Browse Arkansas Code titles and sections

33 U.S.C. § 4002 — National harmful algal bloom and hypoxia program

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 4002 — National harmful algal bloom and hypoxia program

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 33 U.S.C. § 4002

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. A text match is a research starting point; applicability is not established.

Original supplied file — preserved unchanged

Download original Markdown file

File SHA-256: 8d3f04e598f859746504aa5be3ee8e97a722c39af394bac2c8c2333688ebd3b4. The original may include catalog metadata, neighboring provisions, or embedded records outside this collection's scope. Search shows only the selected federal record. Historical editions and unverified snapshots are not a statement of current law.

Authority boundary: historical or unconfirmed source not current law verified.

Open the recorded source website ↗

Record provenance

Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_a5bce689fbe6f4630e3653c2
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-33/section-4002-national-harmful-algal-bloom-and-hypoxia-program--cf53d05a89.md
Pages: Not recorded – Not recorded
Passage SHA-256: be0229c3bb411cd83a2f82ff83f2ccf308ec6fc10f6cea4b9bc6936682cfd08d

Source location: Title 33, Chapter 53, § 4002; chapter-053-harmful-algal-bloom-and-hypoxia-research-and-control.md

Stored source content

**(a) Establishment** Not later than 1 year after June 30, 2014, the Under Secretary, acting through the Task Force, shall maintain and enhance a national harmful algal bloom and hypoxia program, including— (1) a statement of objectives, including understanding, detecting, predicting, controlling, mitigating, and responding to marine and freshwater harmful algal bloom and hypoxia events; and (2) the comprehensive research plan and action strategy under [section 4003 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section4003&num=0&edition=prelim). **(b) Periodic revision** The Task Force shall periodically review and revise the Program, as necessary. **(c) Task Force functions** The Task Force shall— (1) coordinate interagency review of the objectives and activities of the Program; (2) expedite the interagency review process by ensuring timely review and dispersal of required reports and assessments under this chapter; (3) support the implementation of the Action Strategy, including the coordination and integration of the research of all Federal programs, including ocean and Great Lakes science and management programs and centers, that address the chemical, biological, and physical components of marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (4) support the development of institutional mechanisms and financial instruments to further the objectives and activities of the Program; (5) review the Program’s distribution of Federal funding to address the objectives and activities of the Program; (6) promote the development of new technologies for predicting, monitoring, and mitigating harmful algal bloom and hypoxia conditions; and (7) establish such interagency working groups as it considers necessary. **(d) Lead Federal agency** Except as provided in subsection (h), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration shall have primary responsibility for administering the Program. **(e) Program duties** In administering the Program, the Under Secretary shall— (1) promote the Program, including to local and regional stakeholders through the establishment and maintenance of a publicly accessible Internet website that provides information as to Program activities completed under this section; (2) prepare work and spending plans for implementing the research and activities identified under the Action Strategy; (3) administer peer-reviewed, merit-based, competitive grant funding— (A) to maintain and enhance baseline monitoring programs established by the Program; (B) to support the projects maintained and established by the Program; (C) to address the research and management needs and priorities identified in the Action Strategy; and (D) to accelerate the utilization of effective methods of intervention and mitigation to reduce the frequency, severity, and impacts of harmful algal bloom and hypoxia events; (4) coordinate with, and work cooperatively to provide technical assistance to, regional, State, tribal, and local government agencies and programs that address marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (5) coordinate with the Secretary of State to support international efforts on marine and freshwater harmful algal bloom and hypoxia information sharing, research, prediction, mitigation, control, and response activities; (6) identify additional research, development, and demonstration needs and priorities relating to monitoring, prevention, control, mitigation, and response to marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and hypoxia, including methods and technologies to protect the ecosystems affected by marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (7) integrate, coordinate, and augment existing education and extension programs to improve public understanding and awareness of the causes, impacts, intervention, and mitigation efforts for marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (8) facilitate and provide resources to train State and local coastal and water resource managers in the methods and technologies for monitoring, preventing, controlling, and mitigating marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (9) support regional efforts to control and mitigate outbreaks through— (A) communication of the contents of the Action Strategy and maintenance of online data portals for other information about harmful algal blooms and hypoxia to State, tribal, and local stakeholders; and (B) overseeing the development, review, and periodic updating of the Action Strategy; (10) convene at least 1 meeting of the Task Force each year; and (11) perform such other tasks as may be delegated by the Task Force. **(f) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration activities** The Under Secretary shall— (1) maintain and enhance the existing competitive programs at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration relating to harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (2) carry out marine and Great Lakes harmful algal bloom and hypoxia events response activities; (3) develop and enhance, including with respect to infrastructure, which shall include unmanned systems, as necessary, critical observations, monitoring, modeling, data management, information dissemination, and operational forecasts relevant to harmful algal blooms and hypoxia events; (4) enhance communication and coordination among Federal agencies carrying out marine and freshwater harmful algal bloom and hypoxia activities and research; (5) to the greatest extent practicable, leverage existing resources and expertise available from local research universities and institutions; (6) increase the availability to appropriate public and private entities of— (A) analytical facilities and technologies; (B) operational forecasts; and (C) reference and research materials; (7) use cost effective methods in carrying out this Act; and (8) develop contingency plans for the long-term monitoring of hypoxia. **(g) Cooperative efforts** The Under Secretary shall work cooperatively and avoid duplication of effort with other offices, centers, and programs within the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, other agencies on the Task Force, and States, tribes, and nongovernmental organizations concerned with marine and freshwater issues to coordinate harmful algal bloom and hypoxia (and related) activities and research. **(h) Freshwater** With respect to the freshwater aspects of the Program, the Administrator, through the Task Force, shall carry out the duties otherwise assigned to the Under Secretary under this section, except the activities described in subsection (f). (1) **Participation** — The Administrator’s participation under this section shall include— (A) research on the ecology and impacts of freshwater harmful algal blooms; and (B) forecasting and monitoring of and event response to freshwater harmful algal blooms in lakes, rivers, estuaries (including their tributaries), and reservoirs. (2) **Nonduplication** — The Administrator shall ensure that activities carried out under this chapter focus on new approaches to addressing freshwater harmful algal blooms and are not duplicative of existing research and development programs authorized by this chapter or any other law. **(i) Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System** The collection of monitoring and observation data under this chapter shall comply with all data standards and protocols developed pursuant to the Integrated Coastal and Ocean Observation System Act of 2009 ([33 U.S.C. 3601](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section3601&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). Such data shall be made available through the system established under that Act.

Cross-references

Connections may be documented source relationships, shared citations or nearby passages. Each explains its basis; a connection alone does not establish applicability to your situation.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 4003 — Comprehensive research plan and action strategy

**(a) In general** Not later than 1 year after June 30, 2014, the Under Secretary, through the Task Force, shall develop and submit to Congress a comprehensive research plan and action strategy to address marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and hypoxia. The Action Strategy shall identify— (1) the specific activities to be carried out by the Program and the timeline for carrying out those activities; (2) the roles and responsibilities of each Federal agency in the Task Force in carrying out the activities under paragraph (1); and (3) the appropriate regions and subregions requiring specific research and activities to address harmful algal blooms and hypoxia. **(b) Regional focus** The regional and subregional parts of the Action Strategy shall identify— (1) regional priorities for ecological, economic, and social research on issues related to the impacts of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (2) research, development, and demonstration activities needed to develop and advance technologies and techniques for minimizing the occurrence of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia and improving capabilities to detect, predict, monitor, control, mitigate, respond to, and remediate harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (3) ways to reduce the duration and intensity of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia, including deployment of response technologies in a timely manner; (4) research and methods to address human health dimensions of harmful algal blooms and hypoxia; (5) mechanisms, including the potential costs and benefits of those mechanisms, to protect ecosystems that may be or have been affected by harmful algal bloom and hypoxia events; (6) mechanisms by which data, information, and products may be transferred between the Program and the State, tribal, and local governments

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 33 U.S.C. § 4003

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 3601 — Purposes

The purposes of this chapter are— (1) to establish and sustain a national integrated System of ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes observing systems, comprised of Federal and non-Federal components coordinated at the national level by the Council and at the regional level by a network of regional coastal observing systems, and that includes in situ, remote, and other coastal and ocean observation and modeling capabilities, technologies, data management systems, communication systems, and product development systems, and is designed to address regional and national needs for ocean and coastal information, to gather specific data on key ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes variables, and to ensure timely and sustained dissemination and availability of these data— (A) to the public; (B) to support national defense, search and rescue operations, marine commerce, navigation safety, weather, climate, and marine forecasting, energy siting and production, economic development, ecosystem-based marine, coastal, and Great Lakes resource management, public safety, and public outreach and education; (C) to promote greater public awareness and stewardship of the Nation’s ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources and the general public welfare; (D) to provide easy access to ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes data and promote data sharing between Federal and non-Federal sources and promote public data sharing; (E) to enable advances in scientific understanding to support the sustainable use, conservation, management, and understanding of healthy ocean, coastal, and Great Lakes resources to ensure the Nation can respond to opportunities to enhance food, economic, and national security; and (F) to monitor and model changes in the oceans and Great Lakes, including with respect to c

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 33 U.S.C. § 3601

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 4008 — Definitions

In this chapter: (1) **Action Strategy** — The term “Action Strategy” means the comprehensive research plan and action strategy established under [section 4003 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section4003&num=0&edition=prelim). (2) **Administrator** — The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. (3) **Harmful algal bloom** — The term “harmful algal bloom” means marine and freshwater phytoplankton that proliferate to high concentrations, resulting in nuisance conditions or harmful impacts on marine and aquatic ecosystems, coastal communities, and human health through the production of toxic compounds or other biological, chemical, and physical impacts of the algae outbreak. (4) **Hypoxia** — The term “hypoxia” means a condition where low dissolved oxygen in aquatic systems causes stress or death to resident organisms. (5) **Program** — The term “Program” means the national harmful algal bloom and hypoxia program established under [section 4002 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section4002&num=0&edition=prelim). (6) **State** — The term “State” means each of the several States of the United States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, any other territory or possession of the United States, and any Indian tribe. (7) **Task Force** — The term “Task Force” means the Inter-Agency Task Force on Harmful Algal Blooms and Hypoxia under [section 4001(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title33-section4001/a&num=0&edition=prelim). (8) **Under Secretary** — The term “Under Secre

Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 33 U.S.C. § 4008

Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Incoming connection: Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 3601 — Purposes

Page 982 TITLE 33—NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS § 3601 2 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘images,’’. cal, geological, chemical, and archaeological characteristics and boundaries of ocean and coastal areas, resources, and sea beds through the use of acoustics, satellites, aerial photo- grammetry, light and imaging, direct sam- pling, and other mapping technologies. (6) Territorial sea The term ‘‘territorial sea’’ means the belt of sea measured from the baseline of the United States determined in accordance with inter- national law, as set forth in Presidential Proc- lamation Number 5928, dated December 27, 1988. (7) Nongovernmental entities The term ‘‘nongovernmental entities’’ in- cludes nongovernmental organizations, mem- bers of the academic community, and private sector organizations that provide products and services associated with measuring, locating, and preparing maps, charts, surveys, aerial photographs, satellite imagines,2 or other graphical or digital presentations depicting natural or manmade physical features, phe- nomena, and legal boundaries of the Earth. (8) Outer Continental Shelf The term ‘‘Outer Continental Shelf’’ means all submerged lands lying seaward and outside of lands beneath navigable waters (as that term is defined in section 1301 of title 43), and of which the subsoil and seabed appertain to the United States and are subject to its juris- diction and control. (9) Coastal Indian Tribe The term ‘‘coastal Indian Tribe’’ means an ‘‘Indian Tribe’’, as defined in section 5304 of title 25, the land of which is located in a coast- al State. (Pub. L. 111–11, title XII, § 12210, formerly § 12208, Mar. 30, 2009, 123 Stat. 1426; renumbered § 12210 and amended Pub. L. 117–263, div. J, title CIII, § 10307(b)(1)(C), (

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 33 U.S.C. § 3601

Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 33 U.S.C. § 3601. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

33 U.S.C. § 4002 — National harmful algal bloom and hypoxia

Page 1026 TITLE 33—NAVIGATION AND NAVIGABLE WATERS § 4002 Section was enacted as part of the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Amendments Act of 2004, and not as part of the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act of 1998 which comprises this chapter. Section was formerly set out as a note under section 1451 of Title 16, Conservation. AMENDMENTS 2019—Pub. L. 115–423 substituted ‘‘the Harmful Algal Bloom and Hypoxia Research and Control Act of 1998’’ for ‘‘the amendments made by this title’’. § 4002. National harmful algal bloom and hypoxia program (a) Establishment Not later than 1 year after June 30, 2014, the Under Secretary, acting through the Task Force, shall maintain and enhance a national harmful algal bloom and hypoxia program, in- cluding— (1) a statement of objectives, including un- derstanding, detecting, predicting, control- ling, mitigating, and responding to marine and freshwater harmful algal bloom and hypoxia events; and (2) the comprehensive research plan and ac- tion strategy under section 4003 of this title. (b) Periodic revision The Task Force shall periodically review and revise the Program, as necessary. (c) Task Force functions The Task Force shall— (1) coordinate interagency review of the ob- jectives and activities of the Program; (2) expedite the interagency review process by ensuring timely review and dispersal of re- quired reports and assessments under this chapter; (3) support the implementation of the Action Strategy, including the coordination and inte- gration of the research of all Federal pro- grams, including ocean and Great Lakes science and management programs and cen- ters, that address the chemical, biological, and physical components of marine and freshwater harmful algal blooms and

Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 33 U.S.C. § 4002

Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.