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42 U.S.C. § 7550 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this part—
(1) The term “manufacturer” as used in sections 7521, 7522, 7525, 7541, and 7542 of this title means any person engaged in the manufacturing or assembling of new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles or new nonroad engines, or importing such vehicles or engines for resale, or who acts for and is under the control of any such person in connection with the distribution of new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles or new nonroad engines, but shall not include any dealer with respect to new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles or new nonroad engines received by him in commerce.
(2) The term “motor vehicle” means any self-propelled vehicle designed for transporting persons or property on a street or highway.
(3) Except with respect to vehicles or engines imported or offered for importation, the term “new motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle the equitable or legal title to which has never been transferred to an ultimate purchaser; and the term “new motor vehicle engine” means an engine in a new motor vehicle or a motor vehicle engine the equitable or legal title to which has never been transferred to the ultimate purchaser; and with respect to imported vehicles or engines, such terms mean a motor vehicle and engine, respectively, manufactured after the effective date of a regulation issued under [section 7521 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7521&num=0&edition=prelim) which is applicable to such vehicle or engine (or which would be applicable to such vehicle or engine had it been manufactured for importation into the United States).
(4) The term “dealer” means any person who is engaged in the sale or the distributio
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7550
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-42/section-7550-definitions--5c31a2404a.md
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 85, § 7550; chapter-085-air-pollution-prevention-and-control.md
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As used in this part—
(1) The term “manufacturer” as used in sections 7521, 7522, 7525, 7541, and 7542 of this title means any person engaged in the manufacturing or assembling of new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles or new nonroad engines, or importing such vehicles or engines for resale, or who acts for and is under the control of any such person in connection with the distribution of new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles or new nonroad engines, but shall not include any dealer with respect to new motor vehicles, new motor vehicle engines, new nonroad vehicles or new nonroad engines received by him in commerce.
(2) The term “motor vehicle” means any self-propelled vehicle designed for transporting persons or property on a street or highway.
(3) Except with respect to vehicles or engines imported or offered for importation, the term “new motor vehicle” means a motor vehicle the equitable or legal title to which has never been transferred to an ultimate purchaser; and the term “new motor vehicle engine” means an engine in a new motor vehicle or a motor vehicle engine the equitable or legal title to which has never been transferred to the ultimate purchaser; and with respect to imported vehicles or engines, such terms mean a motor vehicle and engine, respectively, manufactured after the effective date of a regulation issued under [section 7521 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7521&num=0&edition=prelim) which is applicable to such vehicle or engine (or which would be applicable to such vehicle or engine had it been manufactured for importation into the United States).
(4) The term “dealer” means any person who is engaged in the sale or the distribution of new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines to the ultimate purchaser.
(5) The term “ultimate purchaser” means, with respect to any new motor vehicle or new motor vehicle engine, the first person who in good faith purchases such new motor vehicle or new engine for purposes other than resale.
(6) The term “commerce” means (A) commerce between any place in any State and any place outside thereof; and (B) commerce wholly within the District of Columbia.
(7) **Vehicle curb weight, gross vehicle weight rating, light-duty truck, light-duty vehicle, and loaded vehicle weight.—** — The terms “vehicle curb weight”, “gross vehicle weight rating” (GVWR), “light-duty truck” (LDT), light-duty vehicle,11 So in original. Probably should be set off by quotation marks. and “loaded vehicle weight” (LVW) have the meaning provided in regulations promulgated by the Administrator and in effect as of November 15, 1990. The abbreviations in parentheses corresponding to any term referred to in this paragraph shall have the same meaning as the corresponding term.
(8) **Test weight.—** — The term “test weight” and the abbreviation “tw” mean the vehicle curb weight added to the gross vehicle weight rating (gvwr) and divided by 2.
(9) **Motor vehicle or engine part manufacturer.—** — The term “motor vehicle or engine part manufacturer” as used in sections 7541 and 7542 of this title means any person engaged in the manufacturing, assembling or rebuilding of any device, system, part, component or element of design which is installed in or on motor vehicles or motor vehicle engines.
(10) **Nonroad engine.—** — The term “nonroad engine” means an internal combustion engine (including the fuel system) that is not used in a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition, or that is not subject to standards promulgated under [section 7411 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7411&num=0&edition=prelim) or [section 7521 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7521&num=0&edition=prelim).
(11) **Nonroad vehicle.—** — The term “nonroad vehicle” means a vehicle that is powered by a nonroad engine and that is not a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** For purposes of this section:
(1) The term “standard of performance” means a standard for emissions of air pollutants which reflects the degree of emission limitation achievable through the application of the best system of emission reduction which (taking into account the cost of achieving such reduction and any nonair quality health and environmental impact and energy requirements) the Administrator determines has been adequately demonstrated.
(2) The term “new source” means any stationary source, the construction or modification of which is commenced after the publication of regulations (or, if earlier, proposed regulations) prescribing a standard of performance under this section which will be applicable to such source.
(3) The term “stationary source” means any building, structure, facility, or installation which emits or may emit any air pollutant. Nothing in subchapter II of this chapter relating to nonroad engines shall be construed to apply to stationary internal combustion engines.
(4) The term “modification” means any physical change in, or change in the method of operation of, a stationary source which increases the amount of any air pollutant emitted by such source or which results in the emission of any air pollutant not previously emitted.
(5) The term “owner or operator” means any person who owns, leases, operates, controls, or supervises a stationary source.
(6) The term “existing source” means any stationary source other than a new source.
(7) The term “technological system of continuous emission reduction” means—
(A) a technological process for production or operation by any source which is inherently low-polluting or nonpolluting, or
(B) a technological system for continuous reduction of the pollution generated by a s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7411
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority of Administrator to prescribe by regulation** Except as otherwise provided in subsection (b)—
(1) The Administrator shall by regulation prescribe (and from time to time revise) in accordance with the provisions of this section, standards applicable to the emission of any air pollutant from any class or classes of new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, which in his judgment cause, or contribute to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. Such standards shall be applicable to such vehicles and engines for their useful life (as determined under subsection (d), relating to useful life of vehicles for purposes of certification), whether such vehicles and engines are designed as complete systems or incorporate devices to prevent or control such pollution.
(2) Any regulation prescribed under paragraph (1) of this subsection (and any revision thereof) shall take effect after such period as the Administrator finds necessary to permit the development and application of the requisite technology, giving appropriate consideration to the cost of compliance within such period.
(3)
(A) *In general.—*
(i) Unless the standard is changed as provided in subparagraph (B), regulations under paragraph (1) of this subsection applicable to emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, and particulate matter from classes or categories of heavy-duty vehicles or engines manufactured during or after model year 1983 shall contain standards which reflect the greatest degree of emission reduction achievable through the application of technology which the Administrator determines will be available for the model year to which such standards apply, giving appropriate consideration to cost, energy, and s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7521
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment.—** The Secretary shall establish and implement a congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program in accordance with this section.
**(b) Eligible Projects.—** Except as provided in subsections (d) and (m)(1)(B)(ii), a State may obligate funds apportioned to it under section 104(b)(4) for the congestion mitigation and air quality improvement program only for a transportation project or program if the project or program is for an area in the State that is or was designated as a nonattainment area for ozone, carbon monoxide, or particulate matter under section 107(d) of the Clean Air Act ([42 U.S.C. 7407(d)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7407/d&num=0&edition=prelim)) and classified pursuant to section 181(a), 186(a), 188(a), or 188(b) of the Clean Air Act ([42 U.S.C. 7511(a)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7511/a&num=0&edition=prelim), 7512(a), 7513(a), or 7513(b)) or is or was designated as a nonattainment area under such section 107(d) after December 31, 1997, or is required to prepare, and file with the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, maintenance plans under the Clean Air Act ([42 U.S.C. 7401](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7401&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.) and—
(1)
(A)
(i) if the Secretary, after consultation with the Administrator determines, on the basis of information published by the Environmental Protection Agency pursuant to section 108(f)(1)(A) of the Clean Air Act (other than clause (xvi)) that the project or program is likely to contribute to—
(I) the attainment of a national ambient air quality standard in the designated nonattainment area; or
(II)
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 149
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Fuel cell electric vehicle** — The term “fuel cell electric vehicle” means an on-road or non-road vehicle that uses a fuel cell (as defined in [section 16152 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section16152&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(2) **Hybrid electric vehicle** — The term “hybrid electric vehicle” means a new qualified hybrid motor vehicle (as defined in [section 30B(d)(3) of title 26](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title26-section30B/d/3&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(3) **Medium- or heavy-duty electric vehicle** — The term “medium- or heavy-duty electric vehicle” means an electric, hybrid electric, or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle with a gross vehicle weight of more than 8,501 pounds.
(4) **Neighborhood electric vehicle** — The term “neighborhood electric vehicle” means a 4-wheeled on-road or nonroad vehicle that—
(A) has a top attainable speed in 1 mile of more than 20 mph and not more than 25 mph on a paved level surface; and
(B) is propelled by an electric motor and on-board, rechargeable energy storage system that is rechargeable using an off-board source of electricity.
(5) **Plug-in electric drive vehicle** — The term “plug-in electric drive vehicle” means a vehicle that—
(A) draws motive power from a battery with a capacity of at least 4 kilowatt-hours;
(B) can be recharged from an external source of electricity for motive power; and
(C) is a light-, medium-, or heavy duty motor vehicle or nonroad vehicle (as those terms are defined in [section 7550 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7550&num=0&edition=prelim)).
**(b) In general**
(1) **Allocation** — The Secretary sha
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 13259
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Administrator** — The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
(2) **Battery** — The term “battery” means an electrochemical energy storage system powered directly by electrical current.
(3) **Electric transportation technology** — The term “electric transportation technology” means—
(A) technology used in vehicles that use an electric motor for all or part of the motive power of the vehicles, including battery electric, hybrid electric, plug-in hybrid electric, fuel cell, and plug-in fuel cell vehicles, or rail transportation; or
(B) equipment relating to transportation or mobile sources of air pollution that use an electric motor to replace an internal combustion engine for all or part of the work of the equipment, including—
(i) corded electric equipment linked to transportation or mobile sources of air pollution; and
(ii) electrification technologies at airports, ports, truck stops, and material-handling facilities.
(4) **Nonroad vehicle** — The term “nonroad vehicle” means a vehicle—
(A) powered—
(i) by a nonroad engine, as that term is defined in [section 7550 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7550&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(ii) fully or partially by an electric motor powered by a fuel cell, a battery, or an off-board source of electricity; and
(B) that is not a motor vehicle or a vehicle used solely for competition.
(5) **Plug-in electric drive vehicle** — The term “plug-in electric drive vehicle” means a vehicle that—
(A) draws motive power from a battery with a capacity of at least 4 kilowatt-hours;
(B) can be recharged from an external source of electricity for motive power; a
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 17013
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section 1857f–6e, act July 14, 1955, ch. 360, title II, § 212, as added Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–604, § 10(c), 84 Stat. 1700; amended Apr. 9, 1973, Pub. L. 93–15, § 1(b), 87 Stat. 11; June 22, 1974, Pub. L. 93–319, § 13(b), 88 Stat. 265, which related to low emission vehicles, was transferred to [section 7546 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7546&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1857f–6f, act July 14, 1955, ch. 360, title II, § 213, as added June 22, 1974, Pub. L. 93–319, § 10, 88 Stat. 261; amended S. Res. 4, Feb. 4, 1977, which related to fuel economy for new vehicles, was transferred to [section 7547 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7547&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1857f–7, act July 14, 1955, ch. 360, title II, § 214, formerly § 208, as added Oct. 20, 1965, Pub. L. 89–272, title I, § 101(8), 79 Stat. 994; renumbered § 212 and amended Nov. 21, 1967, Pub. L. 90–148, § 2, 81 Stat. 503; renumbered § 213 and amended Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–604, §§ 8(a), 10(d), 11(a)(2)(A), 84 Stat. 1694, 1703, 1705; renumbered § 214, June 22, 1974, Pub. L. 93–319, § 10, 88 Stat. 261, which related to definitions concerning motor vehicle emission and fuel standards, was transferred to [section 7550 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7550&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 1857f–8
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Control techniques guidelines for VOC sources** Within 3 years after November 15, 1990, the Administrator shall issue control techniques guidelines, in accordance with [section 7408 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7408&num=0&edition=prelim), for 11 categories of stationary sources of VOC emissions for which such guidelines have not been issued as of November 15, 1990, not including the categories referred to in paragraphs (3) and (4) of subsection (b) of this section. The Administrator may issue such additional control techniques guidelines as the Administrator deems necessary.
**(b) Existing and new CTGS**
(1) Within 36 months after November 15, 1990, and periodically thereafter, the Administrator shall review and, if necessary, update control technique guidance issued under [section 7408 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7408&num=0&edition=prelim) before November 15, 1990.
(2) In issuing the guidelines the Administrator shall give priority to those categories which the Administrator considers to make the most significant contribution to the formation of ozone air pollution in ozone nonattainment areas, including hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal facilities which are permitted under subtitle C of the Solid Waste Disposal Act [[42 U.S.C. 6921](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section6921&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.]. Thereafter the Administrator shall periodically review and, if necessary, revise such guidelines.
(3) Within 3 years after November 15, 1990, the Administrator shall issue control techniques guidelines in accordance with [section 7408 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xh
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7511b
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Manufacturer’s responsibility** Every manufacturer of new motor vehicles or new motor vehicle engines, and every manufacturer of new motor vehicle or engine parts or components, and other persons subject to the requirements of this part or part C, shall establish and maintain records, perform tests where such testing is not otherwise reasonably available under this part and part C (including fees for testing), make reports and provide information the Administrator may reasonably require to determine whether the manufacturer or other person has acted or is acting in compliance with this part and part C and regulations thereunder, or to otherwise carry out the provision of this part and part C, and shall, upon request of an officer or employee duly designated by the Administrator, permit such officer or employee at reasonable times to have access to and copy such records.
**(b) Enforcement authority** For the purposes of enforcement of this section, officers or employees duly designated by the Administrator upon presenting appropriate credentials are authorized—
(1) to enter, at reasonable times, any establishment of the manufacturer, or of any person whom the manufacturer engages to perform any activity required by subsection (a), for the purposes of inspecting or observing any activity conducted pursuant to subsection (a), and
(2) to inspect records, files, papers, processes, controls, and facilities used in performing any activity required by subsection (a), by such manufacturer or by any person whom the manufacturer engages to perform any such activity.
**(c) Availability to public; trade secrets** Any records, reports, or information obtained under this part or part C shall be available to the public, except that upon a showing satisfactory to the Administr
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7542
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Municipal solid waste** — The term “municipal solid waste” has the meaning given the term “solid waste” in [section 6903 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section6903&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **RFG State** — The term “RFG State” means a State in which is located one or more covered areas (as defined in [section 7545(k)(10)(D) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section7545/k/10/D&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(3) **Secretary** — The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Energy.
**(b) Cellulosic biomass ethanol and municipal solid waste loan guarantee program**
(1) **In general** — Funds may be provided for the cost (as defined in the Federal Credit Reform Act of 1990 ([2 U.S.C. 661](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section661&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.)) of loan guarantees issued under title XIV of the Energy Policy Act 11 See References in Text note below. to carry out commercial demonstration projects for celluosic 22 So in original. biomass and sucrose-derived ethanol.
(2) **Demonstration projects**
(A) *In general* — The Secretary shall issue loan guarantees under this section to carry out not more than 4 projects to commercially demonstrate the feasibility and viability of producing cellulosic biomass ethanol or sucrose-derived ethanol, including at least 1 project that uses cereal straw as a feedstock and 1 project that uses municipal solid waste as a feedstock.
(B) *Design capacity* — Each project shall have a design capacity to produce at least 30,000,000 gallons of cellulosic biomass ethanol each year.
(3) **Applicant assurances** — An applicant for a loan guarantee under th
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7546
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Emissions standards**
(1) The Administrator shall conduct a study of emissions from nonroad engines and nonroad vehicles (other than locomotives or engines used in locomotives) to determine if such emissions cause, or significantly contribute to, air pollution which may reasonably be anticipated to endanger public health or welfare. Such study shall be completed within 12 months of November 15, 1990.
(2) After notice and opportunity for public hearing, the Administrator shall determine within 12 months after completion of the study under paragraph (1), based upon the results of such study, whether emissions of carbon monoxide, oxides of nitrogen, and volatile organic compounds from new and existing nonroad engines or nonroad vehicles (other than locomotives or engines used in locomotives) are significant contributors to ozone or carbon monoxide concentrations in more than 1 area which has failed to attain the national ambient air quality standards for ozone or carbon monoxide. Such determination shall be included in the regulations under paragraph (3).
(3) If the Administrator makes an affirmative determination under paragraph (2) the Administrator shall, within 12 months after completion of the study under paragraph (1), promulgate (and from time to time revise) regulations containing standards applicable to emissions from those classes or categories of new nonroad engines and new nonroad vehicles (other than locomotives or engines used in locomotives) which in the Administrator’s judgment cause, or contribute to, such air pollution. Such standards shall achieve the greatest degree of emission reduction achievable through the application of technology which the Administrator determines will be available for the engines or vehicles to which such standards apply
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 7547
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