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51 U.S.C. § 71302 — Information sharing to avoid physical or radio-frequency interference
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Administrator shall, in consultation with other agencies of the Federal Government as the Administrator considers appropriate, initiate discussions with the appropriate representatives of spacefaring nations to determine an appropriate frame-work under which information intended to promote safe access into outer space, operations in outer space, and return from outer space to Earth free from physical or radio-frequency interference can be shared among the nations.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-51/section-71302-information-sharing-to-avoid-physical-or-radio-frequency-interference--3db90773a4.md
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Source location: Title 51, Chapter 713, § 71302; chapter-713-cooperation-for-safety-among-spacefaring-nations.md
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The Administrator shall, in consultation with other agencies of the Federal Government as the Administrator considers appropriate, initiate discussions with the appropriate representatives of spacefaring nations to determine an appropriate frame-work under which information intended to promote safe access into outer space, operations in outer space, and return from outer space to Earth free from physical or radio-frequency interference can be shared among the nations.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority.—**
(1) Except as provided by paragraph (2), the Secretary of Defense may provide space situational awareness services and information to, and may obtain space situational awareness data and information from, non-United States Government entities in accordance with this section. Any such action may be taken only if the Secretary determines that such action is consistent with the national security interests of the United States.
(2) Beginning January 1, 2024, the Secretary may provide space situational awareness services and information to, and may obtain space situational awareness data and information from, non-United States Government entities under paragraph (1) only to the extent that the Secretary determines such actions are necessary to meet the national security interests of the United States.
**(b) Eligible Entities.—** The Secretary may provide services and information under subsection (a) to, and may obtain data and information under subsection (a) from, any non-United States Government entity, including any of the following:
(1) A State.
(2) A political subdivision of a State.
(3) A United States commercial entity.
(4) The government of a foreign country.
(5) A foreign commercial entity.
**(c) Agreement.—** The Secretary may not provide space situational awareness services and information under subsection (a) to a non-United States Government entity unless that entity enters into an agreement with the Secretary under which the entity—
(1) agrees to pay an amount that may be charged by the Secretary under subsection (d);
(2) agrees not to transfer any data or technical information received under the agreement, including the analysis of data, to any other entity without the express approval of the Secretary; and
(3) agrees to any oth
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2274
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section, Pub. L. 110–422, title XI, § 1102, Oct. 15, 2008, 122 Stat. 4808, which related to initiation of discussions on development of framework for space traffic management, was repealed in part and transferred in part. Subsec. (b) was repealed and reenacted as [section 71302 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section71302&num=0&edition=prelim), National and Commercial Space Programs, by Pub. L. 111–314, §§ 3, 6, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3328, 3444, which Act enacted Title 51. Subsec. (a), which provided congressional finding of need for space traffic management, was transferred and is set out as a note under [section 71302 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section71302&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 17822 to 17824
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Devotion of Space Activities to Peaceful Purposes for Benefit of All Humankind.—** Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States that activities in space should be devoted to peaceful purposes for the benefit of all humankind.
**(b) Aeronautical and Space Activities for Welfare and Security of United States.—** Congress declares that the general welfare and security of the United States require that adequate provision be made for aeronautical and space activities. Congress further declares that such activities shall be the responsibility of, and shall be directed by, a civilian agency exercising control over aeronautical and space activities sponsored by the United States, except that activities peculiar to or primarily associated with the development of weapons systems, military operations, or the defense of the United States (including the research and development necessary to make effective provision for the defense of the United States) shall be the responsibility of, and shall be directed by, the Department of Defense; and that determination as to which agency has responsibility for and direction of any such activity shall be made by the President.
**(c) Commercial Use of Space.—** Congress declares that the general welfare of the United States requires that the Administration seek and encourage, to the maximum extent possible, the fullest commercial use of space.
**(d) Objectives of Aeronautical and Space Activities.—** The aeronautical and space activities of the United States shall be conducted so as to contribute materially to one or more of the following objectives:
(1) The expansion of human knowledge of the Earth and of phenomena in the atmosphere and space.
(2) The improvement of the usefulness, performance, speed, safety, and effi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 51 U.S.C. § 20102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 184
TITLE 51—NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS
§ 71102
1 So in original. The comma probably should be preceded by
‘‘to’’.
a comprehensive program in order to be ready to
eliminate and mitigate the serious and credible
threats to humankind posed by potentially hazardous
near-Earth asteroids and comets.
‘‘(7) As a first step to eliminate and to mitigate the
risk of such collisions, situation and decision anal-
ysis processes, as well as procedures and system re-
sources, must be in place well before a collision
threat becomes known.’’
§ 71102. Requests for information
The Administrator shall issue requests for in-
formation on—
(1) a low-cost space mission with the purpose
of rendezvousing with, attaching a tracking
device,1 and characterizing the Apophis aster-
oid; and
(2) a medium-sized space mission with the
purpose of detecting near-Earth objects equal
to or greater than 140 meters in diameter.
(Pub. L. 111–314, § 3, Dec. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 3439.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Revised
Section
Source (U.S. Code)
Source (Statutes at Large)
71102 ..........
42 U.S.C. 17793.
Pub. L. 110–422, title VIII,
§ 803, Oct. 15, 2008, 122
Stat. 4803.
§ 71103. Developing policy and recommending re-
sponsible Federal agency
Within 2 years after October 15, 2008, the Di-
rector of the Office of Science and Technology
Policy shall—
(1) develop a policy for notifying Federal
agencies and relevant emergency response in-
stitutions of an impending near-Earth object
threat, if near-term public safety is at risk;
and
(2) recommend a Federal agency or agencies
to be responsible for—
(A) protecting the United States from a
near-Earth object that is expected to collide
with Earth; and
(B) implementing a deflection campaign,
in consultation with int
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 51 U.S.C. § 71302
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