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22 U.S.C. § 1465 — Congressional findings and declaration of purposes
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds and declares—
(1) that it is the policy of the United States to support the right of the people of Cuba to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers, in accordance with article 19 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
(2) that, consonant with this policy, radio broadcasting to Cuba may be effective in furthering the open communication of accurate information and ideas to the people of Cuba, in particular information about Cuba;
(3) that such broadcasting to Cuba, operated in a manner not inconsistent with the broad foreign policy of the United States and in accordance with high professional standards, would be in the national interest; and
(4) that the Voice of America already broadcasts to Cuba information that represents America, not any single segment of American society, and includes a balanced and comprehensive projection of significant American thought and institutions but that there is a need for broadcasts to Cuba which provide news, commentary and other information about events in Cuba and elsewhere to promote the cause of freedom in Cuba.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1465
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-1465-congressional-findings-and-declaration-of-purposes--cec16dba75.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 18, § 1465; chapter-018-united-states-information-and-educational-exchange-programs.md
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The Congress finds and declares—
(1) that it is the policy of the United States to support the right of the people of Cuba to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers, in accordance with article 19 of Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
(2) that, consonant with this policy, radio broadcasting to Cuba may be effective in furthering the open communication of accurate information and ideas to the people of Cuba, in particular information about Cuba;
(3) that such broadcasting to Cuba, operated in a manner not inconsistent with the broad foreign policy of the United States and in accordance with high professional standards, would be in the national interest; and
(4) that the Voice of America already broadcasts to Cuba information that represents America, not any single segment of American society, and includes a balanced and comprehensive projection of significant American thought and institutions but that there is a need for broadcasts to Cuba which provide news, commentary and other information about events in Cuba and elsewhere to promote the cause of freedom in Cuba.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress declares that the objectives of this chapter are to enable the Government of the United States to promote a better understanding of the United States in other countries, and to increase mutual understanding between the people of the United States and the people of other countries. Among the means to be used in achieving these objectives are—
(1) an information service to disseminate abroad information about the United States, its people, and policies promulgated by the Congress, the President, the Secretary of State and other responsible officials of Government having to do with matters affecting foreign affairs;
(2) Repealed. Pub. L. 87–256, § 111(a)(2), Sept. 21, 1961, 75 Stat. 538.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1431
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Dissemination of information abroad** The Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors are authorized to use funds appropriated or otherwise made available for public diplomacy information programs to provide for the preparation, dissemination, and use of information intended for foreign audiences abroad about the United States, its people, and its policies, through press, publications, radio, motion pictures, the Internet, and other information media, including social media, and through information centers, instructors, and other direct or indirect means of communication.
**(b) Dissemination of information within the United States**
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors may, upon request and reimbursement of the reasonable costs incurred in fulfilling such a request, make available, in the United States, motion pictures, films, video, audio, and other materials disseminated abroad pursuant to this chapter, the United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 ([22 U.S.C. 6201](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6201&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), or the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). Any reimbursement pursuant to this paragraph shall be credited to the applicable appropriation account of the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors, as appropriate. The Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall issue necessary regulations—
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1461
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** No funds authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall be used to influence public opinion in the United States. This section shall apply only to programs carried out pursuant to the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 ([22 U.S.C. 1431](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1431&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 ([22 U.S.C. 6201](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6201&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), and the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). This section shall not prohibit or delay the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors from providing information about its operations, policies, programs, or program material, or making such available, to the media, public, or Congress, in accordance with other applicable law.
**(b) Rule of construction** Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors from engaging in any medium or form of communication, either directly or indirectly, because a United States domestic audience is or may be thereby exposed to program material, or based on a presumption of such exposure. Such material may be made available within the United States and disseminated, when appropriate, pursuant to sections 502 and 1005 of the United State
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1461–1a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Radio broadcasting to Cuba** In order to carry out the objectives set forth in [section 1465 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim), the Broadcasting Board of Governors (hereafter in this subchapter referred to as the “Board”) shall provide for the open communication of information and ideas through the use of radio broadcasting to Cuba. Radio broadcasting to Cuba shall serve as a consistently reliable and authoritative source of accurate, objective, and comprehensive news.
**(b) Broadcasting as part of Voice of America** Radio broadcasting in accordance with subsection (a) shall be part of the Voice of America radio broadcasting to Cuba and shall be in accordance with all Voice of America standards to ensure the broadcast of programs which are objective, accurate, balanced, and which present a variety of views.
**(c) Location of broadcast facilities; frequency; leased time from nongovernmental shortwave stations** Radio broadcasting to Cuba authorized by this subchapter shall utilize the broadcasting facilities located at Marathon, Florida, and the 1180 AM frequency that were used by the Voice of America prior to October 4, 1983. Other frequencies, not on the commercial Amplitude Modulation (AM) Band (535 kHz to 1605 kHz), may also be simultaneously utilized: Provided, That no frequency shall be used for radio broadcasts to Cuba in accordance with this subchapter which is not also used for all other Voice of America broadcasts to Cuba. Time leased from nongovernmental shortwave radio stations may be used to carry all or part of the Service programs and to rebroadcast Service programs: Provided, That not less than 30 per centum of the programs broadcast or rebroadcast shall be regular
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1465a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** In order to assist the Broadcasting Board of Governors in carrying out the purposes set forth in [section 1465 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim), any agency or instrumentality of the United States may sell, loan, lease, or grant property (including interests therein) and may perform administrative and technical support and services at the request of the Board. Support and services shall be provided on a reimbursable basis. Any reimbursement shall be credited to the appropriation from which the property, support, or services was derived.
**(b)** The Board may carry out the purposes of [section 1465a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465a&num=0&edition=prelim) by means of grants, leases, or contracts (subject to the availability of appropriations), or such other means as the Board determines will be most effective.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1465d
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Conversion to UHF** The Director of the International Broadcasting Bureau shall implement a conversion of television broadcasting to Cuba under the Television Marti Service to ultra high frequency (UHF) broadcasting.
**(b) Periodic reports** Not later than 45 days after March 12, 1996, and every three months thereafter until the conversion described in subsection (a) is fully implemented, the Director of the International Broadcasting Bureau shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees on the progress made in carrying out subsection (a).
**(c) Termination of broadcasting authorities** Upon transmittal of a determination under [section 6063(c)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6063/c/3&num=0&edition=prelim), the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) and following) and the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) and following) are repealed.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6041
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorities** The Chief Executive Officer shall have the following authorities:
(1) To supervise all broadcasting activities conducted pursuant to this chapter, the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act [[22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.],,11 So in original. the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act [[22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], and Worldnet Television, except as provided in [section 6205(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6205/b&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) To review and evaluate the mission and operation of, and to assess the quality, effectiveness, and professional integrity of, all such activities within the context of the broad foreign policy objectives of the United States.
(3) To ensure that United States international broadcasting is conducted in accordance with the standards and principles contained in [section 6202 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6202&num=0&edition=prelim).
(4) To review, evaluate, and determine, at least annually, after consultation with the Secretary of State, the addition or deletion of language services.
(5) To make and supervise grants and cooperative agreements for broadcasting and related activities in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter and on behalf of other agencies, accordingly.
(6) To allocate funds appropriated for international broadcasting activities among the various elements of the Agency and grantees, subject to reprogramming notification requirements in law for the reallocation of funds.
(7) To review en
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6204
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 367
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 1465
for ‘‘Director of the United States Information Agen-
cy’’ after ‘‘statement by the’’ and for ‘‘United States
Information Agency’’ after ‘‘available to the’’.
Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 105–277, § 1335(a)(1)(B), sub-
stituted
‘‘Broadcasting
Board
of
Governors’’
for
‘‘United States Information Agency’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
CHANGE OF NAME
Broadcasting Board of Governors renamed United
States Agency for Global Media pursuant to section
6204(a)(21) of this title. The renaming was effectuated
by notice to congressional appropriations committees
dated May 24, 2018, and became effective Aug. 22, 2018.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1998 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 1, 1999,
see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effec-
tive Date note under section 6531 of this title.
TELEVISION SERVICE OF USIA
Pub. L. 100–204, title II, § 207, Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat.
1374, which provided that the television and film serv-
ice of the United States Information Agency was to op-
erate under same criteria and conditions as specified
for Voice of America by section 1463 of this title, was
repealed by Pub. L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII,
§ 1336(7), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–790.
§ 1464b. Voice of America hiring practices
(a) Prohibition
After February 16, 1990, the Voice of America
shall not select candidates for employment who
must be or are preapproved for employment at
the Voice of America by a foreign government
or an entity controlled by a foreign government.
(b) Exception
The prohibition referred to in this section
shall not apply to—
(1) participants in the Voice of America’s ex-
change programs; or
(2) clerical, technical, or maintenance staff
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 1465
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