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31 U.S.C. § 5101 — Decimal system
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
United States money is expressed in dollars, dimes or tenths, cents or hundreths,11 So in original. Probably should be “hundredths,”. and mills or thousandths. A dime is a tenth of a dollar, a cent is a hundredth of a dollar, and a mill is a thousandth of a dollar.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_ae3af20ed1fbe30d819a07ef
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-31/section-5101-decimal-system--043747b6ab.md
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Source location: Title 31, Chapter 51, § 5101; chapter-051-coins-and-currency.md
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United States money is expressed in dollars, dimes or tenths, cents or hundreths,11 So in original. Probably should be “hundredths,”. and mills or thousandths. A dime is a tenth of a dollar, a cent is a hundredth of a dollar, and a mill is a thousandth of a dollar.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) With the approval of the President, the Secretary of the Treasury may—
(A) buy and sell gold in the way, in amounts, at rates, and on conditions the Secretary considers most advantageous to the public interest; and
(B) buy the gold with any direct obligations of the United States Government or United States coins and currency authorized by law, or with amounts in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated.
(2) Amounts received from the purchase of gold are an asset of the general fund of the Treasury. Amounts received from the sale of gold shall be deposited by the Secretary in the general fund of the Treasury and shall be used for the sole purpose of reducing the national debt.
(3) The Secretary shall acquire gold for the coins issued under [section 5112(i) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section5112/i&num=0&edition=prelim) by purchase of gold mined from natural deposits in the United States, or in a territory or possession of the United States, within one year after the month in which the ore from which it is derived was mined. The Secretary shall pay not more than the average world price for the gold. In the absence of available supplies of such gold at the average world price, the Secretary may use gold from reserves held by the United States to mint the coins issued under [section 5112(i) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section5112/i&num=0&edition=prelim). The Secretary shall issue such regulations as may be necessary to carry out this paragraph.
**(b)**
(1) The Secretary may buy silver mined from natural deposits in the United States, or in a territory or possession of the United States, that is brought to a United States mint or assay office
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 5116
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Whoever, except as permitted by the laws of the United States, uses the words “national”, “Federal”, “United States”, “reserve”, or “Deposit Insurance” as part of the business or firm name of a person, corporation, partnership, business trust, association or other business entity engaged in the banking, loan, building and loan, brokerage, factorage, insurance, indemnity, savings or trust business; or
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 709
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Secretary of the Treasury—
(1) shall mint and issue coins described in [section 5112 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section5112&num=0&edition=prelim) in amounts the Secretary decides are necessary to meet the needs of the United States;
(2) may prepare national medal dies and strike national and other medals if it does not interfere with regular minting operations but may not prepare private medal dies;
(3) may prepare and distribute numismatic items; and
(4) may mint coins for a foreign country if the minting does not interfere with regular minting operations, and shall prescribe a charge for minting the foreign coins equal to the cost of the minting (including labor, materials, and the use of machinery).
**(b)** The Department of the Treasury has a coinage metal fund and a coinage profit fund. The Secretary may use the coinage metal fund to buy metal to mint coins. The Secretary shall credit the coinage profit fund with the amount by which the nominal value of the coins minted from the metal exceeds the cost of the metal. The Secretary shall charge the coinage profit fund with waste incurred in minting coins and the cost of distributing the coins, including the cost of coin bags and pallets. The Secretary shall deposit in the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts excess amounts in the coinage profit fund.
**(c) Procurements Relating to Coin Production.—**
(1) **In general.—** — The Secretary may make contracts, on conditions the Secretary decides are appropriate and are in the public interest, to acquire articles, materials, supplies, and services (including equipment, manufacturing facilities, patents, patent rights, technical knowledge, and assistance) necessary to produce the coins referred to in
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 5111
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Secretary of the Treasury may mint and issue only the following coins:
(1) a dollar coin that is 1.043 inches in diameter.
(2) a half dollar coin that is 1.205 inches in diameter and weighs 11.34 grams.
(3) a quarter dollar coin that is 0.955 inch in diameter and weighs 5.67 grams.
(4) a dime coin that is 0.705 inch in diameter and weighs 2.268 grams.
(5) a 5-cent coin that is 0.835 inch in diameter and weighs 5 grams.
(6) except as provided under subsection (c) of this section, a one-cent coin that is 0.75 inch in diameter and weighs 3.11 grams.
(7) A fifty dollar gold coin that is 32.7 millimeters in diameter, weighs 33.931 grams, and contains one troy ounce of fine gold.
(8) A twenty-five dollar gold coin that is 27.0 millimeters in diameter, weighs 16.966 grams, and contains one-half troy ounce of fine gold.
(9) A ten dollar gold coin that is 22.0 millimeters in diameter, weighs 8.483 grams, and contains one-fourth troy ounce of fine gold.
(10) A five dollar gold coin that is 16.5 millimeters in diameter, weighs 3.393 grams, and contains one-tenth troy ounce of fine gold.
(11) A $50 gold coin that is of an appropriate size and thickness, as determined by the Secretary, weighs 1 ounce, and contains 99.99 percent pure gold.
(12) A $25 coin of an appropriate size and thickness, as determined by the Secretary, that weighs 1 troy ounce and contains .9995 fine palladium.
**(b)** The half dollar, quarter dollar, and dime coins are clad coins with 3 layers of metal. The 2 identical outer layers are an alloy of 75 percent copper and 25 percent nickel. The inner layer is copper. The outer layers are metallurgically bonded to the inner layer and weigh at least 30 percent of the weight of the coin. The dollar coin shall be golden in color, have a distin
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 5112
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) Except as provided in this chapter, the Secretary of the Treasury shall deposit in the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts amounts the Secretary receives from the operations of the United States Mint. Expenditures made from appropriated funds which are subsequently determined to be properly chargeable to the Numismatic Public Enterprise Fund established by section 5134 shall be reimbursed by such Fund to the appropriation. The Secretary shall annually sell to the public, directly and by mail, sets of uncirculated and proof coins minted under paragraphs (1) through (6) of [section 5112(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section5112/a&num=0&edition=prelim), and shall solicit such sales through the use of the customer list of the United States Mint. Except with respect to amounts deposited in the Numismatic Public Enterprise Fund in accordance with section 5134, the Secretary may not use amounts the Secretary receives from profits on minting coins or from charges on gold or silver bullion under section 5122 to pay officers and employees.
(2)
(A) In addition to the coins described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall sell annually to the public directly and by mail, sets of proof coins minted under paragraphs (1) through (6) of section 5112(a).
(B) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, for purposes of this paragraph—
(i) the coins described in paragraphs (2) through (4) of section 5112(a) shall be made of an alloy of not less than 90 percent silver; and
(ii) all coins minted under this paragraph shall have a mint mark indicating the place of manufacture.
(C) All coins minted under this paragraph shall be considered to be—
(i) numismatic items for purposes of paragraph (1) and sec
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 5132
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, act June 8, 1906, ch. 3060, § 2, 34 Stat. 225, authorized declaration of national monuments. See section 320301(a) to (c) of Title 54, National Park Service and Related Programs.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 431
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Director** — Except as otherwise expressly provided, the term “Director” means the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy.
(2) **Distributed ledger** — The term “distributed ledger” means a ledger that—
(A) is shared across a set of distributed nodes, which are devices or processes, that participate in a network and store a complete or partial replica of the ledger;
(B) is synchronized between the nodes;
(C) has data appended to it by following the ledger’s specified consensus mechanism;
(D) may be accessible to anyone (public) or restricted to a subset of participants (private); and
(E) may require participants to have authorization to perform certain actions (engaging) or require no authorization (permissionless).
(3) **Distributed ledger technology** — The term “distributed ledger technology” means technology that enables the operation and use of distributed ledgers.
(4) **Institution of higher education** — The term “institution of higher education” has the meaning given the term in [section 1001 of title 20](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001&num=0&edition=prelim).
(5) **Relevant congressional committees** — The term “relevant congressional committees” means—
(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate; and
(B) the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives.
(6) **Smart contract** — The term “smart contract” means a computer program stored in a distributed ledger system that is executed when certain predefined conditions are satisfied and wherein the outcome of any execution of the program may be recorded on the distributed ledger.
**(b) National distributed ledger technol
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 19231
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 372
TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE
§ 5101
1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘hundredths,’’.
der funds transfers and payments, and other inter-
national dimensions of digital assets and payments,
while FATF continues its leadership in setting AML/
CFT standards for digital assets. Such international
work should continue to address the full spectrum of
issues and challenges raised by digital assets, including
financial stability, consumer, investor, and business
risks, and money laundering, terrorist financing, pro-
liferation financing, sanctions evasion, and other illicit
activities.
(v) My Administration will elevate the importance of
these topics and expand engagement with our critical
international partners, including through fora such as
the G7, G20, FATF, and FSB. My Administration will
support the ongoing international work and, where ap-
propriate, push for additional work to drive develop-
ment and implementation of holistic standards, co-
operation and coordination, and information sharing.
With respect to digital assets, my Administration will
seek to ensure that our core democratic values are re-
spected; consumers, investors, and businesses are pro-
tected;
appropriate
global
financial
system
connectivity and platform and architecture interoper-
ability are preserved; and the safety and soundness of
the global financial system and international monetary
system are maintained.
(b) In furtherance of the policy stated in section 8(a)
of this order:
(i) Within 120 days of the date of this order [Mar. 9,
2022], the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation
with the Secretary of State, the Secretary of Com-
merce, the Administrator of the United States Agency
for International Development, and the heads of other
relevant agencies,
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 31 U.S.C. § 5101
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