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7 U.S.C. § 3221 — Extension at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 3221 — Extension at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_89f3be972901557ce0d126de
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-7/section-3221-extension-at-1890-land-grant-colleges-including-tuskegee-university--0b1c0dfd71.md
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Source location: Title 7, Chapter 64, § 3221; chapter-064-agricultural-research-extension-and-teaching.md

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**(a) Authorization of appropriations** (1) **In general** — There are hereby authorized to be appropriated annually such sums as Congress may determine necessary to support continuing agricultural and forestry extension at colleges eligible to receive funds under the Act of August 30, 1890 (26 Stat. 417–419, as amended; [7 U.S.C. 321–326](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section321–326&num=0&edition=prelim) and 328), including Tuskegee University (hereinafter in this section referred to as “eligible institutions”). (2) **Minimum amount** — Beginning with fiscal year 2003, there shall be appropriated under this section for each fiscal year an amount that is not less than 20 percent of the total appropriations for such year under the Act of May 8, 1914 ([7 U.S.C. 341](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section341&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), and related acts pertaining to cooperative extension work at the land-grant institutions identified in the Act of May 8, 1914 (38 Stat. 372, chapter 79; [7 U.S.C. 341](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section341&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), except that for the purpose of this calculation, the total appropriations shall not include amounts made available under section 3(d) of that Act ([7 U.S.C. 343(d)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section343/d&num=0&edition=prelim)). (3) **Uses** — Funds appropriated under this section shall be used for expenses of conducting extension programs and activities, and for contributing to the retirement of employees subject to the provisions of [section 331 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section331&num=0&edition=prelim). **(b) Distribution of funds** (1) **In general** — Funds made available under this section shall be distributed among eligible institutions in accordance with this subsection. (2) **Base amount** — Any funds annually appropriated under this section up to the amount appropriated for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1978, pursuant to [section 343(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section343/d&num=0&edition=prelim), for eligible institutions, shall be allocated among the eligible institutions in the same proportion as funds appropriated under [section 343(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section343/d&num=0&edition=prelim) for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1978, were allocated among the eligible institutions, as so designated as of that date. (3) **Additional amount** — Any funds appropriated annually under this section in excess of an amount equal to the amount appropriated under [section 343(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section343/d&num=0&edition=prelim), for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1978, for eligible institutions, shall be distributed as follows: (A) A sum equal to 4 per centum of the total amount appropriated each fiscal year under this section shall be allotted to the National Institute of Food and Agriculture of the Department of Agriculture for administrative, technical, and other services, and for coordinating the extension work of the Department of Agriculture and the several States. (B) Except as provided in paragraph (4), of the remainder, 20 per centum shall be allotted among the eligible institutions in equal proportions; 40 per centum shall be allotted among the eligible institutions in the proportion that the rural population of the State in which each eligible institution is located bears to the total rural population of all the States in which eligible institutions are located, as determined by the last preceding decennial census current at the time each such additional sum is first appropriated; and the balance shall be allotted among the eligible institutions in the proportion that the farm population of the State in which each eligible institution is located bears to the total farm population of all the States in which the eligible institutions are located, as determined by the last preceding decennial census current at the time each such additional sum is first appropriated. (C) In computing the distribution of funds allocated under this paragraph, the allotments to Tuskegee University and Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University shall be determined as if each institution were in a separate State. (4) **Special amounts** (A) *Definitions* — In this paragraph: (i) *Covered fiscal year* — The term “covered fiscal year” means the fiscal year for which the qualified eligible institution first received an allocation of $3,000,000 under subparagraph (B)(i). (ii) *Other eligible institution* — The term “other eligible institution” means an eligible institution, other than the qualified eligible institution, receiving an allocation of funds under this section. (iii) *Qualified eligible institution* — The term “qualified eligible institution” means the eligible institution described in subparagraph (B)(i). (B) *Fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022* (i) *In general* — Subject to clause (ii), for 1 of fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, if the calculation under paragraph (3)(B) would result in a distribution for a fiscal year of less than $3,000,000 to an eligible institution that first received funds under this section on a date occurring after February 7, 2014, and before September 30, 2018, that institution shall receive an allocation of $3,000,000 for that fiscal year. (ii) *Limitation* — Clause (i) shall apply only if amounts are appropriated under this section in an amount sufficient to provide that each other eligible institution receiving an allocation of funds under this section for fiscal year 2019, 2020, 2021, or 2022, as applicable, receives not less than the amount of funds received by that other eligible institution under this section for the preceding fiscal year. (C) *Subsequent fiscal years* (i) *Minimum additional funding amounts* — Subject to clauses (ii) and (iii), for each fiscal year following the covered fiscal year— (I) the qualified eligible institution shall receive an allocation under this subsection of at least $3,000,000; and (II) each other eligible institution shall receive an allocation under this subsection of at least the amount received by such other eligible institution under this subsection for the covered fiscal year. (ii) *Shortfall of special amounts* (I) *Applicability* — This clause shall apply to any fiscal year following the covered fiscal year and for which the total amount appropriated under this section is insufficient to provide for the minimum additional funding amounts described in clause (i). (II) *Reductions in allocations* — In the case of a fiscal year to which this clause applies, reductions in allocations shall be made proportionally from the qualified eligible institution and from each other eligible institution based on the increased amounts (if any) that the qualified eligible institution and each other eligible institution were allocated for the covered fiscal year as compared to the fiscal year immediately preceding the covered fiscal year. (iii) *Effect of census* — Clauses (i) and (ii) shall not apply in any fiscal year for which a shortfall in the minimum additional funding amounts described in clause (i) is attributable to the incorporation of new census data into the calculation under paragraph (3), as determined by the Secretary. **(c) Comprehensive program of extension for each State** The State director of the cooperative extension service and the extension administrator at the eligible institution in each State where an eligible institution is located shall jointly develop, by mutual agreement, a comprehensive program of extension for such State to be submitted for approval by the Secretary within one year after September 29, 1977 and each five years thereafter. **(d) Ascertainment of entitlement to funds; time and manner of payment; State reporting requirements; plans of work** (1) **Ascertainment of entitlement** — On or about the first day of October in each year after September 29, 1977, the Secretary shall ascertain whether each eligible institution is entitled to receive its share of the annual appropriation for extension work under this section and the amount which it is entitled to receive. Before the funds herein provided shall become available to any eligible institution for any fiscal year, plans for the work to be carried out under this section shall be submitted, as part of the State plan of work, and approved by the Secretary. (2) **Time and manner of payment; related reports** — The amount to which an eligible institution is entitled shall be paid in equal quarterly payments on or about October 1, January 1, April 1, and July 1 of each year to the treasurer or other officer of the eligible institution duly authorized to receive such payments and such officer shall be required to report to the Secretary on or about the first day of December of each year a detailed statement of the amount so received during the previous fiscal year and its disbursement, on forms prescribed by the Secretary. (3) **Requirements related to plan of work** — Each plan of work for an eligible institution required under this section shall contain descriptions of the following: (A) A summary of planned projects or programs in the State using formula funds. (B) A description of matching funds provided by the State with respect to the previous fiscal year. (4) **Extension protocols** (A) *In general* — The Secretary shall develop protocols to be used to evaluate the success of multistate, multi-institutional, and multidisciplinary extension activities and joint research and extension activities in addressing critical agricultural issues identified in the plans of work submitted under this section. (B) *Consultation* — The Secretary shall develop the protocols in consultation with the Advisory Board and land-grant colleges and universities. (5) **Treatment of plans of work for other purposes** — To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall consider a plan of work submitted under this section to satisfy other appropriate Federal reporting requirements. **(e) Diminution, loss, or misapplication of funds** If any portion of the moneys received by any eligible institution for the support and maintenance of extension work as provided in this section shall by any action or contingency be diminished or lost or be misapplied, it shall be replaced by such institution and until so replaced no subsequent appropriation shall be apportioned or paid to such institution. No portion of such moneys shall be applied, directly or indirectly, to the purchase, erection, preservation, or repair of any building or buildings, or the purchase or rental of land, or in college course teaching, lectures in college, or any other purpose not specified in this section. It shall be the duty of such institution, annually, on or about the first day of January, to make to the Governor of the State in which it is located a full and detailed report of its operations in extension work, including a detailed statement of receipts and expenditures from all sources for this purpose, a copy of which report shall be sent to the Secretary. **(f) Mailing of correspondence, bulletins, and reports** To the extent that the official mail consists of correspondence, bulletins, and reports for furtherance of the purposes of this section, it shall be transmitted in the mails of the United States. Such items may be mailed from a principal place of business of each eligible institution or from an established subunit of such institution.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 321 — Secretary of Agriculture to administer annual college-aid appropriation

The Secretary of Agriculture is charged with the proper administration of this subchapter.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 341 — Cooperative extension work by colleges

In order to aid in diffusing among the people of the United States useful and practical information on subjects relating to agriculture, uses of solar energy with respect to agriculture, home economics, and rural energy, and to encourage the application of the same, there may be continued or inaugurated in connection with the college or colleges in each State, Territory, or possession, now receiving, or which may hereafter receive, the benefits of subchapters I and II of this chapter, agricultural extension work which shall be carried on in cooperation with the United States Department of Agriculture: Provided, That in any State, Territory, or possession in which two or more such colleges have been or hereafter may be established, the appropriations hereinafter made to such State, Territory, or possession shall be administered by such college or colleges as the legislature of such State, Territory, or possession may direct. For the purposes of this subchapter, the term “solar energy” means energy derived from sources (other than fossil fuels) and technologies included in the Federal Non-Nuclear 11 So in original. Probably should be “Nonnuclear”. Energy Research and Development Act of 1974, as amended [[42 U.S.C. 5901](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section5901&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 3222 — Agricultural research at 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 1307 — Consumer safeguards

The powers conferred under this chapter shall not be used to discourage the production of supplies of foods and fibers sufficient to maintain normal domestic human consumption as determined by the Secretary from the records of domestic human consumption in the years 1920 to 1929, inclusive, taking into consideration increased population quantities of any commodity that were forced into domestic consumption by decline in exports during such period, current trends in domestic consumption and exports of particular commodities, and the quantities of substitutes available for domestic consumption within any general class of food commodities. In carrying out the purposes of this chapter it shall be the duty of the Secretary to give due regard to the maintenance of a continuous and stable supply of agricultural commodities from domestic production adequate to meet consumer demand at prices fair to both producers and consumers.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 1522 — Research and development

**(a) Definition of policy** In this section, the term “policy” means a policy, plan of insurance, provision of a policy or plan of insurance, and related materials. **(b) Reimbursement of research, development, and maintenance costs** (1) **Research and development payment** (A) *In general* — The Corporation shall provide a payment to an applicant for research and development costs in accordance with this subsection. (B) *Reimbursement* (i) *In general* — An applicant who submits a policy under [section 1508(h) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section1508/h&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be eligible for the reimbursement of reasonable research and development costs if the policy is approved by the Board for sale to producers. (ii) *Reasonable costs* — For the purpose of reimbursing research and development and maintenance costs under this section, costs of the applicant shall be considered reasonable costs if the costs are based on— (I) for any employees or contracted personnel, wage rates equal to not more than 2 times the hourly wage rate plus benefits, as provided by the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the year in which such costs are incurred, calculated using the formula applied to an applicant by the Corporation in reviewing proposed project budgets under this section on October 1, 2016; and (II) other actual documented costs incurred by the applicant. (2) **Advance payments** (A) *In general* — Subject to the other provisions of this paragraph, the Board may approve the request of an applicant for advance payment of a portion of reasonable research and development costs prior to submission and approval of the policy by the Board under [section 1508(h) of this title](https://uscode

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 8701 — Geographically disadvantaged farmers and ranchers

**(a) Definitions** In this section: (1) **Agricultural commodity** — The term “agricultural commodity” has the meaning given the term in [section 5602 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section5602&num=0&edition=prelim). (2) **Geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher** — The term “geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher” has the meaning given the term in section 10906(a) of the Farm Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 ([7 U.S.C. 2204](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section2204&num=0&edition=prelim) note; Public Law 107–171). **(b) Authorization** Subject to the availability of funds under subsection (d), the Secretary may provide geographically disadvantaged farmers or ranchers direct reimbursement payments for activities described in subsection (c). **(c) Transportation** (1) **In general** — Subject to paragraphs (2) and (3), the Secretary may provide direct reimbursement payments to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher to transport an agricultural commodity, or inputs used to produce an agricultural commodity, during a fiscal year. (2) **Proof of eligibility** — To be eligible to receive assistance under paragraph (1), a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher shall demonstrate to the Secretary that transportation of the agricultural commodity or inputs occurred over a distance of more than 30 miles, as determined by the Secretary. (3) **Amount** (A) *In general* — Subject to paragraph (2), the amount of direct reimbursement payments made to a geographically disadvantaged farmer or rancher under this section for a fiscal year shall equal the product obtained by multiplying— (i) the amount of costs incurred by the geographically di

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7 U.S.C. § 4301 — Congressional findings and declaration of policy

Flowers and plants are an integral part of American life, contributing a natural and beautiful element, especially in urban areas, to what is increasingly a manmade, artificial environment for this country’s citizens. Providing comfort and pleasure for many special occasions as well as for everyday living, flowers and plants work against visual pollution and, in the case of green plants, generate oxygen within their environment. The flowers and plants to which this chapter refers are cut flowers, potted flowering plants, and foliage plants. These flowers and plants are produced by many individual producers throughout the United States and in foreign countries. These products move in interstate and foreign commerce, and those that do not move in such channels of commerce directly burden or affect interstate commerce of these products. The maintenance and expansion of existing markets and the development of new or improved markets and uses are vital to the welfare of flower and plant producers, brokers, wholesalers, and retailers throughout the Nation. The floral industry within the United States is comprised mainly of small- and medium-sized businesses. The producers are primarily agriculturally-oriented companies rather than promotion-oriented companies. The development and implementation of coordinated programs of research and promotion necessary for the maintenance of markets and the development of new markets have been inadequate. Without cooperative action in providing for and financing such programs, individual flower and plant producers, wholesalers, and retailers are unable to implement programs of research, consumer and producer information, and promotion necessary to maintain and improve markets for these products. It is widely recognized that it is in the publ

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 331 — Retirement of land-grant college employees

Pursuant to the recognized obligations of governments to guarantee the social security of their employees and in order to provide for the retirement on an annuity, or otherwise, of all persons being paid salaries in whole or in part from grants of Federal funds to the several States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam pursuant to the terms of the Act approved July 2, 1862, for the endowment and support of colleges of agriculture and mechanic arts [[7 U.S.C. 301](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section301&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], and Acts supplementary thereto providing for instruction in agriculture and mechanic arts, for the establishment of agricultural experiment stations, and for cooperative extension work in agriculture and home economics, all States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam are after March 4, 1940, authorized, notwithstanding any contrary provisions in said Acts, to withhold from expenditure, from Federal funds advanced under the terms of said Acts, amounts designated as employer contributions to be made by the States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or Guam to retirement systems established in accordance with the laws of such States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or Guam, or established by the governing boards of colleges of agriculture and mechanic arts in accordance with the authority vested in them, and to deposit such amounts to the credit of such retirement systems for subsequent disbursement in accordance with the terms of the retirement systems in effect in the respective States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam: Provided, That there shall not be deducted from Federal funds and deposited to the credit of retirement accounts as employer contributions, amounts in excess of 5 per

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 2207d — Reports on disbursement of funds for agricultural research and extension at 1862 and 1890 land-grant colleges, including Tuskegee University

Not later than September 30, 2019, and each year thereafter, the Secretary shall annually submit to Congress a report describing the allocations made to, and matching funds received by, 1890 Institutions and 1862 Institutions (as those terms are defined in [section 7601 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section7601&num=0&edition=prelim)) for each of the agricultural research, extension, education, and related programs established under— (1) [section 3221 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3221&num=0&edition=prelim); (2) [section 3222 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section3222&num=0&edition=prelim); (3) subsections (b) and (c) of [section 343 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section343&num=0&edition=prelim); and (4) the Hatch Act of 1887 ([7 U.S.C. 361a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section361a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.).

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

7 U.S.C. § 6981 — Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics

**(a) Authorization** The Secretary is authorized to establish in the Department the position of Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, and Economics (referred to in this section as the “Under Secretary”). **(b) Confirmation required** The Under Secretary shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, from among distinguished scientists with specialized training or significant experience in agricultural research, education, and economics. **(c) Chief Scientist** The Under Secretary shall— (1) hold the title of Chief Scientist of the Department; and (2) be responsible for the coordination of the research, education, and extension activities of the Department. **(d) Functions of Under Secretary** (1) **Principal function** — The Secretary shall delegate to the Under Secretary those functions and duties under the jurisdiction of the Department that relate to research, education, and economics. (2) **Specific functions and duties** — The Under Secretary shall— (A) identify, address, and prioritize current and emerging agricultural research, education, and extension needs (including funding); (B) ensure that agricultural research, education, and extension programs are effectively coordinated and integrated— (i) across disciplines, agencies, and institutions; and (ii) among applicable participants, grantees, and beneficiaries; (C) promote the collaborative use of all agricultural research, education, and extension resources from the local, State, tribal, regional, national, and international levels to address priority needs; and (D) foster communication among agricultural research, education, and extension beneficiaries, including the public, to ensure the delivery of agricultural research,

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