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42 U.S.C. § 11901 — Congressional findings
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds that—
(1) the Federal Government has a duty to provide public and other federally assisted low-income housing that is decent, safe, and free from illegal drugs;
(2) public and other federally assisted low-income housing in many areas suffers from rampant drug-related or violent crime;
(3) drug dealers are increasingly imposing a reign of terror on public and other federally assisted low-income housing tenants;
(4) the increase in drug-related and violent crime not only leads to murders, muggings, and other forms of violence against tenants, but also to a deterioration of the physical environment that requires substantial government expenditures;
(5) local law enforcement authorities often lack the resources to deal with the drug problem in public and other federally assisted low-income housing, particularly in light of the recent reductions in Federal aid to cities;
(6) the Federal Government should provide support for effective safety and security measures to combat drug-related and violent crime, primarily in and around public housing projects with severe crime problems;
(7) closer cooperation should be encouraged between public and assisted housing managers, local law enforcement agencies, and residents in developing and implementing anti-crime programs; and
(8) anti-crime strategies should be improved through the expansion of community-oriented policing initiatives.
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 124, § 11901; chapter-124-public-housing-drug-elimination.md
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The Congress finds that—
(1) the Federal Government has a duty to provide public and other federally assisted low-income housing that is decent, safe, and free from illegal drugs;
(2) public and other federally assisted low-income housing in many areas suffers from rampant drug-related or violent crime;
(3) drug dealers are increasingly imposing a reign of terror on public and other federally assisted low-income housing tenants;
(4) the increase in drug-related and violent crime not only leads to murders, muggings, and other forms of violence against tenants, but also to a deterioration of the physical environment that requires substantial government expenditures;
(5) local law enforcement authorities often lack the resources to deal with the drug problem in public and other federally assisted low-income housing, particularly in light of the recent reductions in Federal aid to cities;
(6) the Federal Government should provide support for effective safety and security measures to combat drug-related and violent crime, primarily in and around public housing projects with severe crime problems;
(7) closer cooperation should be encouraged between public and assisted housing managers, local law enforcement agencies, and residents in developing and implementing anti-crime programs; and
(8) anti-crime strategies should be improved through the expansion of community-oriented policing initiatives.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 101–625, title V, § 520, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 4202; Pub. L. 102–389, title II, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1587; Pub. L. 102–550, title I, § 126(b), Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 3710; Pub. L. 103–227, title X, §§ 1052, 1053, Mar. 31, 1994, 108 Stat. 274, 280; Pub. L. 104–330, title V, § 501(d)(2), Oct. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 4043, authorized grants for public and assisted housing youth sports programs.
#### Effective Date of Repeal
Repeal effective and applicable beginning upon Oct. 1, 1999, except as otherwise provided, with provision that Secretary may implement repeal before such date, and with savings provision, see section 503 of Pub. L. 105–276, set out as an Effective Date of 1998 Amendment note under [section 1437 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1437&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 11903a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Sections 1401 to 1404 were omitted in the general revision of the United States Housing Act of 1937 by Pub. L. 93–383, title II, § 201(a), Aug. 22, 1974, 88 Stat. 653.
Section 1401, acts Sept. 1, 1937, ch. 896, § 1, 50 Stat. 888; July 15, 1949, 338, title III, § 307(a), 63 Stat. 429; Sept. 23, 1959, Pub. L. 86–372, title V, § 501, 73 Stat. 679; Aug. 1, 1968, Pub. L. 90–448, title II, § 206(a), 82 Stat. 504; Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–609, title II, § 211, 84 Stat. 1779, set out declaration of policy. See [section 1437 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1437&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1402, acts, Sept. 1, 1937, ch. 896, § 2, 50 Stat. 888; July 15, 1949, ch. 338, title III, §§ 302(b), 304(c), (i), 306, 307(b), 63 Stat. 424, 425, 429; Oct. 26, 1951, ch. 577, § 1, 65 Stat. 647; June 30, 1953, 170, § 24(c), 67 Stat. 128; Aug. 7, 1956, ch. 1029, title IV, § 404(a), 70 Stat. 1104; July 12, 1957, Pub. L. 85–104, title III, § 307, title IV, § 401(a), 71 Stat. 301; Sept. 23, 1959, Pub. L. 86–372, title V, §§ 502, 503(a), 504, 73 Stat. 680; June 30, 1961, Pub. L. 87–70, title II, § 202, 75 Stat. 163; Sept. 2, 1964, Pub. L. 88–560, title II, § 203(d), title IV, § 401(a), 78 Stat. 784, 794; Aug. 10, 1965, Pub. L. 89–117, title I, §§ 103(b), 104, 79 Stat. 457; Aug. 1, 1968, Pub. L. 90–448, title II, § 209(a), 82 Stat. 505; Dec. 24, 1969, Pub. L. 91–152, title II, § 213(a), title IV, § 403(a), 83 Stat. 389, 395; Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–609, title II, § 208(a), title IX, § 903(c), 84 Stat. 1778, 1808; Dec. 22, 1971, Pub. L. 92–213, § 9, 85 Stat. 776, defined applicable terms. See [section 1437a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 1437
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purpose of this chapter is to provide a framework for meeting the National Education Goals established by subchapter I of this chapter by—
(1) promoting coherent, nationwide, systemic education reform;
(2) improving the quality of learning and teaching in the classroom and in the workplace;
(3) defining appropriate and coherent Federal, State, and local roles and responsibilities for education reform and lifelong learning;
(4) establishing valid and reliable mechanisms for—
(A) building a broad national consensus on American education reform;
(B) assisting in the development and certification of high-quality, internationally competitive content and student performance standards; and
(C) assisting in the development and certification of high-quality assessment measures that reflect the internationally competitive content and student performance standards;
(5) supporting new initiatives at the Federal, State, local, and school levels to provide equal educational opportunity for all students to meet high academic and occupational skill standards and to succeed in the world of employment and civic participation;
(6) providing a framework for the reauthorization of all Federal education programs by—
(A) creating a vision of excellence and equity that will guide all Federal education and related programs;
(B) providing for the establishment of high-quality, internationally competitive content and student performance standards and strategies that all students will be expected to achieve;
(C) encouraging and enabling all State educational agencies and local educational agencies to develop comprehensive improvement plans that will provide a coherent framework for the implementation of reauthorized Federal education and related programs in an integrate
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 5811
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Subchapters I, II, III, and X** As used in subchapters I, II, III, and X of this chapter—
(1) the terms “all students” and “all children” mean students or children from a broad range of backgrounds and circumstances, including disadvantaged students and children, students or children with diverse racial, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds, American Indians, Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians, students or children with disabilities, students or children with limited-English proficiency, school-aged students or children who have dropped out of school, migratory students or children, and academically talented students and children;
(2) the term “Bureau”, unless otherwise provided, means the Bureau of Indian Affairs;
(3) the terms “community”, “public”, and “advocacy group” include representatives of organizations advocating for the education of American Indian, Alaska Native, and Native Hawaiian children and Indian tribes;
(4) the term “content standards” means broad descriptions of the knowledge and skills students should acquire in a particular subject area;
(5) the term “Governor” means the chief executive of the State;
(6) the terms “local educational agency” and “State educational agency” have the meaning given such terms in [section 8801 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section8801&num=0&edition=prelim); 11 See References in Text note below.
(7) the term “outlying areas” means Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Palau (until the effective date of the Compact of Free Association with the Government of Palau), the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and the Federated States of Micronesia;
(8) the term “performance standards” means concrete examples and exp
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 5812
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this part:
(1) **Children** — The term “children” means individuals who have not attained the age of 18.
(2) **Children’s services** — The term “children’s services” means the provision on a routine or regular basis of health, day care, education, or library services—
(A) that are funded, after March 31, 1994, directly by the Federal Government or through State or local governments, by Federal grant, loan, loan guarantee, or contract programs—
(i) administered by either the Secretary of Health and Human Services or the Secretary of Education (other than services provided and funded solely under titles XVIII and XIX of the Social Security Act [[42 U.S.C. 1395](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1395&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq., 1396 et seq.]); or
(ii) administered by the Secretary of Agriculture in the case of a clinic (as defined in 7 CFR 246.2) under section 17(b)(6) of the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 ([42 U.S.C. 1786(b)(6)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1786/b/6&num=0&edition=prelim)), or
(B) that are provided in indoor facilities that are constructed, operated, or maintained with such Federal funds, as determined by the appropriate Secretary in any enforcement action under this subchapter,
except that nothing in clause (ii) of subparagraph (A) is intended to include facilities (other than clinics) where coupons are redeemed under the Child Nutrition Act of 1966 [[42 U.S.C. 1771](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1771&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
(3) **Person** — The term “person” means any State or local subdivision thereof, agency of such State or subdivision, corporation, or partnership that owns or op
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 6084
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary shall audit and monitor the programs funded under this subchapter to ensure that assistance provided under this subchapter is administered in accordance with the provisions of this subchapter.
**(b) Prohibition of funding baseline services**
(1) **In general** — Amounts provided under this subchapter may not be used to reimburse or support any local law enforcement agency or unit of general local government for the provision of services that are included in the baseline of services required to be provided by any such entity pursuant to a local cooperation agreement under [section 1437c(e)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1437c/e/2&num=0&edition=prelim) or any provision of an annual contributions contract for payments in lieu of taxation pursuant to [section 1437d(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1437d/d&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Description** — Each public housing agency that receives grant amounts under this subchapter shall describe, in the report under [section 11906(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section11906/a&num=0&edition=prelim), such baseline of services for the unit of general local government in which the jurisdiction of the agency is located.
**(c) Enforcement** The Secretary shall provide for the effective enforcement of this section, which may include the use of on-site monitoring, independent public audit requirements, certification by local law enforcement or local government officials regarding the performance of baseline services referred to in subsection (b), and entering into agreements with the Attorney General to achieve compliance, a
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 11907
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 8224
TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE
§ 11901
(3) the term ‘‘controlled substance ana-
logue’’ has the meaning given it in section
802(32) of title 21,
(4) the term ‘‘drug’’ means—
(A) a beverage containing alcohol,
(B) a controlled substance, or
(C) a controlled substance analogue,
(5) the term ‘‘Director’’ means the Chief Ex-
ecutive Officer of the Corporation for National
and Community Service,
(6) the term ‘‘illicit’’ means unlawful or in-
jurious,
(7) the term ‘‘institution of higher edu-
cation’’ has the meaning given it in section
1001 of title 20,
(8) the term ‘‘public agency’’ has the mean-
ing given it in section 11103(11) of title 34,
(9) the term ‘‘Secretary’’ means—
(A) the Secretary of Education for pur-
poses of subtitle A (other than section 3201),
(B) the Secretary of Agriculture for pur-
poses of the amendments made by section
3201, and
(C) the Secretary of Health and Human
Services for purposes of subtitle B,
(10) the term ‘‘State’’ has the meaning given
it in section 11103(7) of title 34,
(11) the term ‘‘treatment’’ has the meaning
given it in section 11103(15) of title 34, and
(12) the term ‘‘unit of general local govern-
ment’’ has the meaning given it in section
11103(8) 1 of title 34.
(Pub. L. 100–690, title III, § 3601, Nov. 18, 1988, 102
Stat. 4260; Pub. L. 101–204, title X, § 1001(c)(2),
Dec. 7, 1989, 103 Stat. 1827; Pub. L. 103–82, title
IV, § 405(n), Sept. 21, 1993, 107 Stat. 922; Pub. L.
105–244, title I, § 102(a)(13)(J), Oct. 7, 1998, 112
Stat. 1621.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
This title, referred to in introductory provisions,
means title III of Pub. L. 100–690, Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat.
4244, which enacted this chapter and sections 3156–1,
3201, and 3227 of Title 20, Education, and amended
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 42 U.S.C. § 11901
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