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42 U.S.C. § 12511 — Findings and purpose
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** The Congress finds the following:
(1) Throughout the United States, there are pressing unmet human, educational, environmental, and public safety needs.
(2) Americans desire to affirm common responsibilities and shared values, and join together in positive experiences, that transcend race, religion, gender, age, disability, region, income, and education.
(3) The rising costs of postsecondary education are putting higher education out of reach for an increasing number of citizens.
(4) Americans of all ages can improve their communities and become better citizens through service to the United States.
(5) Nonprofit organizations, local governments, States, and the Federal Government are already supporting a wide variety of national service programs that deliver needed services in a cost-effective manner.
(6) Residents of low-income communities, especially youth and young adults, can be empowered through their service, and can help provide future community leadership.
**(b) Purpose** It is the purpose of this chapter to—
(1) meet the unmet human, educational, environmental, and public safety needs of the United States, without displacing existing workers;
(2) renew the ethic of civic responsibility and the spirit of community and service throughout the varied and diverse communities of the United States;
(3) expand educational opportunity by rewarding individuals who participate in national service with an increased ability to pursue higher education or job training;
(4) encourage citizens of the United States, regardless of age, income, geographic location, or disability, to engage in full-time or part-time national service;
(5) reinvent government to eliminate duplication, support locally established initiatives, require measurable goals for p
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12511
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-12511-findings-and-purpose--6220ade30a.md
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 129, § 12511; chapter-129-national-and-community-service.md
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**(a) Findings** The Congress finds the following:
(1) Throughout the United States, there are pressing unmet human, educational, environmental, and public safety needs.
(2) Americans desire to affirm common responsibilities and shared values, and join together in positive experiences, that transcend race, religion, gender, age, disability, region, income, and education.
(3) The rising costs of postsecondary education are putting higher education out of reach for an increasing number of citizens.
(4) Americans of all ages can improve their communities and become better citizens through service to the United States.
(5) Nonprofit organizations, local governments, States, and the Federal Government are already supporting a wide variety of national service programs that deliver needed services in a cost-effective manner.
(6) Residents of low-income communities, especially youth and young adults, can be empowered through their service, and can help provide future community leadership.
**(b) Purpose** It is the purpose of this chapter to—
(1) meet the unmet human, educational, environmental, and public safety needs of the United States, without displacing existing workers;
(2) renew the ethic of civic responsibility and the spirit of community and service throughout the varied and diverse communities of the United States;
(3) expand educational opportunity by rewarding individuals who participate in national service with an increased ability to pursue higher education or job training;
(4) encourage citizens of the United States, regardless of age, income, geographic location, or disability, to engage in full-time or part-time national service;
(5) reinvent government to eliminate duplication, support locally established initiatives, require measurable goals for performance, and offer flexibility in meeting those goals;
(6) expand and strengthen existing national service programs with demonstrated experience in providing structured service opportunities with visible benefits to the participants and community;
(7) build on the existing organizational service infrastructure of Federal, State, and local programs, agencies, and communities to expand full-time and part-time service opportunities for all citizens;
(8) provide tangible benefits to the communities in which national service is performed;
(9) expand and strengthen service-learning programs through year-round opportunities, including opportunities during the summer months, to improve the education of children and youth and to maximize the benefits of national and community service, in order to renew the ethic of civic responsibility and the spirit of community for children and youth throughout the United States;
(10) assist in coordinating and strengthening Federal and other service opportunities, including opportunities for participation in emergency and disaster preparedness, relief, and recovery;
(11) increase service opportunities for the Nation’s retiring professionals, including such opportunities for those retiring from the science, technical, engineering, and mathematics professions, to improve the education of the Nation’s youth and keep America competitive in the global knowledge economy, and to further utilize the experience, knowledge, and skills of older individuals;
(12) encourage the continued service of the alumni of the national service programs, including service in times of national need;
(13) encourage individuals age 55 or older to partake of service opportunities;
(14) focus national service on the areas of national need such service has the capacity to address, such as improving education, increasing energy conservation, improving the health status of economically disadvantaged individuals, and improving economic opportunity for economically disadvantaged individuals;
(15) recognize and increase the impact of social entrepreneurs and other nonprofit community organizations in addressing national and local challenges;
(16) increase public and private investment in nonprofit community organizations that are effectively addressing national and local challenges and encourage such organizations to replicate and expand successful initiatives;
(17) leverage Federal investments to increase State, local, business, and philanthropic resources to address national and local challenges;
(18) support institutions of higher education that engage students in community service activities and provide high-quality service-learning opportunities; and
(19) recognize the expertise veterans can offer to national service programs, expand the participation of the veterans in the national service programs, and assist the families of veterans and members of the Armed Forces on active duty.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Amounts in the Trust shall be available—
(1) to repay student loans in accordance with subsection (b);
(2) to pay all or part of the cost of attendance or other educational expenses at an institution of higher education in accordance with subsection (c);
(3) to pay expenses incurred in participating in an approved school-to-work program in accordance with subsection (d);
(4) to pay expenses incurred in enrolling in an educational institution or training establishment that is approved under chapter 36 of title 38, or other applicable provisions of law, for offering programs of education, apprenticeship, or on-job training for which educational assistance may be provided by the Secretary of Veterans Affairs; and
(5) to pay interest expenses in accordance with regulations prescribed pursuant to subsection (e).
**(b) Use of educational award to repay outstanding student loans**
(1) **Application by eligible individuals** — An eligible individual under [section 12602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12602&num=0&edition=prelim) who desires to apply the national service educational award of the individual, an eligible individual under [section 12602(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12602/a&num=0&edition=prelim) who served in a summer of service program and desires to apply that individual’s summer of service educational award, or an eligible individual under [section 12602(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12602/a&num=0&edition=prelim) who served in a silver scholar program and desires to apply that individual’s silver scholar educational award, to the repayment of qualified
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12605
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
(1) **Public building, public use, and public work.—** — The terms “public building”, “public use”, and “public work” mean a public building of, use by, and a public work of, the Federal Government, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, American Samoa, and the Virgin Islands.
(2) **United states.—** — The term “United States” includes any place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
(3) **Federal agency.—** — The term “Federal agency” has the meaning given the term “executive agency” in [section 133 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title41-section133&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 41 U.S.C. § 8301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization of activities; grants or contracts for exchanges with foreign countries** Pursuant to the Mutual Educational and Cultural Exchange Act of 1961 [[22 U.S.C. 2451](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section2451&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] and using the authorities contained therein, the President is authorized, when the President considers that it would strengthen international cooperative relations, to provide, by grant, contract, or otherwise, for exchanges with countries that are in transition from totalitarianism to democracy, which include, but are not limited to Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria, and Romania—
(1) by financing studies, research, instruction, and related activities—
(A) of or for American citizens and nationals in foreign countries; and
(B) of or for citizens and nationals of foreign countries in American private businesses, trade associations, unions, chambers of commerce, and local, State, and Federal Government agencies, located in or outside the United States; and
(2) by financing visits and interchanges between the United States and countries in transition from totalitarianism to democracy.
The program under this section shall be coordinated by the Department of State.
**(b) Transfer of funds** The President is authorized to transfer to the appropriate appropriations account of the Department of State such sums as the President shall determine to be necessary out of the travel accounts of the departments and agencies of the United States, except for the Department of State, as the President shall designate. Such transfers shall be subject to the approval of the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate. In a
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 2452a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 5091, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 701, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3172, set forth purpose of this subchapter.
Section 5091a, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 702, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3173, authorized Federal grants for Youthbuild projects.
Section 5091b, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 703, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3173, related to service in construction and rehabilitation projects.
Section 5091c, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 704, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3174, related to education and job training services.
Section 5091d, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 705, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3174, set forth permitted uses of funds provided under this subchapter.
Section 5091e, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 706, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3175, set forth eligibility requirements for participants.
Section 5091f, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 707, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3175, provided living allowance for full-time program participants.
Section 5091g, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 708, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3176, directed that services and activities be carried out through arrangements or under contracts with certain entities.
Section 5091h, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 709, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3176, directed prescribing of standards for evaluating performance of projects.
Section 5091i, Pub. L. 93–113, title VII, § 710, as added Pub. L. 101–610, title II, § 211,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4950
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Status.—** Amtrak—
(1) is a railroad carrier under section 20102(2) 11 See References in Text note below. and chapters 261 and 281 of this title;
(2) shall be operated and managed as a for-profit corporation; and
(3) is not a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government, and shall not be subject to title 31.
**(b) Principal Office and Place of Business.—** The principal office and place of business of Amtrak are in the District of Columbia. Amtrak is qualified to do business in each State in which Amtrak carries out an activity authorized under this part. Amtrak shall accept service of process by certified mail addressed to the secretary of Amtrak at its principal office and place of business. Amtrak is a citizen only of the District of Columbia when deciding original jurisdiction of the district courts of the United States in a civil action.
**(c) Application of Subtitle IV.—** Subtitle IV of this title shall not apply to Amtrak, except for sections 11123, 11301, 11322(a), 11502, and 11706. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, Amtrak shall continue to be considered an employer under the Railroad Retirement Act of 1974, the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act, and the Railroad Retirement Tax Act.
**(d) Application of Safety and Employee Relations Laws and Regulations.—** Laws and regulations governing safety, employee representation for collective bargaining purposes, the handling of disputes between carriers and employees, employee retirement, annuity, and unemployment systems, and other dealings with employees that apply to a rail carrier subject to part A of subtitle IV of this title apply to Amtrak.
**(e) Application of Certain Additional Laws.—** [Section 552 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 24301
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Eligibility generally** A participant in a national service program carried out using assistance provided to an applicant under [section 12571 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12571&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be eligible for the national service educational award described in division D if the participant—
(1) serves in an approved national service position; and
(2) satisfies the eligibility requirements specified in [section 12602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12602&num=0&edition=prelim) with respect to service in that approved national service position.
**(b) Special rule for VISTA volunteers** A VISTA volunteer who serves in an approved national service position shall be ineligible for a national service educational award if the VISTA volunteer accepts the stipend authorized under [section 4955(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4955/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12601
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
This part shall be administered by one of the Assistant Directors appointed pursuant to [section 12651e(d)(1)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12651e/d/1/A&num=0&edition=prelim). Such Director may recruit, select, and train persons to serve in full-time volunteer programs consistent with the provisions and to carry out the purpose of this part.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 4953
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Timing and recording requirements**
(1) **In general** — Notwithstanding divisions C, D, and H, and any other provision of law, in approving a position as an approved national service position, an approved summer of service position, or an approved silver scholar position, the Corporation—
(A) shall approve the position at the time the Corporation—
(i) enters into an enforceable agreement with an individual participant to serve in a program carried out under division E of this subchapter, section 12653b or 12653c(a) of this title, or under title I of the Domestic Volunteer Service Act of 1973 ([42 U.S.C. 4951](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section4951&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), a summer of service program described in [section 12563(c)(8) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12563/c/8&num=0&edition=prelim), or a silver scholarship program described in [section 12653c(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12653c/a&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(ii) except as provided in clause (i), awards a grant to (or enters into a contract or cooperative agreement with) an entity to carry out a program for which such a position is approved under [section 12573 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12573&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(B) shall record as an obligation an estimate of the net present value of the national service educational award, summer of service educational award, or silver scholar educational award associated with the position, based on a formula that takes into consideration historical rates of enrollment in such a program, and of earning and usin
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12611
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** To promote efficiency and eliminate duplicative requirements, the Corporation shall consolidate or modify application procedures and reporting requirements for programs, projects, and activities funded under the national service laws.
**(b) Report to Congress** Not later than 18 months after the effective date of the Serve America Act, the Corporation shall submit to the authorizing committees a report containing information on the actions taken to consolidate or modify the application procedures and reporting requirements for programs, projects, and activities funded under the national service laws, including a description of the procedures for consultation with recipients of the funding.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12645
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Support for State Commissions**
(1) **Grants authorized** — From amounts appropriated for a fiscal year pursuant to the authorization of appropriation in [section 12681(a)(5) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12681/a/5&num=0&edition=prelim), the Corporation may make a grant in an amount between $250,000 and $1,000,000 to a State to assist the State to establish or operate the State Commission on National and Community Service required to be established by the State under [section 12638 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section12638&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Matching requirement** — In making a grant to a State under this subsection, the Corporation shall require the State to agree to provide matching funds from non-Federal sources of not less than $1 for every $1 provided by the Corporation through the grant.
(3) **Alternative** — Notwithstanding paragraph (2), the Chief Executive Officer may permit a State that demonstrates hardship or a new State Commission to meet alternative matching requirements for such a grant as follows:
(A) *First $100,000* — For the first $100,000 of grant funds provided by the Corporation, the State involved shall not be required to provide matching funds.
(B) *Amounts greater than $100,000* — For grant amounts of more than $100,000 and not more than $250,000 provided by the Corporation, the State shall agree to provide matching funds from non-Federal sources of not less than $1 for every $2 provided by the Corporation, in excess of $100,000.
(C) *Amounts greater than $250,000* — For grant amounts of more than $250,000 provided by the Corporation, the State shall agree to provide matching funds from non-Federal sourc
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 12581
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