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16 U.S.C. § 1174 — Penalties
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any person who knowingly violates any provision of this chapter or of any permit or regulation issued thereunder shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $20,000 for such violation, or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.
**(b)** Any person who violates any provision of this chapter or any regulation or permit issued hereunder may be assessed a civil penalty by the Secretary of not more than $10,000 for each such violation. No penalty shall be assessed unless such person is given notice and opportunity for a hearing with respect to such violation. Hearings held during proceedings for the assessment of civil penalties authorized by this subsection shall be conducted in accordance with [section 554 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section554&num=0&edition=prelim). The Secretary may issue subpoenas for the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of relevant papers, books, and documents, and administer oaths. Witnesses summoned shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid to witnesses in the courts of the United States. In case of contumacy or refusal to obey a subpoena served upon any person pursuant to this paragraph, the district court of the United States for any district in which such person is found or resides or transacts business, upon application by the United States and after notice to such person, shall have jurisdiction to issue an order requiring such person to appear and give testimony before the Secretary or to appear and produce documents before the Secretary, or both, and any failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by such court as a contempt thereof. Any civil penalty assessed may be remitted or mitigated by the Secretary for good cause shown.
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 24, § 1174; chapter-024-conservation-and-protection-of-north-pacific-fur-seals.md
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**(a)** Any person who knowingly violates any provision of this chapter or of any permit or regulation issued thereunder shall, upon conviction, be fined not more than $20,000 for such violation, or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both.
**(b)** Any person who violates any provision of this chapter or any regulation or permit issued hereunder may be assessed a civil penalty by the Secretary of not more than $10,000 for each such violation. No penalty shall be assessed unless such person is given notice and opportunity for a hearing with respect to such violation. Hearings held during proceedings for the assessment of civil penalties authorized by this subsection shall be conducted in accordance with [section 554 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section554&num=0&edition=prelim). The Secretary may issue subpoenas for the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of relevant papers, books, and documents, and administer oaths. Witnesses summoned shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid to witnesses in the courts of the United States. In case of contumacy or refusal to obey a subpoena served upon any person pursuant to this paragraph, the district court of the United States for any district in which such person is found or resides or transacts business, upon application by the United States and after notice to such person, shall have jurisdiction to issue an order requiring such person to appear and give testimony before the Secretary or to appear and produce documents before the Secretary, or both, and any failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by such court as a contempt thereof. Any civil penalty assessed may be remitted or mitigated by the Secretary for good cause shown. Upon any failure to pay a penalty assessed under this subsection, the Secretary may request the Attorney General to institute civil action in a district court of the United States for any district in which such person is found, resides, or transacts business to collect the penalty, and such court shall have jurisdiction to hear and decide any such action.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** This section applies, according to the provisions thereof, in every case of adjudication required by statute to be determined on the record after opportunity for an agency hearing, except to the extent that there is involved—
(1) a matter subject to a subsequent trial of the law and the facts de novo in a court;
(2) the selection or tenure of an employee, except a 11 So in original. administrative law judge appointed under [section 3105 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3105&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) proceedings in which decisions rest solely on inspections, tests, or elections;
(4) the conduct of military or foreign affairs functions;
(5) cases in which an agency is acting as an agent for a court; or
(6) the certification of worker representatives.
**(b)** Persons entitled to notice of an agency hearing shall be timely informed of—
(1) the time, place, and nature of the hearing;
(2) the legal authority and jurisdiction under which the hearing is to be held; and
(3) the matters of fact and law asserted.
When private persons are the moving parties, other parties to the proceeding shall give prompt notice of issues controverted in fact or law; and in other instances agencies may by rule require responsive pleading. In fixing the time and place for hearings, due regard shall be had for the convenience and necessity of the parties or their representatives.
**(c)** The agency shall give all interested parties opportunity for—
(1) the submission and consideration of facts, arguments, offers of settlement, or proposals of adjustment when time, the nature of the proceeding, and the public interest permit; and
(2) to the extent that the parties are unable so to determine a controversy by consent, heari
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 554
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Sections were omitted in the general revision of this chapter by Pub. L. 98–129, § 2, Oct. 14, 1983, 97 Stat. 835.
Section 1181, Pub. L. 89–702, title IV, § 401, Nov. 2, 1966, 80 Stat. 1097, related to seizure and forfeiture of vessels. See [section 1171 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1171&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1182, Pub. L. 89–702, title IV, § 402, Nov. 2, 1966, 80 Stat. 1097; Pub. L. 90–578, title IV, § 402(b)(2), Oct. 17, 1968, 82 Stat. 1118; 1970 Reorg. Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090; 1978 Reorg. Plan No. 2 of 1978, § 102, eff. Jan. 1, 1979, 43 F.R. 36037, 92 Stat. 3784, set out additional enforcement provisions. See [section 1172 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1172&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1183, Pub. L. 89–702, title IV, § 403, Nov. 2, 1966, 80 Stat. 1098; 1970 Reorg. Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090, authorized the Secretary of Commerce to issue regulations. See [section 1173 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1173&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1184, Pub. L. 89–702, title IV, § 404, Nov. 2, 1966, 80 Stat. 1098, set out penalties for violations. See [section 1174 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1174&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1185, Pub. L. 89–702, title IV, § 405, Nov. 2, 1966, 80 Stat. 1098; 1970 Reorg. Plan No. 4, eff. Oct. 3, 1970, 35 F.R. 15627, 84 Stat. 2090, related to contracts or agreements for research. See [section 1155(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1181 to 1187
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1647
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§§ 1181 to 1187
Stat. 844; Pub. L. 101–650, title III, § 321, Dec. 1,
1990, 104 Stat. 5117.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
1983—Pub. L. 98–129 amended section generally, sub-
stituting provisions, which were contained in section
1182 of this title, relating to practice and procedure in
connection with the enforcement of this chapter for
provisions which had authorized the sale by the Sec-
retary of sea otter skins that had been forfeited to or
seized by the United States.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
CHANGE OF NAME
‘‘United States magistrate judges’’ substituted for
‘‘United States magistrates’’ in subsec. (b) pursuant to
section 321 of Pub. L. 101–650, set out as a note under
section 631 of Title 28, Judiciary and Judicial Proce-
dure.
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
For transfer of authorities, functions, personnel, and
assets of the Coast Guard, including the authorities
and functions of the Secretary of Transportation relat-
ing thereto, to the Department of Homeland Security,
and for treatment of related references, see sections
468(b), 551(d), 552(d), and 557 of Title 6, Domestic Secu-
rity, and the Department of Homeland Security Reor-
ganization Plan of November 25, 2002, as modified, set
out as a note under section 542 of Title 6.
§ 1173. Regulations
The Secretary is authorized to prescribe such
regulations as he deems necessary and appro-
priate to carry out the provisions of this sub-
chapter.
(Pub. L. 89–702, title III, § 303, as added Pub. L.
98–129, § 2, Oct. 14, 1983, 97 Stat. 845.)
Editorial Notes
PRIOR PROVISIONS
Provisions similar to this section were contained in
section 1183 of this title, prior to the complete revision
of this chapter by Pub. L. 98–129.
§ 1174. Penalties
(a) Any person who
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 1174
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