then contained in such joint resolution or
amendment are mathematically consistent.
(3) It shall not be in order in the Senate to
consider any amendment to any joint resolution
introduced under subsection (d) or any con-
ference report thereon if such amendment or
conference report would have the effect of de-
creasing any specific budget outlay reductions
below the level of such outlay reductions pro-
vided in such joint resolution unless such
amendment or conference report makes a reduc-
tion in other specific budget outlays at least
equivalent to any increase in outlays provided
by such amendment or conference report.
(4) For purposes of the application of para-
graph (3), the level of outlays and specific budg-
et outlay reductions provided in an amendment
shall be determined on the basis of estimates
made by the Committee on the Budget of the
Senate.
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Page 281
TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS
§ 907d
ment, any amendment to an amendment, or any
debatable motion or appeal is debatable for not
to exceed 30 minutes to be equally divided be-
tween, and controlled by, the mover and the ma-
jority leader (or their designees), except that in
the event that the majority leader favors the
amendment, motion, or appeal, the minority
leader (or the minority leader’s designee) shall
control the time in opposition to the amend-
ment, motion, or appeal.
(2) In the Senate, an amendment that is other-
wise in order shall be in order notwithstanding
the fact that it amends the joint resolution in
more than one place or amends language pre-
viously amended, so long as the amendment
makes or maintains mathematical consistency.
It shall not be in order in the Senate to vote on
the question of agreeing to such a joint resolu-
tion or any amendment thereto unless the fig-
ures then contained in such joint resolution or
amendment are mathematically consistent.
(3) It shall not be in order in the Senate to
consider any amendment to any joint resolution
introduced under subsection (d) or any con-
ference report thereon if such amendment or
conference report would have the effect of de-
creasing any specific budget outlay reductions
below the level of such outlay reductions pro-
vided in such joint resolution unless such
amendment or conference report makes a reduc-
tion in other specific budget outlays at least
equivalent to any increase in outlays provided
by such amendment or conference report.
(4) For purposes of the application of para-
graph (3), the level of outlays and specific budg-
et outlay reductions provided in an amendment
shall be determined on the basis of estimates
made by the Committee on the Budget of the
Senate.
(i) Vote on final passage of joint resolution
Immediately following the conclusion of the
debate on a joint resolution introduced under
subsection (d), a single quorum call at the con-
clusion of the debate if requested in accordance
with the rules of the Senate, and the disposition
of any pending amendments under subsection
(h), the vote on final passage of the joint resolu-
tion shall occur.
(j) Appeal from decision of Chair
Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relat-
ing to the application of the rules of the Senate
to the procedure relating to a joint resolution
described in subsection (d) shall be decided with-
out debate.
(k) Conference reports
In the Senate, points of order under titles III
and IV of the Congressional Budget Act of 1974
[2 U.S.C. 631 et seq., 651 et seq.] (including points
of order under sections 302(c), 303(a), 306, and
401(b)(1) [2 U.S.C. 633(c), 634(a), 637, 651(b)(1)]) are
applicable to a conference report on the joint
resolution or any amendments in disagreement
thereto.
(l) Resolution from other House
If, before the passage by the Senate of a joint
resolution of the Senate introduced under sub-
section (d), the Senate receives from the House
of Representatives a joint resolution introduced
under subsection (d), then the following proce-
dures shall apply:
(1) The joint resolution of the House of Rep-
resentatives shall not be referred to a com-
mittee.
(2) With respect to a joint resolution intro-
duced under subsection (d) in the Senate—
(A) the procedure in the Senate shall be
the same as if no joint resolution had been
received from the House; but
(B)(i) the vote on final passage shall be on
the joint resolution of the House if it is iden-
tical to the joint resolution then pending for
passage in the Senate; or
(ii) if the joint resolution from the House
is not identical to the joint resolution then
pending for passage in the Senate and the
Senate then passes the Senate joint resolu-
tion, the Senate shall be considered to have
passed the House joint resolution as amend-
ed by the text of the Senate joint resolution.
(3) Upon disposition of the joint resolution
received from the House, it shall no longer be
in order to consider the joint resolution origi-
nated in the Senate.
(m) Senate action on House resolution
If the Senate receives from the House of Rep-
resentatives a joint resolution introduced under
subsection (d) after the Senate has disposed of a
Senate originated joint resolution which is iden-
tical to the House passed joint resolution, the
action of the Senate with regard to the disposi-
tion of the Senate originated joint resolution
shall be deemed to be the action of the Senate
with regard to the House originated joint resolu-
tion. If it is not identical to the House passed
joint resolution, then the Senate shall be con-
sidered to have passed the joint resolution of the
House as amended by the text of the Senate
joint resolution.
(Pub. L. 99–177, title II, § 258B, as added Pub. L.
101–508, title XIII, § 13101(g), Nov. 5, 1990, 104
Stat. 1388–597.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Section 258B, referred to in subsec. (e)(1), (2), means
section 258B of Pub. L. 99–177, which is classified to this
section.
The Congressional Budget Act of 1974, referred to in
subsec. (k), is titles I to IX of Pub. L. 93–344, July 12,
1974, 88 Stat. 297. Titles III and IV of the Act are classi-
fied generally to subchapters I (§ 631 et seq.) and II (§ 651
et seq.) of chapter 17A of this title. For complete classi-
fication of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note
set out under section 621 of this title and Tables.
§ 907d. Special reconciliation process
(a) Reporting of resolutions and reconciliation
bills and resolutions, in Senate
(1) Committee alternatives to Presidential
order
After the submission of an OMB sequestra-
tion update report under section 904 of this
title that envisions a sequestration under sec-
tion 902 or 903 of this title, each standing com-
mittee of the Senate may, not later than Octo-
ber 10, submit to the Committee on the Budget
of the Senate information of the type de-
Page 282
TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS
§ 908
scribed in section 632(d) of this title with re-
spect to alternatives to the order envisioned
by such report insofar as such order affects
laws within the jurisdiction of the committee.
(2) Initial Budget Committee action
After the submission of such a report, the
Committee on the Budget of the Senate may,
not later than October 15, report to the Senate
a resolution. The resolution may affirm the
impact of the order envisioned by such report,
in whole or in part. To the extent that any
part is not affirmed, the resolution shall state
which parts are not affirmed and shall contain
instructions to committees of the Senate of
the type referred to in section 641(a) of this
title, sufficient to achieve at least the total
level of deficit reduction contained in those
sections which are not affirmed.
(3) Response of committees
Committees instructed pursuant to para-
graph (2), or affected thereby, shall submit
their responses to the Budget Committee no
later than 10 days after the resolution referred
to in paragraph (2) is agreed to, except that if
only one such Committee is so instructed such
Committee shall, by the same date, report to
the Senate a reconciliation bill or reconcili-
ation resolution containing its recommenda-
tions in response to such instructions. A com-
mittee shall be considered to have complied
with all instructions to it pursuant to a reso-
lution adopted under paragraph (2) if it has
made recommendations with respect to mat-
ters within its jurisdiction which would result
in a reduction in the deficit at least equal to
the total reduction directed by such instruc-
tions.
(4) Budget Committee action
Upon receipt of the recommendations re-
ceived in response to a resolution referred to
in paragraph (2), the Budget Committee shall
report to the Senate a reconciliation bill or
reconciliation resolution, or both, carrying
out all such recommendations without any
substantive revisions. In the event that a com-
mittee instructed in a resolution referred to in
paragraph (2) fails to submit any recommenda-
tion (or, when only one committee is in-
structed, fails to report a reconciliation bill or
resolution) in response to such instructions,
the Budget Committee shall include in the
reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution
reported pursuant to this subparagraph legis-
lative language within the jurisdiction of the
noncomplying
committee
to
achieve
the
amount of deficit reduction directed in such
instructions.
(5) Point of order
It shall not be in order in the Senate to con-
sider any reconciliation bill or reconciliation
resolution reported under paragraph (4) with
respect to a fiscal year, any amendment there-
to, or any conference report thereon if—
(A) the enactment of such bill or resolu-
tion as reported;
(B) the adoption and enactment of such
amendment; or
(C) the enactment of such bill or resolu-
tion in the form recommended in such con-
ference report,
would cause the amount of the deficit for such
fiscal year to exceed the maximum deficit
amount for such fiscal year, unless the low-
growth report submitted under section 904 of
this title projects negative real economic
growth for such fiscal year, or for each of any
two consecutive quarters during such fiscal
year.
(6) Treatment of certain amendments
In the Senate, an amendment which adds to
a resolution reported under paragraph (2) an
instruction of the type referred to in such
paragraph shall be in order during the consid-
eration of such resolution if such amendment
would be in order but for the fact that it would
be held to be non-germane on the basis that
the instruction constitutes new matter.
(7) ‘‘Day’’ defined
For purposes of paragraphs (1), (2), and (3),
the term ‘‘day’’ shall mean any calendar day
on which the Senate is in session.
(b) Procedures
(1) In general
Except as provided in paragraph (2), in the
Senate the provisions of sections 636 and 641 of
this title for the consideration of concurrent
resolutions on the budget and conference re-
ports thereon shall also apply to the consider-
ation of resolutions, and reconciliation bills
and reconciliation resolutions reported under
this paragraph and conference reports thereon.
(2) Limit on debate
Debate in the Senate on any resolution re-
ported pursuant to subsection (a)(2), and all
amendments thereto and debatable motions
and appeals in connection therewith, shall be
limited to 10 hours.
(3) Limitation on amendments
Section 641(d)(2) of this title shall apply to
reconciliation bills and reconciliation resolu-
tions reported under this subsection.
(4) Bills and resolutions received from the
House
Any bill or resolution received in the Senate
from the House, which is a companion to a
reconciliation bill or reconciliation resolution
of the Senate for the purposes of this sub-
section, shall be considered in the Senate pur-
suant to the provisions of this subsection.
(5) ‘‘Resolution’’ defined
For purposes of this subsection, the term
‘‘resolution’’ means a simple, joint, or concur-
rent resolution.
(Pub. L. 99–177, title II, § 258C, as added Pub. L.
101–508, title XIII, § 13101(g), Nov. 5, 1990, 104
Stat. 1388–600.)
§ 908. Repealed. Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10210,
Aug. 5, 1997, 111 Stat. 711
Section, Pub. L. 99–177, title II, § 258, as added Pub. L.
100–119, title I, § 105(a), Sept. 29, 1987, 101 Stat. 778, re-
lated to modification of Presidential order.
§ 909. Repealed. Pub. L. 101–508, title XIII,
§ 13212, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–621
Section, Pub. L. 100–119, title II, § 202, Sept. 29, 1987,
101 Stat. 784, prohibited counting as savings transfer of
Government actions from one year to another.
Cross-references
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress declares that it is essential—
(1) to assure effective congressional control over the budgetary process;
(2) to provide for the congressional determination each year of the appropriate level of Federal revenues and expenditures;
(3) to provide a system of impoundment control;
(4) to establish national budget priorities; and
(5) to provide for the furnishing of information by the executive branch in a manner that will assist the Congress in discharging its duties.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 2 U.S.C. § 631
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 176
TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS
§ 623
provisions set out as notes under sections 190a–1, 621,
632, and 682 of this title, section 105 of Title 1, and sec-
tion 1020 of former Title 31. For complete classification
of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out
under section 621 of this title and Tables.
CODIFICATION
Section was formerly classified to section 1302 of
Title 31 prior to the general revision and enactment of
Title 31, Money and Finance, by Pub. L. 97–258, § 1, Sept.
13, 1982, 96 Stat. 877.
AMENDMENTS
2011—Par. (11). Pub. L. 112–25 added par. (11).
1997—Par. (9). Pub. L. 105–33 amended par. (9) gen-
erally. Prior to amendment, par. (9) read as follows:
‘‘The term ‘entitlement authority’ means spending au-
thority described by section 651(c)(2)(C) of this title.’’
1990—Par. (2). Pub. L. 101–508, § 13211(a), amended par.
(2) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (2) read as fol-
lows: ‘‘The term ‘budget authority’ means authority
provided by law to enter into obligations which will re-
sult in immediate or future outlays involving Govern-
ment funds or to collect offsetting receipts., except
that such term does not include authority to insure or
guarantee the repayment of indebtedness incurred by
another person or government. The term includes the
cost for direct loan and loan guarantee programs, as
those terms are defined by subchapter III of this chap-
ter’’.
Pub. L. 101–508, § 13201(b)(1), inserted at end: ‘‘The
term includes the cost for direct loan and loan guar-
antee programs, as those terms are defined by sub-
chapter III of this chapter’’.
Pars. (6) to (8). Pub. L. 101–508, § 13112(a)(2), added
pars. (6) to (8) and struck out former par. (6) which de-
fined ‘‘deficit’’ and contained provisions relating to cal-
culation of the
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 2 U.S.C. § 631
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Committees on the Budget of the House of Representatives and the Senate shall study on a continuing basis proposals designed to improve and facilitate methods of congressional budgetmaking. The proposals to be studied shall include, but are not limited to, proposals for—
(1) improving the information base required for determining the effectiveness of new programs by such means as pilot testing, survey research, and other experimental and analytical techniques;
(2) improving analytical and systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of existing programs;
(3) establishing maximum and minimum time limitations for program authorization; and
(4) developing techniques of human resource accounting and other means of providing noneconomic as well as economic evaluation measures.
**(b)** The Committee on the Budget of each House shall, from time to time, report to its House the results of the study carried on by it under subsection (a), together with its recommendations.
**(c)** Nothing in this section shall preclude studies to improve the budgetary process by any other committee of the House of Representatives or the Senate or any joint committee of the Congress.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 2 U.S.C. § 633
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 183
TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS
§ 633
such provision changes the income tax treatment of
OASDI benefits.’’
BALANCED FEDERAL BUDGETS; CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET
COMMITTEE
REPORTS
BY
APRIL
15, 1979, 1980, AND
1981, OF BALANCED FISCAL YEAR BUDGETS
FOR 1981
AND 1982
Pub. L. 96–5, § 5, Apr. 2, 1979, 93 Stat. 8, which provided
that Congress shall balance the Federal budget, that
the Budget Committees were to report, by April 15,
1979, a fiscal year budget for 1981 that would be in bal-
ance, and also a fiscal year budget for 1982 that would
be in balance, and by April 15, 1980, a fiscal year budget
for 1981 that would be in balance, and by April 15, 1981,
a fiscal year budget for 1982 that would be in balance,
and that the Budget Committees were to show the con-
sequences of each budget on each budget function and
on the economy, setting forth the effects on revenues,
spending, employment, inflation, and national secu-
rity, was repealed by Pub. L. 97–258, § 5(b), Sept. 13, 1982,
96 Stat. 1068.
APPLICATION OF CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET PROCESS TO
FISCAL YEAR BEGINNING JULY 1, 1975
Pub. L. 93–344, title IX, § 906, July 12, 1974, 88 Stat. 332,
provided for application of provisions of this sub-
chapter and sections 602(f), 651, and 652 of this title with
respect to the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1975, to the
extent agreed to by the Committees on the Budget of
the House of Representatives and the Senate, prior to
repeal by Pub. L. 105–33, title X, § 10120(a), Aug. 5, 1997,
111 Stat. 696.
§ 633. Committee allocations
(a) Committee spending allocations
(1) Allocation among committees
The joint explanatory statement accom-
panying a conference report on a concurrent
resolution on the budget shall include an allo-
cation, consistent with the resolution rec-
ommended
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 2 U.S.C. § 633
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Reporting of resolutions and reconciliation bills and resolutions, in Senate**
(1) **Committee alternatives to Presidential order** — After the submission of an OMB sequestration update report under [section 904 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section904&num=0&edition=prelim) that envisions a sequestration under section 902 or 903 of this title, each standing committee of the Senate may, not later than October 10, submit to the Committee on the Budget of the Senate information of the type described in [section 632(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section632/d&num=0&edition=prelim) with respect to alternatives to the order envisioned by such report insofar as such order affects laws within the jurisdiction of the committee.
(2) **Initial Budget Committee action** — After the submission of such a report, the Committee on the Budget of the Senate may, not later than October 15, report to the Senate a resolution. The resolution may affirm the impact of the order envisioned by such report, in whole or in part. To the extent that any part is not affirmed, the resolution shall state which parts are not affirmed and shall contain instructions to committees of the Senate of the type referred to in [section 641(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section641/a&num=0&edition=prelim), sufficient to achieve at least the total level of deficit reduction contained in those sections which are not affirmed.
(3) **Response of committees** — Committees instructed pursuant to paragraph (2), or affected thereby, shall submit their responses to the Budget Committee no later than 10 days after the resolution referred to in paragraph
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 2 U.S.C. § 907d
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