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19 U.S.C. § 2119 — International safeguard procedures
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Harmonization, reduction, or elimination of barriers and distortions affecting international trade; use of temporary measures** A principal United States negotiating objective under [section 2112 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2112&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be to obtain internationally agreed upon rules and procedures, in the context of the harmonization, reduction, or elimination of barriers to, and other distortions of, international trade, which permit the use of temporary measures to ease adjustment to changes occurring in competitive conditions in the domestic markets of the parties to an agreement resulting from such negotiations due to the expansion of international trade.
**(b) Permissible provisions** Any agreement entered into under [section 2112 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2112&num=0&edition=prelim) may include provisions establishing procedures for—
(1) notification of affected exporting countries,
(2) international consultations,
(3) international review of changes in trade flows,
(4) making adjustments in trade flows as the result of such changes, and
(5) international mediation.
Such agreements may also include provisions which—
(A) exclude, under specified conditions, the parties thereto from compensation obligations and retaliation, and
(B) permit domestic public procedures through which interested parties have the right to participate.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_bc6a41afbf31941a72b46977
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-19/section-2119-international-safeguard-procedures--15701bcb6b.md
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Source location: Title 19, Chapter 12, § 2119; chapter-012-trade-act-of-1974.md
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**(a) Harmonization, reduction, or elimination of barriers and distortions affecting international trade; use of temporary measures** A principal United States negotiating objective under [section 2112 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2112&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be to obtain internationally agreed upon rules and procedures, in the context of the harmonization, reduction, or elimination of barriers to, and other distortions of, international trade, which permit the use of temporary measures to ease adjustment to changes occurring in competitive conditions in the domestic markets of the parties to an agreement resulting from such negotiations due to the expansion of international trade.
**(b) Permissible provisions** Any agreement entered into under [section 2112 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2112&num=0&edition=prelim) may include provisions establishing procedures for—
(1) notification of affected exporting countries,
(2) international consultations,
(3) international review of changes in trade flows,
(4) making adjustments in trade flows as the result of such changes, and
(5) international mediation.
Such agreements may also include provisions which—
(A) exclude, under specified conditions, the parties thereto from compensation obligations and retaliation, and
(B) permit domestic public procedures through which interested parties have the right to participate.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purposes of this chapter are, through trade agreements affording mutual benefits—
(1) to foster the economic growth of and full employment in the United States and to strengthen economic relations between the United States and foreign countries through open and nondiscriminatory world trade;
(2) to harmonize, reduce, and eliminate barriers to trade on a basis which assures substantially equivalent competitive opportunities for the commerce of the United States;
(3) to establish fairness and equity in international trading relations, including reform of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade;
(4) to provide adequate procedures to safeguard American industry and labor against unfair or injurious import competition, and to assist industries, firm,11 So in original. workers, and communities to adjust to changes in international trade flows;
(5) to open up market opportunities for United States commerce in nonmarket economies; and
(6) to provide fair and reasonable access to products of less developed countries in the United States market.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 2112
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1882, Pub. L. 87–794, title II, § 252, Oct. 11, 1962, 76 Stat. 879, provided for Presidential action in face of foreign import restrictions. See sections 2112 of this title.
Section 1883, Pub. L. 87–794, title II, § 253, Oct. 11, 1962, 76 Stat. 880, covered area of staging requirements. See [section 2119 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2119&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1884, Pub. L. 87–794, title II, § 254, Oct. 11, 1962, 76 Stat. 880, provided for rounding authority. See [section 2119 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2119&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 1882 to 1884
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Maximum aggregate reductions in rates of duty** Except as otherwise provided in this section, the aggregate reduction in the rate of duty on any article which is in effect on any day pursuant to a trade agreement under [section 2111 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2111&num=0&edition=prelim) shall not exceed the aggregate reduction which would have been in effect on such day if—
(1) a reduction of 3 percent ad valorem or a reduction of one-tenth of the total reduction, whichever is greater, had taken effect on the effective date of the first reduction proclaimed pursuant to [section 2111(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2111/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim) to carry out such agreement with respect to such article, and
(2) a reduction equal to the amount applicable under paragraph (1) had taken effect at 1-year intervals after the effective date of such first reduction.
This subsection shall not apply in any case where the total reduction in the rate of duty does not exceed 10 percent of the rate before the reduction.
**(b) Simplification of computation** If the President determines that such action will simplify the computation of the amount of duty imposed with respect to an article, he may exceed the limitation provided by [section 2111(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2111/b&num=0&edition=prelim) or subsection (a) of this section by not more than whichever of the following is lesser:
(1) the difference between the limitation and the next lower whole number, or
(2) one-half of 1 percent ad valorem.
**(c) Ten-year period for commencement of reductions in rates of duty**
(1) No reduct
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 19 U.S.C. § 2132
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Trade agreements** Whenever the President determines that any existing duties or other import restrictions of any foreign country or the United States are unduly burdening and restricting the foreign trade of the United States and that the purposes of this chapter will be promoted thereby, the President—
(1) may enter into trade agreements with foreign countries or instrumentalities thereof, and
(2) may proclaim such modification or continuance of any existing duty, such continuance of existing duty-free or excise treatment, or such additional duties, as he determines to be required or appropriate to carry out any such trade agreement.
**(b) Maximum volume of imported articles subject to reduction of duties or continuance of duty-free or excise treatment** Agreements entered into under this section in any 1-year period shall not provide for the reduction of duties, or the continuance of duty-free or excise treatment, for articles which account for more than 2 percent of the value of United States imports for the most recent 12-month period for which import statistics are available.
**(c) Maximum reduction in duties**
(1) No proclamation shall be made pursuant to subsection (a) decreasing any rate of duty to a rate which is less than 80 percent of the existing rate of duty.
(2) No proclamation shall be made pursuant to subsection (a) decreasing or increasing any rate of duty to a rate which is lower or higher than the corresponding rate which would have resulted if the maximum authority granted by [section 2111 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title19-section2111&num=0&edition=prelim) with respect to such article had been exercised.
(3) Where the rate of duty in effect at any time is an intermediate stage under [sec
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 514
TITLE 19—CUSTOMS DUTIES
§ 2116
§ 2116. Agreements with developing countries
A United States negotiating objective under
sections 2111 and 2112 of this title shall be to
enter into trade agreements which promote the
economic growth of both developing countries
and the United States and the mutual expansion
of market opportunities.
(Pub. L. 93–618, title I, § 106, Jan. 3, 1975, 88 Stat.
1985.)
§ 2117. International safeguard procedures
(a) Harmonization, reduction, or elimination of
barriers
and
distortions
affecting
inter-
national trade; use of temporary measures
A principal United States negotiating objec-
tive under section 2112 of this title shall be to
obtain internationally agreed upon rules and
procedures, in the context of the harmonization,
reduction, or elimination of barriers to, and
other distortions of, international trade, which
permit the use of temporary measures to ease
adjustment to changes occurring in competitive
conditions in the domestic markets of the par-
ties to an agreement resulting from such nego-
tiations due to the expansion of international
trade.
(b) Permissible provisions
Any agreement entered into under section 2112
of this title may include provisions establishing
procedures for—
(1) notification of affected exporting coun-
tries,
(2) international consultations,
(3) international review of changes in trade
flows,
(4) making adjustments in trade flows as the
result of such changes, and
(5) international mediation.
Such agreements may also include provisions
which—
(A) exclude, under specified conditions, the
parties thereto from compensation obligations
and retaliation, and
(B)
permit
domestic
public
procedures
through which interested parties have the
right to participate.
(Pub. L.
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 19 U.S.C. § 2119
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