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49 U.S.C. § 48101 — Air navigation facilities and equipment
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Authorization of Appropriations.—** Not more than a total of the following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 ([26 U.S.C. 9502](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section9502&num=0&edition=prelim)) to acquire, establish, and improve air navigation facilities under [section 44502(a)(1)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section44502/a/1/A&num=0&edition=prelim):
(1) $3,191,250,000 for fiscal year 2024.
(2) $3,575,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
(3) $3,625,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(4) $3,675,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
(5) $3,725,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.
**(b) Availability of Amounts.—** Amounts appropriated under this section remain available until expended.
**(c) Authorized Expenditures.—** Of the amounts appropriated under subsection (a), such sums as may be necessary may be used for the following:
(1) The implementation and use of upgrades to the current automated surface observation system/automated weather observing system, if the upgrade is successfully demonstrated.
(2) The acquisition and construction of remote towers (as defined in section 161 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018).
(3) The remediation and elimination of identified cybersecurity vulnerabilities in the air traffic control system.
(4) The construction of facilities dedicated to improving the cybersecurity of the National Airspace System.
(5) Systems associated with the Data Communications program.
(6) The infrastructure, sustainment, and the elimination of the deferred maintenance backlog of air navigation facilities and other facilities for
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_981a75d8b9ec19da22592e3a
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-49/section-48101-air-navigation-facilities-and-equipment--505fce7b4d.md
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Source location: Title 49, Chapter 481, § 48101; chapter-481-airport-and-airway-trust-fund-authorizations.md
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**(a) General Authorization of Appropriations.—** Not more than a total of the following amounts may be appropriated to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 ([26 U.S.C. 9502](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section9502&num=0&edition=prelim)) to acquire, establish, and improve air navigation facilities under [section 44502(a)(1)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section44502/a/1/A&num=0&edition=prelim):
(1) $3,191,250,000 for fiscal year 2024.
(2) $3,575,000,000 for fiscal year 2025.
(3) $3,625,000,000 for fiscal year 2026.
(4) $3,675,000,000 for fiscal year 2027.
(5) $3,725,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.
**(b) Availability of Amounts.—** Amounts appropriated under this section remain available until expended.
**(c) Authorized Expenditures.—** Of the amounts appropriated under subsection (a), such sums as may be necessary may be used for the following:
(1) The implementation and use of upgrades to the current automated surface observation system/automated weather observing system, if the upgrade is successfully demonstrated.
(2) The acquisition and construction of remote towers (as defined in section 161 of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018).
(3) The remediation and elimination of identified cybersecurity vulnerabilities in the air traffic control system.
(4) The construction of facilities dedicated to improving the cybersecurity of the National Airspace System.
(5) Systems associated with the Data Communications program.
(6) The infrastructure, sustainment, and the elimination of the deferred maintenance backlog of air navigation facilities and other facilities for which the Federal Aviation Administration is responsible.
(7) The modernization and digitization of the Civil Aviation Registry.
(8) The construction of necessary Priority 1 National Airspace System facilities.
(9) Cost-beneficial construction, rehabilitation, or retrofitting programs designed to reduce Federal Aviation Administration facility operating costs.
**(d) Life-Cycle Cost Estimates.—** The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall establish life-cycle cost estimates for any air traffic control modernization project the total life-cycle costs of which equal or exceed $50,000,000.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The Federal Aviation Administration is an administration in the Department of Transportation.
**(b) Administration Leadership.—**
(1) **Administrator.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The head of the Administration is the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
(B) *Qualifications.—* — The Administrator shall—
(i) be a citizen of the United States;
(ii) not be an active duty member of the Armed Forces;
(iii) not have retired from the Armed Forces within the 7 years preceding nomination; and
(iv) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation.
(C) *Fitness.—* — In appointing an individual as Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of such individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office.
(D) *Term of office.—* — The term of office for any individual appointed as Administrator shall be 5 years.
(E) *Reporting chain.—* — Except as provided in subsection (f) or in other provisions of law, the Administrator reports directly to the Secretary of Transportation.
(2) **Deputy administrator.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The Administrator has a Deputy Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President.
(B) *Qualifications.—* — The Deputy Administrator shall—
(i) be a citizen of the United States; and
(ii) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation.
(C) *Fitness.—* — In appointing an individual as Deputy Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of the individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office, including the duty to act for the Administrator when the Administrator is absent or unable to s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 106
Stored review status: release_metadata_unconfirmed. Explicit cross-reference supplied in source Markdown; currentness and applicability require review.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Creation of Trust Fund**
(1) **In general** — There is established in the Treasury of the United States a trust fund to be known as the “Black Lung Disability Trust Fund”, consisting of such amounts as may be appropriated or credited to the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund.
(2) **Trustees** — The trustees of the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund shall be the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Labor, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
**(b) Transfer of certain taxes; other receipts**
(1) **Transfer to Black Lung Disability Trust Fund of amounts equivalent to certain taxes** — There are hereby appropriated to the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund amounts equivalent to the taxes received in the Treasury under section 4121 or subchapter B of chapter 42.
(2) **Certain repaid amounts, etc.** — The following amounts shall be credited to the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund:
(A) Amounts repaid or recovered under subsection (b) of section 424 of the Black Lung Benefits Act (including interest thereon).
(B) Amounts paid as fines or penalties, or interest thereon, under section 423, 431, or 432 of the Black Lung Benefits Act.
(C) Amounts paid into the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund by a trust described in section 501(c)(21).
**(c) Repayable advances**
(1) **Authorization** — There are authorized to be appropriated to the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund, as repayable advances, such sums as may from time to time be necessary to make the expenditures described in subsection (d).
(2) **Repayment with interest** — Repayable advances made to the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund shall be repaid, and interest on such advances shall be paid, to the general fund of the Treasury when the Secretary of the Treasury determines that moneys are availa
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 26 U.S.C. § 9502
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Authority.—** To maintain a safe and efficient nationwide system of public-use airports that meets the present and future needs of civil aeronautics, the Secretary of Transportation may make project grants under this subchapter from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund.
**(b) Incurring Obligations.—** The Secretary may incur obligations to make grants from amounts made available under [section 48103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section48103&num=0&edition=prelim) as soon as the amounts are apportioned under section 47114(c) and (d)(2) of this title.
**(c) Expiration of Authority.—** After September 30, 2028, the Secretary may not incur obligations under subsection (b) of this section, except for obligations of amounts—
(1) remaining available after that date under [section 47117(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section47117/b&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(2) recovered by the United States Government from grants made under this chapter if the amounts are obligated only for increases under section 47108(b)(2) and (3) of this title in the maximum amount of obligations of the Government for any other grant made under this title.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47104
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Authority.—**
(1) The Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration may—
(A) acquire, establish, improve, operate, and maintain air navigation facilities; and
(B) provide facilities and personnel to regulate and protect air traffic.
(2) The cost of site preparation work associated with acquiring, establishing, or improving an air navigation facility under paragraph (1)(A) of this subsection shall be charged to amounts available for that purpose appropriated under [section 48101(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section48101/a&num=0&edition=prelim). The Secretary of Transportation may make an agreement with an airport owner or sponsor (as defined in [section 47102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section47102&num=0&edition=prelim)) so that the owner or sponsor will provide the work and be paid or reimbursed by the Secretary from the appropriated amounts.
(3) The Secretary of Transportation may authorize a department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government to carry out any duty or power under this subsection with the consent of the head of the department, agency, or instrumentality.
(4) **Purchase of instrument landing system.—**
(A) *Establishment of program.—* — The Secretary shall purchase precision approach instrument landing system equipment for installation at airports on an expedited basis.
(B) *Authorization.—* — No less than $30,000,000 of the amounts appropriated under section 48101(a) for each of fiscal years 2000 through 2002 shall be used for the purpose of carrying out this paragraph, including acquisition under new or existing contracts, site preparation work, installation, and related expenditures.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 44502
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 4114
TITLE 26—INTERNAL REVENUE CODE
§ 9502
made from the Black Lung Disability Trust Fund es-
tablished by section 3(a) of the Black Lung Benefits
Revenue Act of 1977 [former section 934a(a) of Title 30,
Mineral Lands and Mining], the provisions of the Act
relating to the payment of benefits to miners and to el-
igible survivors of miners, as in effect immediately be-
fore the date of the enactment of this Act [Mar. 1, 1978],
shall take effect, as rules and regulations of the Sec-
retary of Labor until such provisions are revoked,
amended, or revised by law. The Secretary of Labor
may promulgate additional rules and regulations to
carry out such provisions and shall make benefit pay-
ments to miners and to eligible survivors of miners in
accordance with such provisions.’’
§ 9502. Airport and Airway Trust Fund
(a) Creation of Trust Fund
There is established in the Treasury of the
United States a trust fund to be known as the
‘‘Airport and Airway Trust Fund’’, consisting of
such amounts as may be appropriated, credited,
or paid into the Airport and Airway Trust Fund
as provided in this section, section 9503(c)(5), or
section 9602(b).
(b) Transfers to Airport and Airway Trust Fund
There are hereby appropriated to the Airport
and Airway Trust Fund amounts equivalent to—
(1) the taxes received in the Treasury
under—
(A) section 4041(c) (relating to aviation
fuels),
(B) section 4043 (relating to surtax on fuel
used in aircraft part of a fractional owner-
ship program),
(C) sections 4261 and 4271 (relating to
transportation by air), and
(D) section 4081 with respect to aviation
gasoline and kerosene to the extent attrib-
utable to the rate specified in section
4081(a)(2)(C), and
(2) the amounts determined by the Secretary
of the Treasury to be
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 26 U.S.C. § 9502
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. The source passage cites 26 U.S.C. § 9502. This identifies an authority to review, not proof of applicability.
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1704
TITLE 49—TRANSPORTATION
§ 47534
§ 47534. Prohibition on operating certain aircraft
weighing 75,000 pounds or less not com-
plying with stage 3 noise levels
(a) PROHIBITION.—Except as otherwise provided
by this section, after December 31, 2015, a person
may not operate a civil subsonic jet airplane
with a maximum weight of 75,000 pounds or less,
and for which an airworthiness certificate (other
than an experimental certificate) has been
issued, to or from an airport in the United
States unless the Secretary of Transportation
finds that the aircraft complies with stage 3
noise levels.
(b) AIRCRAFT OPERATIONS OUTSIDE 48 CONTIG-
UOUS STATES.—Subsection (a) shall not apply to
aircraft operated only outside the 48 contiguous
States.
(c) TEMPORARY
OPERATIONS.—The Secretary
may allow temporary operation of an aircraft
otherwise prohibited from operation under sub-
section (a) to or from an airport in the contig-
uous United States by granting a special flight
authorization for one or more of the following
circumstances:
(1) To sell, lease, or use the aircraft outside
the 48 contiguous States.
(2) To scrap the aircraft.
(3) To obtain modifications to the aircraft to
meet stage 3 noise levels.
(4) To perform scheduled heavy maintenance
or significant modifications on the aircraft at
a maintenance facility located in the contig-
uous 48 States.
(5) To deliver the aircraft to an operator
leasing the aircraft from the owner or return
the aircraft to the lessor.
(6) To prepare, park, or store the aircraft in
anticipation of any of the activities described
in paragraphs (1) through (5).
(7) To provide transport of persons and goods
in the relief of an emergency situation.
(8) To divert the aircraft to an alternative
airport in the 48 cont
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 49 U.S.C. § 48101
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.