Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections
7 U.S.C. § 2024 — Violations and enforcement
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the Secretary may provide for the issuance or presentment for redemption of benefits to such person or persons, and at such times and in such manner, as the Secretary deems necessary or appropriate to protect the interests of the United States or to ensure enforcement of the provisions of this chapter or the regulations issued pursuant to this chapter.
**(b) Unauthorized use, transfer, acquisition, alteration, or possession of benefits**
(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection, whoever knowingly uses, transfers, acquires, alters, or possesses benefits in any manner contrary to this chapter or the regulations issued pursuant to this chapter shall, if such benefits are of a value of $5,000 or more, be guilty of a felony and shall be fined not more than $250,000 or imprisoned for not more than twenty years, or both, and shall, if such benefits are of a value of $100 or more, but less than $5,000, or if the item used, transferred, acquired, altered, or possessed is a benefit that has a value of $100 or more, but less than $5,000, be guilty of a felony and shall, upon the first conviction thereof, be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both, and, upon the second and any subsequent conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned for not less than six months nor more than five years and may also be fined not more than $10,000 or, if such benefits are of a value of less than $100, or if the item used, transferred, acquired, altered, or processed 11 So in original. Probably should be “possessed”. is a benefit that has a value of less than $100, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon the first conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $1,0
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2024
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.
Original supplied file — preserved unchanged
Download original Markdown file
File SHA-256: f6f1197e1f0285f96234c53d3c30968454fcde9dbb06bdb652bcca84b7176fe4. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.
Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.
Open the recorded source website ↗
Record provenance
Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_a7ac2198b4ed293703f09f50
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-7/section-2024-violations-and-enforcement--9bf74ade2d.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: b6b163dab97b22564dc11bb4541a4f418b4c0d1eb75c9728cbcc753ac61b3a1a
Source location: Title 7, Chapter 51, § 2024; chapter-051-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program.md
Stored source content
**(a) In general** Notwithstanding any other provision of this chapter, the Secretary may provide for the issuance or presentment for redemption of benefits to such person or persons, and at such times and in such manner, as the Secretary deems necessary or appropriate to protect the interests of the United States or to ensure enforcement of the provisions of this chapter or the regulations issued pursuant to this chapter.
**(b) Unauthorized use, transfer, acquisition, alteration, or possession of benefits**
(1) Subject to the provisions of paragraph (2) of this subsection, whoever knowingly uses, transfers, acquires, alters, or possesses benefits in any manner contrary to this chapter or the regulations issued pursuant to this chapter shall, if such benefits are of a value of $5,000 or more, be guilty of a felony and shall be fined not more than $250,000 or imprisoned for not more than twenty years, or both, and shall, if such benefits are of a value of $100 or more, but less than $5,000, or if the item used, transferred, acquired, altered, or possessed is a benefit that has a value of $100 or more, but less than $5,000, be guilty of a felony and shall, upon the first conviction thereof, be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both, and, upon the second and any subsequent conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned for not less than six months nor more than five years and may also be fined not more than $10,000 or, if such benefits are of a value of less than $100, or if the item used, transferred, acquired, altered, or processed 11 So in original. Probably should be “possessed”. is a benefit that has a value of less than $100, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor, and, upon the first conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both, and upon the second and any subsequent conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned for not more than one year and may also be fined not more than $1,000. In addition to such penalties, any person convicted of a felony or misdemeanor violation under this subsection may be suspended by the court from participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program for an additional period of up to eighteen months consecutive to that period of suspension mandated by [section 2015(b)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2015/b/1&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) In the case of any individual convicted of an offense under paragraph (1) of this subsection, the court may permit such individual to perform work approved by the court for the purpose of providing restitution for losses incurred by the United States and the State agency as a result of the offense for which such individual was convicted. If the court permits such individual to perform such work and such individual agrees thereto, the court shall withhold the imposition of the sentence on the condition that such individual perform the assigned work. Upon the successful completion of the assigned work the court may suspend such sentence.
**(c) Presentation for payment or redemption of benefits that have been illegally received, transferred, or used** Whoever presents, or causes to be presented, benefits for payment or redemption of the value of $100 or more, knowing the same to have been received, transferred, or used in any manner in violation of the provisions of this chapter or the regulations issued pursuant to this chapter, shall be guilty of a felony and, upon the first conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $20,000 or imprisoned for not more than five years, or both, and, upon the second and any subsequent conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned for not less than one year nor more than five years and may also be fined not more than $20,000, or, if such benefits are of a value of less than $100, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon the first conviction thereof, shall be fined not more than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year, or both, and, upon the second and any subsequent conviction thereof, shall be imprisoned for not more than one year and may also be fined not more than $1,000. In addition to such penalties, any person convicted of a felony or misdemeanor violation under this subsection may be suspended by the court from participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program for an additional period of up to eighteen months consecutive to that period of suspension mandated by [section 2015(b)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2015/b/1&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(d) Benefits as obligations of the United States** Benefits issued pursuant to this chapter shall be deemed to be obligations of the United States within the meaning of [section 8 of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section8&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(e) Forfeiture of property involved in illegal benefit transactions** The Secretary may subject to forfeiture and denial of property rights any nonfood items, moneys, negotiable instruments, securities, or other things of value that are furnished by any person in exchange for benefits, or anything of value obtained by use of an access device, in any manner contrary to this chapter or the regulations issued under this chapter. Any forfeiture and disposal of property forfeited under this subsection shall be conducted in accordance with procedures contained in regulations issued by the Secretary.
**(f) Criminal forfeiture**
(1) **In general** — In imposing a sentence on a person convicted of an offense in violation of subsection (b) or (c), a court shall order, in addition to any other sentence imposed under this section, that the person forfeit to the United States all property described in paragraph (2).
(2) **Property subject to forfeiture** — All property, real and personal, used in a transaction or attempted transaction, to commit, or to facilitate the commission of, a violation (other than a misdemeanor) of subsection (b) or (c), or proceeds traceable to a violation of subsection (b) or (c), shall be subject to forfeiture to the United States under paragraph (1).
(3) **Interest of owner** — No interest in property shall be forfeited under this subsection as the result of any act or omission established by the owner of the interest to have been committed or omitted without the knowledge or consent of the owner.
(4) **Proceeds** — The proceeds from any sale of forfeited property and any monies forfeited under this subsection shall be used—
(A) first, to reimburse the Department of Justice for the costs incurred by the Department to initiate and complete the forfeiture proceeding;
(B) second, to reimburse the Department of Agriculture Office of Inspector General for any costs the Office incurred in the law enforcement effort resulting in the forfeiture;
(C) third, to reimburse any Federal or State law enforcement agency for any costs incurred in the law enforcement effort resulting in the forfeiture; and
(D) fourth, by the Secretary to carry out the approval, reauthorization, and compliance investigations of retail stores and wholesale food concerns under [section 2018 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2018&num=0&edition=prelim).
Cross-references
Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this chapter, the term:
**(a)** “Access device” means any card, plate, code, account number, or other means of access, including point of sale devices, that can be used, alone or in conjunction with another access device, to obtain payments, allotments, benefits, money, goods, or other things of value, or that can be used to initiate a transfer of funds under this chapter.
**(b)** “Allotment” means the total value of benefits a household is authorized to receive during each month.
**(c)** “Allowable medical expenses” means expenditures for (1) medical and dental care, (2) hospitalization or nursing care (including hospitalization or nursing care of an individual who was a household member immediately prior to entering a hospital or nursing home), (3) prescription drugs when prescribed by a licensed practitioner authorized under State law and over-the-counter medication (including insulin) when approved by a licensed practitioner or other qualified health professional, (4) health and hospitalization insurance policies (excluding the costs of health and accident or income maintenance policies), (5) medicare premiums related to coverage under title XVIII of the Social Security Act [[42 U.S.C. 1395](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1395&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], (6) dentures, hearing aids, and prosthetics (including the costs of securing and maintaining a seeing eye dog), (7) eye glasses prescribed by a physician skilled in eye disease or by an optometrist, (8) reasonable costs of transportation necessary to secure medical treatment or services, and (9) maintaining an attendant, homemaker, home health aide, housekeeper, or child care services due to age, infirmity, or illness.
**(d) Benefit.—** The term “benefi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2012
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The term “obligation or other security of the United States” includes all bonds, certificates of indebtedness, national bank currency, Federal Reserve notes, Federal Reserve bank notes, coupons, United States notes, Treasury notes, gold certificates, silver certificates, fractional notes, certificates of deposit, bills, checks, or drafts for money, drawn by or upon authorized officers of the United States, stamps and other representatives of value, of whatever denomination, issued under any Act of Congress, and canceled United States stamps.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 8
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Administrative costs** Subject to subsection (k), the Secretary is authorized to pay to each State agency, through fiscal year 2026, 50 percent, and for fiscal year 2027 and each fiscal year thereafter, 25 percent, of all administrative costs involved in each State agency’s operation of the supplemental nutrition assistance program, which costs shall include, but not be limited to, the cost of (1) the certification of applicant households, (2) the acceptance, storage, protection, control, and accounting of benefits after their delivery to receiving points within the State, (3) the issuance of benefits to all eligible households, (4) informational activities relating to the supplemental nutrition assistance program, including those undertaken under [section 2020(e)(1)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2020/e/1/A&num=0&edition=prelim), but not including recruitment activities designed to persuade an individual to apply for program benefits or that promote the program through television, radio, or billboard advertisements, (5) fair hearings, (6) automated data processing and information retrieval systems subject to the conditions set forth in subsection (g), (7) supplemental nutrition assistance program investigations and prosecutions, (8) implementing and operating the immigration status verification system established under section 1137(d) of the Social Security Act ([42 U.S.C. 1320b–7(d)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1320b–7/d&num=0&edition=prelim)), and (9) establishing and operating a longitudinal database in accordance with [section 2026(n) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2026/n&num=0&edition=prelim)
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2025
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Short title** This section may be cited as the “Bill Emerson National Hunger Fellows and Mickey Leland International Hunger Fellows Program Act of 2008”.
**(b) Definitions** In this subsection: 11 So in original. Probably should be “section:”.
(1) **Director** — The term “Director” means the head of the Congressional Hunger Center.
(2) **Fellow** — The term “fellow” means—
(A) a Bill Emerson Hunger Fellow; or
(B) Mickey Leland Hunger Fellow.
(3) **Fellowship Programs** — The term “Fellowship Programs” means the Bill Emerson National Hunger Fellowship Program and the Mickey Leland International Hunger Fellowship Program established under subsection (c)(1).
**(c) Fellowship Programs**
(1) **In general** — There is established the Bill Emerson National Hunger Fellowship Program and the Mickey Leland International Hunger Fellowship Program.
(2) **Purposes**
(A) *In general* — The purposes of the Fellowship Programs are—
(i) to encourage future leaders of the United States—
(I) to pursue careers in humanitarian and public service;
(II) to recognize the needs of low-income people and hungry people;
(III) to provide assistance to people in need; and
(IV) to seek public policy solutions to the challenges of hunger and poverty;
(ii) to provide training and development opportunities for such leaders through placement in programs operated by appropriate organizations or entities; and
(iii) to increase awareness of the importance of public service.
(B) *Bill Emerson Hunger Fellowship Program* — The purpose of the Bill Emerson Hunger Fellowship Program is to address hunger and poverty in the United States.
(C) *Mickey Leland Hunger Fellowship Program* — The purpose of the Mickey Leland Hunger Fellowship Program i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 2 U.S.C. § 1161
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorization to accept and redeem benefits**
(1) **Applications.—**
(A) *In general.—* — Regulations issued pursuant to this chapter shall provide for the submission of applications for approval by retail food stores and wholesale food concerns which desire to be authorized to accept and redeem benefits under the supplemental nutrition assistance program and for the approval of those applicants whose participation will effectuate the purposes of the supplemental nutrition assistance program.
(B) *Factors for consideration.—* — In determining the qualifications of applicants, there shall be considered among such other factors as may be appropriate, the following:
(i) the nature and extent of the food business conducted by the applicant;
(ii) the volume of benefit transactions which may reasonably be expected to be conducted by the applicant food store or wholesale food concern;
(iii) whether the applicant is located in an area with significantly limited access to food;
(iv) any information, if available, about the ability of the anticipated or existing electronic benefit transfer equipment and service provider of the applicant to provide sufficient information through the electronic benefit transfer system to minimize the risk of fraudulent transactions; and
(v) the business integrity and reputation of the applicant.
(C) *Certificate.—* — Approval of an applicant shall be evidenced by the issuance to such applicant of a nontransferable certificate of approval.
(D) *Visit required.—* — No retail food store or wholesale food concern of a type determined by the Secretary, based on factors that include size, location, and type of items sold, shall be approved to be authorized or reauthorized for participation in the supplemental n
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2018
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given the term in [section 5602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5602&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher** — The term “geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher” has the meaning given the term in section 10906(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 ([7 U.S.C. 2204](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2204&num=0&edition=prelim) note; Public Law 107–171).
**(b) Authorization** Subject to the availability of funds under subsection (d), the Secretary may provide geographically disadvantaged farmers or ranchers direct reimbursement payments for activities described in subsection (c).
**(c) Transportation**
(1) **In general** — Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may provide direct reimbursement payments to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher to transport an agricultural commodity, or inputs used to produce an agricultural commodity, during a fiscal year.
(2) **Proof of eligibility** — To be eligible to receive assistance under paragraph (1), a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher shall demonstrate to the Secretary that transportation of the agricultural commodity or inputs occurred over a distance of more than 30 miles, as determined by the Secretary.
(3) **Amount**
(A) *In general* — Subject to paragraph (2), the amount of direct reimbursement payments made to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher under this section for a fiscal year shall equal the product obtained by multiplying—
(i) the amount of costs incurred by the geographically di
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 8701
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Regulations issued pursuant to this chapter shall provide for the redemption of benefits accepted by retail food stores through approved wholesale food concerns or through financial institutions which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or which are insured under the Federal Credit Union Act [[12 U.S.C. 1751](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1751&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] and have retail food stores or wholesale food concerns in their field of membership, with the cooperation of the Treasury Department, except that retail food stores defined in section 2012(o)(4) of this title shall be authorized to redeem their members’ food benefits prior to receipt by the members of the food so purchased, retail food stores authorized to accept and redeem benefits through on-line transactions shall be authorized to accept benefits prior to the delivery of food if the delivery occurs within a reasonable time of the purchase, as determined by the Secretary, and publicly operated community mental health centers or private nonprofit organizations or institutions which serve meals to narcotics addicts or alcoholics in drug addiction or alcoholic treatment and rehabilitation programs, public and private nonprofit shelters that prepare and serve meals for battered women and children, and public or private nonprofit group living arrangements that serve meals to disabled or blind residents, shall not be authorized to redeem benefits through financial institutions which are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or the Federal Credit Union Act. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, a center, organization, institution, shelter, group living arrangement, or establishment described in that sentence may be author
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2019
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) Whoever, knowing that the property involved in a financial transaction represents the proceeds of some form of unlawful activity, conducts or attempts to conduct such a financial transaction which in fact involves the proceeds of specified unlawful activity—
(A)
(i) with the intent to promote the carrying on of specified unlawful activity; or
(ii) with intent to engage in conduct constituting a violation of section 7201 or 7206 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986; or
(B) knowing that the transaction is designed in whole or in part—
(i) to conceal or disguise the nature, the location, the source, the ownership, or the control of the proceeds of specified unlawful activity; or
(ii) to avoid a transaction reporting requirement under State or Federal law,
shall be sentenced to a fine of not more than $500,000 or twice the value of the property involved in the transaction, whichever is greater, or imprisonment for not more than twenty years, or both. For purposes of this paragraph, a financial transaction shall be considered to be one involving the proceeds of specified unlawful activity if it is part of a set of parallel or dependent transactions, any one of which involves the proceeds of specified unlawful activity, and all of which are part of a single plan or arrangement.
(2) Whoever transports, transmits, or transfers, or attempts to transport, transmit, or transfer a monetary instrument or funds from a place in the United States to or through a place outside the United States or to a place in the United States from or through a place outside the United States—
(A) with the intent to promote the carrying on of specified unlawful activity; or
(B) knowing that the monetary instrument or funds involved in the transportation,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 1956
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Additional specific conditions rendering individuals ineligible** In addition to meeting the standards of eligibility prescribed in [section 2014 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2014&num=0&edition=prelim), households and individuals who are members of eligible households must also meet and comply with the specific requirements of this section to be eligible for participation in the supplemental nutrition assistance program.
**(b) Fraud and misrepresentation; disqualification penalties; ineligibility period; applicable procedures**
(1) Any person who has been found by any State or Federal court or administrative agency to have intentionally (A) made a false or misleading statement, or misrepresented, concealed or withheld facts, or (B) committed any act that constitutes a violation of this chapter, the regulations issued thereunder, or any State statute, for the purpose of using, presenting, transferring, acquiring, receiving, or possessing program benefits shall, immediately upon the rendering of such determination, become ineligible for further participation in the program—
(i) for a period of 1 year upon the first occasion of any such determination;
(ii) for a period of 2 years upon—
(I) the second occasion of any such determination; or
(II) the first occasion of a finding by a Federal, State, or local court of the trading of a controlled substance (as defined in [section 802 of title 21](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section802&num=0&edition=prelim)) for benefits; and
(iii) permanently upon—
(I) the third occasion of any such determination;
(II) the second occasion of a finding by a Federal, State, or local court of the trading of a co
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2015
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) Whenever an application of a retail food store or wholesale food concern to participate in the supplemental nutrition assistance program is denied pursuant to [section 2018 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2018&num=0&edition=prelim), or a retail food store or wholesale food concern is disqualified or subjected to a civil money penalty under the provisions of [section 2021 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2021&num=0&edition=prelim), or a retail food store or wholesale food concern forfeits a bond under [section 2021(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2021/d&num=0&edition=prelim), or all or part of any claim of a retail food store or wholesale food concern is denied under the provisions of [section 2022 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2022&num=0&edition=prelim), or a claim against a State agency is stated pursuant to the provisions of [section 2022 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2022&num=0&edition=prelim), notice of such administrative action shall be issued to the retail food store, wholesale food concern, or State agency involved.
(2) **Delivery of notices.—** — A notice under paragraph (1) shall be delivered by any form of delivery that the Secretary determines will provide evidence of the delivery.
(3) If such store, concern, or State agency is aggrieved by such action, it may, in accordance with regulations promulgated under this chapter, within ten days of the date of delivery of such notice, file a written request for an opportunity to submit information in support o
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 7 U.S.C. § 2023
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.