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49 U.S.C. § 47104 — Project grant authority
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Authority.—** To maintain a safe and efficient nationwide system of public-use airports that meets the present and future needs of civil aeronautics, the Secretary of Transportation may make project grants under this subchapter from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund.
**(b) Incurring Obligations.—** The Secretary may incur obligations to make grants from amounts made available under [section 48103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section48103&num=0&edition=prelim) as soon as the amounts are apportioned under section 47114(c) and (d)(2) of this title.
**(c) Expiration of Authority.—** After September 30, 2028, the Secretary may not incur obligations under subsection (b) of this section, except for obligations of amounts—
(1) remaining available after that date under [section 47117(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section47117/b&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(2) recovered by the United States Government from grants made under this chapter if the amounts are obligated only for increases under section 47108(b)(2) and (3) of this title in the maximum amount of obligations of the Government for any other grant made under this title.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47104
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_ecdc0704ba73c38774c08393
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-49/section-47104-project-grant-authority--201f8e2511.md
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Source location: Title 49, Chapter 471, § 47104; chapter-471-airport-development.md
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**(a) General Authority.—** To maintain a safe and efficient nationwide system of public-use airports that meets the present and future needs of civil aeronautics, the Secretary of Transportation may make project grants under this subchapter from the Airport and Airway Trust Fund.
**(b) Incurring Obligations.—** The Secretary may incur obligations to make grants from amounts made available under [section 48103 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section48103&num=0&edition=prelim) as soon as the amounts are apportioned under section 47114(c) and (d)(2) of this title.
**(c) Expiration of Authority.—** After September 30, 2028, the Secretary may not incur obligations under subsection (b) of this section, except for obligations of amounts—
(1) remaining available after that date under [section 47117(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section47117/b&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(2) recovered by the United States Government from grants made under this chapter if the amounts are obligated only for increases under section 47108(b)(2) and (3) of this title in the maximum amount of obligations of the Government for any other grant made under this title.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The national objectives of general welfare, economic growth and stability, and security of the United States require the development of transportation policies and programs that contribute to providing fast, safe, efficient, and convenient transportation at the lowest cost consistent with those and other national objectives, including the efficient use and conservation of the resources of the United States.
**(b)** A Department of Transportation is necessary in the public interest and to—
(1) ensure the coordinated and effective administration of the transportation programs of the United States Government;
(2) make easier the development and improvement of coordinated transportation service to be provided by private enterprise to the greatest extent feasible;
(3) encourage cooperation of Federal, State, and local governments, carriers, labor, and other interested persons to achieve transportation objectives;
(4) stimulate technological advances in transportation, through research and development or otherwise;
(5) provide general leadership in identifying and solving transportation problems; and
(6) develop and recommend to the President and Congress transportation policies and programs to achieve transportation objectives considering the needs of the public, users, carriers, industry, labor, and national defense.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this subchapter—
(1) “air carrier” has the meaning given such term in section 40102.
(2) “airport”—
(A) means—
(i) an area of land or water used or intended to be used for the landing and taking off of aircraft;
(ii) an appurtenant area used or intended to be used for airport buildings or other airport facilities or rights of way; and
(iii) airport buildings and facilities located in any of those areas; and
(B) includes a heliport.
(3) “airport development” means the following activities, if undertaken by the sponsor, owner, or operator of a public-use airport:
(A) constructing, repairing, or improving a public-use airport, including—
(i) removing, lowering, relocating, marking, and lighting an airport hazard;
(ii) preparing a plan or specification, including carrying out a field investigation; and
(iii) a secondary runway at a nonhub airport that is equivalent in size and type to the primary runway of such airport.
(B) acquiring for, or installing at, a public-use airport—
(i) a navigation aid or another aid (including a precision approach system) used by aircraft for landing at or taking off from the airport, including preparing the site as required by the acquisition or installation;
(ii) safety or security equipment, including explosive detection devices, universal access systems, and emergency call boxes, the Secretary requires by regulation for, or approves as contributing significantly to, the safety or security of individuals and property at the airport and integrated in-pavement lighting systems for runways and taxiways and other runway and taxiway incursion prevention devices;
(iii) equipment to remove snow, to measure runway surface friction, or for aviation-related weather reporting, including cl
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The Federal Aviation Administration is an administration in the Department of Transportation.
**(b) Administration Leadership.—**
(1) **Administrator.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The head of the Administration is the Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
(B) *Qualifications.—* — The Administrator shall—
(i) be a citizen of the United States;
(ii) not be an active duty member of the Armed Forces;
(iii) not have retired from the Armed Forces within the 7 years preceding nomination; and
(iv) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation.
(C) *Fitness.—* — In appointing an individual as Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of such individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office.
(D) *Term of office.—* — The term of office for any individual appointed as Administrator shall be 5 years.
(E) *Reporting chain.—* — Except as provided in subsection (f) or in other provisions of law, the Administrator reports directly to the Secretary of Transportation.
(2) **Deputy administrator.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The Administrator has a Deputy Administrator, who shall be appointed by the President.
(B) *Qualifications.—* — The Deputy Administrator shall—
(i) be a citizen of the United States; and
(ii) have experience in organizational management and a field directly related to aviation.
(C) *Fitness.—* — In appointing an individual as Deputy Administrator, the President shall consider the fitness of the individual to carry out efficiently the duties and powers of the office, including the duty to act for the Administrator when the Administrator is absent or unable to s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 106
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** There shall be available to the Secretary of Transportation out of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund established under section 9502 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to make grants for airport planning and airport development under section 47104, airport noise compatibility planning under section 47505(a)(2), and carrying out noise compatibility programs under section 47504(c)—
(1) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2018;
(2) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2019;
(3) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2020;
(4) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2021;
(5) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2022;
(6) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2023;
(7) $3,350,000,000 for fiscal year 2024;
(8) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2025;
(9) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2026;
(10) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and
(11) $4,000,000,000 for fiscal year 2028.
**(b) Availability of Amounts.—** Amounts made available under subsection (a) shall remain available until expended.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 48103
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Married individuals filing joint returns and surviving spouses** There is hereby imposed on the taxable income of—
(1) every married individual (as defined in section 7703) who makes a single return jointly with his spouse under section 6013, and
(2) every surviving spouse (as defined in section 2(a)),
a tax determined in accordance with the following table: If taxable income is:The tax is: Not over $36,90015% of taxable income. Over $36,900 but not over $89,150$5,535, plus 28% of the excess over $36,900. Over $89,150 but not over $140,000$20,165, plus 31% of the excess over $89,150. Over $140,000 but not over $250,000$35,928.50, plus 36% of the excess over $140,000. Over $250,000$75,528.50, plus 39.6% of the excess over $250,000.
**(b) Heads of households** There is hereby imposed on the taxable income of every head of a household (as defined in section 2(b)) a tax determined in accordance with the following table: If taxable income is:The tax is: Not over $29,60015% of taxable income. Over $29,600 but not over $76,400$4,440, plus 28% of the excess over $29,600. Over $76,400 but not over $127,500$17,544, plus 31% of the excess over $76,400. Over $127,500 but not over $250,000$33,385, plus 36% of the excess over $127,500. Over $250,000$77,485, plus 39.6% of the excess over $250,000.
**(c) Unmarried individuals (other than surviving spouses and heads of households)** There is hereby imposed on the taxable income of every individual (other than a surviving spouse as defined in section 2(a) or the head of a household as defined in section 2(b)) who is not a married individual (as defined in section 7703) a tax determined in accordance with the following table: If taxable income is:The tax is: Not over $22,10015% of taxable income. Over $22,100 but not over $53,50
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 26 U.S.C. § 1
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Project Grant Application Approval.—** The Secretary of Transportation may approve an application under this subchapter for a project grant only if the Secretary is satisfied that—
(1) the project is consistent with plans (existing at the time the project is approved) of public agencies authorized by the State in which the airport is located to plan for the development of the area surrounding the airport;
(2) the project will contribute to carrying out this subchapter;
(3) enough money is available to pay the project costs that will not be paid by the United States Government under this subchapter;
(4) the project will be completed without unreasonable delay;
(5) the sponsor has authority to carry out the project as proposed;
(6) if the project is for an airport that has an airport master plan that includes the project, the master plan addresses issues relating to solid waste recycling at the airport, including—
(A) the feasibility of solid waste recycling at the airport;
(B) minimizing the generation of solid waste at the airport;
(C) operation and maintenance requirements;
(D) the review of waste management contracts; and
(E) the potential for cost savings or the generation of revenue; and
(7) if the project is at an airport that is listed as having an unclassified status under the most recent national plan of integrated airport systems (as described in section 47103), the project will be funded with an amount appropriated under section 47114(d)(2)(B) and is—
(A) for maintenance of the pavement of the primary runway;
(B) for obstruction removal for the primary runway;
(C) for the rehabilitation of the primary runway; or
(D) for a project that the Secretary considers necessary for the safe operation of the airport.
**(b) Airport
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47106
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Written Assurances.—** The Secretary of Transportation may approve a project grant application under this subchapter for an airport development project only if the Secretary receives written assurances, satisfactory to the Secretary, that—
(1) the airport will be available for public use on reasonable conditions and without unjust discrimination;
(2) air carriers making similar use of the airport will be subject to substantially comparable charges—
(A) for facilities directly and substantially related to providing air transportation; and
(B) regulations and conditions, except for differences based on reasonable classifications, such as between—
(i) tenants and nontenants; and
(ii) signatory and nonsignatory carriers;
(3) the airport operator will not withhold unreasonably the classification or status of tenant or signatory from an air carrier that assumes obligations substantially similar to those already imposed on air carriers of that classification or status;
(4) a person providing, or intending to provide, aeronautical services to the public will not be given an exclusive right to use the airport, with a right given to only one fixed-base operator to provide services at an airport deemed not to be an exclusive right if—
(A) the right would be unreasonably costly, burdensome, or impractical for more than one fixed-base operator to provide the services; and
(B) allowing more than one fixed-base operator to provide the services would require reducing the space leased under an existing agreement between the one fixed-base operator and the airport owner or operator;
(5) fixed-base operators similarly using the airport will be subject to the same charges;
(6) an air carrier using the airport may service itself or use any fixed-bas
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47107
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Requirements.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall designate current or former military airports for which grants may be made under [section 47117(e)(1)(B) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section47117/e/1/B&num=0&edition=prelim). The maximum number of airports bearing such designation at any time is 15. The Secretary may only so designate an airport (other than an airport so designated before August 24, 1994) if—
(1) the airport is a former military installation closed or realigned under—
(A) [section 2687 of title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2687&num=0&edition=prelim);
(B) section 201 of the Defense Authorization Amendments and Base Closure and Realignment Act ([10 U.S.C. 2687](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2687&num=0&edition=prelim) note); or
(C) section 2905 of the Defense Base Closure and Realignment Act of 1990 ([10 U.S.C. 2687](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section2687&num=0&edition=prelim) note);
(2) the airport is a military installation with both military and civil aircraft operations; or
(3) the airport is—
(A) a former military installation that, at any time after December 31, 1965, was owned and operated by the Department of Defense; and
(B) a nonhub primary airport.
**(b) Survey.—** Not later than September 30, 1991, the Secretary shall complete a survey of current and former military airports to identify which airports have the greatest potential to improve the capacity of the national air transportation system. The survey shall identify the capital development needs of those airports to make them part of the system and which of those
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47118
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Government Relief From Liability.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall ensure that an agreement under this subchapter with a qualified entity (as determined by the Secretary), State, or a political subdivision of a State to allow the entity, State, or subdivision to operate an airport facility relieves the United States Government from any liability arising out of, or related to, acts or omissions of employees of the entity, State, or subdivision in operating the airport facility.
**(b) Air Traffic Control Contract Program.—**
(1) **Contract tower program.—**
(A) *Continuation.—* — The Secretary shall continue the low activity (Visual Flight Rules) level I air traffic control tower contract program established under subsection (a) of this section for towers existing on December 30, 1987, and extend the program to other towers as practicable.
(B) *Special rule.—* — If the Secretary determines that a tower already operating under the Contract Tower Program has a benefit-to-cost ratio of less than 1.0, the airport sponsor or State or local government having jurisdiction over the airport shall not be required to pay the portion of the costs that exceeds the benefit—
(i) for the 1-year period after such determination is made; or
(ii) if an appeal of such determination is requested, for the 1-year period described in subsection (d)(4)(D).
(C) *Use of excess funds.—* — If the Secretary finds that all or part of an amount made available to carry out the program continued under this paragraph is not required during a fiscal year, the Secretary may use, during such fiscal year, the amount not so required to carry out the Cost-share Program.
(2) **General authority.—**
(A) *In general.—* — The Secretary may make a contract with a qualified entity
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47124
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Requirements.—** The national aviation noise policy established under [section 47523 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section47523&num=0&edition=prelim) shall provide for establishing by regulation a national program for reviewing airport noise and access restrictions on the operation of stage 2 and stage 3 aircraft. The program shall provide for adequate public notice and opportunity for comment on the restrictions.
**(b) Stage 2 Aircraft.—** Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, an airport noise or access restriction may include a restriction on the operation of stage 2 aircraft proposed after October 1, 1990, only if the airport operator publishes the proposed restriction and prepares and makes available for public comment at least 180 days before the effective date of the proposed restriction—
(1) an analysis of the anticipated or actual costs and benefits of the existing or proposed restriction;
(2) a description of alternative restrictions;
(3) a description of the alternative measures considered that do not involve aircraft restrictions; and
(4) a comparison of the costs and benefits of the alternative measures to the costs and benefits of the proposed restriction.
**(c) Stage 3 Aircraft.—**
(1) Except as provided in subsection (d) of this section, an airport noise or access restriction on the operation of stage 3 aircraft not in effect on October 1, 1990, may become effective only if the restriction has been agreed to by the airport proprietor and all aircraft operators or has been submitted to and approved by the Secretary of Transportation after an airport or aircraft operator’s request for approval as provided by the program established under this section. Restrictions to
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 47524
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