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7 U.S.C. § 5679 — Biotechnology and agricultural trade program

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 5679 — Biotechnology and agricultural trade program

**(a) Establishment** There is established in the Department the biotechnology and agricultural trade program. **(b) Purpose** The purpose of the program shall be to remove, resolve, or mitigate significant regulatory nontariff barriers to the export of United States agricultural commodities (as defined in [section 5602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5602&num=0&edition=prelim)) into foreign markets through public and private sector projects funded by grants that address— (1) quick response intervention regarding nontariff barriers to United States exports involving— (A) United States agricultural commodities produced through biotechnology or new agricultural production technologies; (B) food safety; (C) disease; or (D) other sanitary or phytosanitary concerns; or (2) developing protocols as part of bilateral negotiations with other countries on issues such as animal health, grain quality, and genetically modified commodities. **(c) Eligible programs** Depending on need, as determined by the Secretary, activities authorized under this section may be carried out through— (1) this section; (2) the emerging markets program under section 1542 11 See References in Text note below. and [section 5623(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5623/d&num=0&edition=prelim); or (3) the Cochran Fellowship Program under [section 3293 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3293&num=0&edition=prelim). **(d) Funding** There is authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023.

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-7/section-5679-biotechnology-and-agricultural-trade-program--1d2c4e284a.md
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Source location: Title 7, Chapter 87, § 5679; chapter-087-export-promotion.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 5622 — Export credit guarantee program

**(a) Short-term credit guarantees** The Commodity Credit Corporation may guarantee the repayment of credit made available to finance commercial export sales of agricultural commodities, including processed agricultural products and high-value agricultural products, from privately owned stocks on credit terms that do not exceed a 24-month period. **(b) Purpose of program** The Commodity Credit Corporation may use export credit guarantees authorized under this section— (1) to increase exports of agricultural commodities; (2) to compete against foreign agricultural exports; (3) to assist countries in meeting their food and fiber needs, particularly— (A) developing countries; and (B) countries that are emerging markets that have committed to carry out, or are carrying out, policies that promote economic freedom, private domestic production of food commodities for domestic consumption, and the creation and expansion of efficient domestic markets for the purchase and sale of agricultural commodities; and (4) for such other purposes as the Secretary determines appropriate. **(c) Restrictions on use of credit guarantees** Export credit guarantees authorized by this section shall not be used for foreign aid, foreign policy, or debt rescheduling purposes. The provisions of the cargo preference laws shall not apply to export sales with respect to which credit is guaranteed under this section. **(d) Restrictions** The Commodity Credit Corporation shall not make credit guarantees available in connection with sales of agricultural commodities to any obligor that the Secretary determines cannot adequately service the debt associated with such sale. **(e) Terms** Export credit guarantees issued pursuant to this section shall contain such terms and conditions as the Commo

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 5602 — Definitions

As used in this chapter— (1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” means any agricultural commodity, food, feed, fiber, or livestock (including livestock as it is defined in [section 1471(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1471/2&num=0&edition=prelim) and insects), and any product thereof. (2) **Developing country** — The term “developing country” means a country that— (A) has a shortage of foreign exchange earnings and has difficulty accessing sufficient commercial credit to meet all of its food needs, as determined by the Secretary; and (B) has the potential to become a commercial market for agricultural commodities. (3) **Secretary** — The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Agriculture. (4) **Service** — The term “Service” means the Foreign Agricultural Service of the Department of Agriculture. (5) **Unfair trade practice** (A) *In general* — Subject to subparagraph (B), the term “unfair trade practice” means any act, policy, or practice of a foreign country that— (i) violates, or is inconsistent with, the provisions of, or otherwise denies benefits to the United States under, any trade agreement to which the United States is a party; (ii) in the case of a monopolistic state trading enterprise engaged in the export sale of an agricultural commodity, implements a pricing practice that is inconsistent with sound commercial practice; (iii) provides a subsidy that— (I) decreases market opportunities for United States exports; or (II) unfairly distorts an agricultural market to the detriment of United States exporters; (iv) imposes an unfair technical barrier to trade, including— (I) a trade restriction or commercial requirement (s

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 3293 — Agricultural fellowship program for middle income countries, emerging democracies, and emerging markets

**(a) Establishment** The Secretary of Agriculture shall establish a fellowship program for,11 So in original. The word “for” probably should not appear. to be known as the “Cochran Fellowship Program”, to provide fellowships to individuals from eligible countries (as determined under subsection (b)) who specialize in agriculture for study— (1) in the United States; or (2) at a college or university located in an eligible country that the Secretary determines— (A) has sufficient scientific and technical facilities; (B) has established a partnership with at least one college or university in the United States; and (C) has substantial participation by faculty members of the United States college or university in the design of the fellowship curriculum and classroom instruction under the fellowship. **(b) Eligible countries** Countries described in any of the following paragraphs shall be eligible to participate in the program established under this section: (1) **Middle-income country** — A country that has developed economically to the point where it no longer qualifies for bilateral foreign aid assistance from the United States because its per capita income level exceeds the eligibility requirements of such assistance programs (hereafter referred to in this section as a “middle-income” country). (2) **Ongoing relationship** — A middle-income country that has never qualified for bilateral foreign aid assistance from the United States, but with respect to which an ongoing relationship with the United States, including technical assistance and training, would provide mutual benefits to such country and the United States. (3) **Type of government** — A country that has recently begun the transformation of its system of government from a non-representative typ

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 5679 — Biotechnology and agricultural trade pro-

Page 1776 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 5679 1 See References in Text note below. § 5679. Biotechnology and agricultural trade pro- gram (a) Establishment There is established in the Department the biotechnology and agricultural trade program. (b) Purpose The purpose of the program shall be to re- move, resolve, or mitigate significant regu- latory nontariff barriers to the export of United States agricultural commodities (as defined in section 5602 of this title) into foreign markets through public and private sector projects fund- ed by grants that address— (1) quick response intervention regarding nontariff barriers to United States exports in- volving— (A) United States agricultural commod- ities produced through biotechnology or new agricultural production technologies; (B) food safety; (C) disease; or (D) other sanitary or phytosanitary con- cerns; or (2) developing protocols as part of bilateral negotiations with other countries on issues such as animal health, grain quality, and ge- netically modified commodities. (c) Eligible programs Depending on need, as determined by the Sec- retary, activities authorized under this section may be carried out through— (1) this section; (2) the emerging markets program under sec- tion 1542 1 and section 5623(d) of this title; or (3) the Cochran Fellowship Program under section 3293 of this title. (d) Funding There is authorized to be appropriated $2,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2019 through 2023. (Pub. L. 101–624, title XV, § 1543A, as added Pub. L. 107–171, title III, § 3204, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 300; amended Pub. L. 115–334, title III, §§ 3201(b)(3)(C), 3301, Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4617.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Section 1542, referred to in subsec. (c)(2), is section 1

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