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49 U.S.C. § 30102 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Definitions.—** In this chapter—
(1) “covered rental vehicle” means a motor vehicle that—
(A) has a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less;
(B) is rented without a driver for an initial term of less than 4 months; and
(C) is part of a motor vehicle fleet of 35 or more motor vehicles that are used for rental purposes by a rental company.
(2) “dealer” means a person selling and distributing new motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment primarily to purchasers that in good faith purchase the vehicles or equipment other than for resale.
(3) “defect” includes any defect in performance, construction, a component, or material of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment.
(4) “distributor” means a person primarily selling and distributing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(5) “interstate commerce” means commerce between a place in a State and a place in another State or between places in the same State through another State.
(6) “manufacturer” means a person—
(A) manufacturing or assembling motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment; or
(B) importing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(7) “motor vehicle” means a vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured primarily for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail line.
(8) “motor vehicle equipment” means—
(A) any system, part, or component of a motor vehicle as originally manufactured;
(B) any similar part or component manufactured or sold for replacement or improvement of a system, part, or component, or as an accessory or addition to a motor vehicle; or
(C) any device or an article or apparel, including a motorcycle helmet and excluding medicine or eyeglasses
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Source location: Title 49, Chapter 301, § 30102; chapter-301-motor-vehicle-safety.md
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**(a) General Definitions.—** In this chapter—
(1) “covered rental vehicle” means a motor vehicle that—
(A) has a gross vehicle weight rating of 10,000 pounds or less;
(B) is rented without a driver for an initial term of less than 4 months; and
(C) is part of a motor vehicle fleet of 35 or more motor vehicles that are used for rental purposes by a rental company.
(2) “dealer” means a person selling and distributing new motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment primarily to purchasers that in good faith purchase the vehicles or equipment other than for resale.
(3) “defect” includes any defect in performance, construction, a component, or material of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment.
(4) “distributor” means a person primarily selling and distributing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(5) “interstate commerce” means commerce between a place in a State and a place in another State or between places in the same State through another State.
(6) “manufacturer” means a person—
(A) manufacturing or assembling motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment; or
(B) importing motor vehicles or motor vehicle equipment for resale.
(7) “motor vehicle” means a vehicle driven or drawn by mechanical power and manufactured primarily for use on public streets, roads, and highways, but does not include a vehicle operated only on a rail line.
(8) “motor vehicle equipment” means—
(A) any system, part, or component of a motor vehicle as originally manufactured;
(B) any similar part or component manufactured or sold for replacement or improvement of a system, part, or component, or as an accessory or addition to a motor vehicle; or
(C) any device or an article or apparel, including a motorcycle helmet and excluding medicine or eyeglasses prescribed by a licensed practitioner, that—
(i) is not a system, part, or component of a motor vehicle; and
(ii) is manufactured, sold, delivered, or offered to be sold for use on public streets, roads, and highways with the apparent purpose of safeguarding users of motor vehicles against risk of accident, injury, or death.
(9) “motor vehicle safety” means the performance of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment in a way that protects the public against unreasonable risk of accidents occurring because of the design, construction, or performance of a motor vehicle, and against unreasonable risk of death or injury in an accident, and includes nonoperational safety of a motor vehicle.
(10) “motor vehicle safety standard” means a minimum standard for motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment performance.
(11) “rental company” means a person who—
(A) is engaged in the business of renting covered rental vehicles; and
(B) uses for rental purposes a motor vehicle fleet of 35 or more covered rental vehicles, on average, during the calendar year.
(12) “State” means a State of the United States, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Northern Mariana Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Virgin Islands.
(13) “United States district court” means a district court of the United States, a United States court for Guam, the Virgin Islands, and American Samoa, and the district court for the Northern Mariana Islands.
**(b) Limited Definitions.—**
(1) In sections 30117(b), 30118–30121, and 30166(f) of this title—
(A) “adequate repair” does not include repair resulting in substantially impaired operation of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment;
(B) “first purchaser” means the first purchaser of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment other than for resale;
(C) “original equipment” means motor vehicle equipment (including a tire) installed in or on a motor vehicle at the time of delivery to the first purchaser;
(D) “replacement equipment” means motor vehicle equipment (including a tire) that is not original equipment;
(E) a brand name owner of a tire marketed under a brand name not owned by the manufacturer of the tire is deemed to be the manufacturer of the tire;
(F) a defect in original equipment, or noncompliance of original equipment with a motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter, is deemed to be a defect or noncompliance of the motor vehicle in or on which the equipment was installed at the time of delivery to the first purchaser;
(G) a manufacturer of a motor vehicle in or on which original equipment was installed when delivered to the first purchaser is deemed to be the manufacturer of the equipment; and
(H) a retreader of a tire is deemed to be the manufacturer of the tire.
(2) The Secretary of Transportation may prescribe regulations changing paragraph (1)(C), (D), (F), or (G) of this subsection.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purpose of this chapter is to reduce traffic accidents and deaths and injuries resulting from traffic accidents. Therefore it is necessary—
(1) to prescribe motor vehicle safety standards for motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment in interstate commerce; and
(2) to carry out needed safety research and development.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Notification by Secretary.—** The Secretary of Transportation shall notify the manufacturer of a motor vehicle or replacement equipment immediately after making an initial decision (through testing, inspection, investigation, or research carried out under this chapter, examining communications under [section 30166(f) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30166/f&num=0&edition=prelim), or otherwise) that the vehicle or equipment contains a defect related to motor vehicle safety or does not comply with an applicable motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter. The notification shall include the information on which the decision is based. The Secretary shall publish a notice of each decision under this subsection in the Federal Register. Subject to [section 30167(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30167/a&num=0&edition=prelim), the notification and information are available to any interested person.
**(b) Defect and Noncompliance Proceedings and Orders.—**
(1) The Secretary may make a final decision that a motor vehicle or replacement equipment contains a defect related to motor vehicle safety or does not comply with an applicable motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter only after giving the manufacturer an opportunity to present information, views, and arguments showing that there is no defect or noncompliance or that the defect does not affect motor vehicle safety. Any interested person also shall be given an opportunity to present information, views, and arguments.
(2) If the Secretary decides under paragraph (1) of this subsection that the vehicle or equipment contains the defect or does not comply, the Secretary s
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30118
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions.—** In this title, the following definitions apply:
(1) **Apportionment.—** — The term “apportionment” includes unexpended apportionments made under prior authorization laws.
(2) **Asset management.—** — The term “asset management” means a strategic and systematic process of operating, maintaining, and improving physical assets, with a focus on both engineering and economic analysis based upon quality information, to identify a structured sequence of maintenance, preservation, repair, rehabilitation, and replacement actions that will achieve and sustain a desired state of good repair over the lifecycle of the assets at minimum practicable cost.
(3) **Carpool project.—** — The term “carpool project” means any project to encourage the use of carpools and vanpools, including provision of carpooling opportunities to the elderly and individuals with disabilities, systems for locating potential riders and informing them of carpool opportunities, acquiring vehicles for carpool use, designating existing highway lanes as preferential carpool highway lanes, providing related traffic control devices, designating existing facilities for use for preferential parking for carpools, and real-time ridesharing projects, such as projects where drivers, using an electronic transfer of funds, recover costs directly associated with the trip provided through the use of location technology to quantify those direct costs, subject to the condition that the cost recovered does not exceed the cost of the trip provided.
(4) **Construction.—** — The term “construction” means the supervising, inspecting, actual building, and incurrence of all costs incidental to the construction or reconstruction of a highway or any project eligible for assistance under this title, including bon
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 23 U.S.C. § 101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as provided in subsection (b), the court shall confirm a plan if—
(1) The plan complies with the provisions of this chapter and with the other applicable provisions of this title;
(2) any fee, charge, or amount required under chapter 123 of title 28, or by the plan, to be paid before confirmation, has been paid;
(3) the plan has been proposed in good faith and not by any means forbidden by law;
(4) the value, as of the effective date of the plan, of property to be distributed under the plan on account of each allowed unsecured claim is not less than the amount that would be paid on such claim if the estate of the debtor were liquidated under chapter 7 of this title on such date;
(5) with respect to each allowed secured claim provided for by the plan—
(A) the holder of such claim has accepted the plan;
(B)
(i) the plan provides that—
(I) the holder of such claim retain the lien securing such claim until the earlier of—
(aa) the payment of the underlying debt determined under nonbankruptcy law; or
(bb) discharge under section 1328; and
(II) if the case under this chapter is dismissed or converted without completion of the plan, such lien shall also be retained by such holder to the extent recognized by applicable nonbankruptcy law;
(ii) the value, as of the effective date of the plan, of property to be distributed under the plan on account of such claim is not less than the allowed amount of such claim; and
(iii) if—
(I) property to be distributed pursuant to this subsection is in the form of periodic payments, such payments shall be in equal monthly amounts; and
(II) the holder of the claim is secured by personal property, the amount of such payments shall not be less than an amount su
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 11 U.S.C. § 1325
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Motor Boats, Yachts, Aircraft, and Radio Stations.—** The Coast Guard may utilize for any purpose incident to carrying out its functions and duties as authorized by the Secretary any motorboat, yacht, aircraft, or radio station placed at its disposition for any of such purposes by any member of the Auxiliary, by any corporation, partnership, or association, or by any State or political subdivision thereof.
**(b) Motor Vehicles.—** The Coast Guard may utilize to carry out its functions and duties as authorized by the Secretary any motor vehicle (as defined in [section 30102 of title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30102&num=0&edition=prelim)) placed at its disposition by any member of the Auxiliary, by any corporation, partnership, or association, or by any State or political subdivision thereof, to tow Federal Government property.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 14 U.S.C. § 3907
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1411, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 151, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 102(a), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1470, related to notification respecting manufacturer’s finding of defect or failure to comply with motor vehicle safety standard. See [section 30118 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30118&num=0&edition=prelim), Transportation.
Section 1412, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 152, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 102(a), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1470, related to notification of Secretary’s finding of defect or failure to comply with motor vehicle safety standard, publication in Federal Register, and opportunity to present data, views, and arguments. See [section 30118 of Title 49](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30118&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 1413, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 153, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 102(a), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1471; amended Pub. L. 97–331, § 4(b), Oct. 15, 1982, 96 Stat. 1620; Pub. L. 102–240, title II, § 2504(a), Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2083, related to contents, time, and method of notification regarding manufacturer’s finding of defect or failure to comply with motor vehicle safety standard. See sections 30118 and 30119 of Title 49.
Section 1414, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 154, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 102(a), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1472; amended Pub. L. 102–240, title II, § 2504(b), Dec. 18, 1991, 105 Stat. 2083, related to remedy for defect or failure to comply with motor vehicle safety standard. See sections 30119 and 30120 of Title 49.
Section 1415, Pub. L. 89–563, title I, § 155, as added Pub. L. 93–492, title I, § 102(a), Oct. 27, 1974, 88 Stat. 1474; amended Pub. L. 98–620, ti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1421 to 1426
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Ways To Remedy.—**
(1) Subject to subsections (f) and (g) of this section, when notification of a defect or noncompliance is required under section 30118(b) or (c) of this title, the manufacturer of the defective or noncomplying motor vehicle or replacement equipment shall remedy the defect or noncompliance without charge when the vehicle or equipment is presented for remedy. Subject to subsections (b) and (c) of this section, the manufacturer shall remedy the defect or noncompliance in any of the following ways the manufacturer chooses:
(A) if a vehicle—
(i) by repairing the vehicle;
(ii) by replacing the vehicle with an identical or reasonably equivalent vehicle; or
(iii) by refunding the purchase price, less a reasonable allowance for depreciation.
(B) if replacement equipment, by repairing the equipment, replacing the equipment with identical or reasonably equivalent equipment, or by refunding the purchase price.
(2) The Secretary of Transportation may prescribe regulations to allow the manufacturer to impose conditions on the replacement of a motor vehicle or refund of its price.
**(b) Tire Remedies.—**
(1) A manufacturer of a tire, including an original equipment tire, shall remedy a defective or noncomplying tire if the owner or purchaser presents the tire for remedy not later than 180 days after the later of—
(A) the day the owner or purchaser receives notification under [section 30119 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30119&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(B) if the manufacturer decides to replace the tire, the day the owner or purchaser receives notification that a replacement is available.
(2) If the manufacturer decides to replace the tire and the replacement is not avai
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30120
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition.—** In this section, “motor vehicle repair business” means a person holding itself out to the public to repair for compensation a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment.
**(b) Prohibition.—** A manufacturer, distributor, dealer, rental company, or motor vehicle repair business may not knowingly make inoperative any part of a device or element of design installed on or in a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment in compliance with an applicable motor vehicle safety standard prescribed under this chapter unless the manufacturer, distributor, dealer, rental company, or repair business reasonably believes the vehicle or equipment will not be used (except for testing or a similar purpose during maintenance or repair) when the device or element is inoperative.
**(c) Regulations.—** The Secretary of Transportation may prescribe regulations—
(1) to exempt a person from this section if the Secretary decides the exemption is consistent with motor vehicle safety and [section 30101 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title49-section30101&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(2) to define “make inoperative”.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30122
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition.—** In this section, “motor vehicle accident” means an occurrence associated with the maintenance or operation of a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment resulting in personal injury, death, or property damage.
**(b) Authority To Inspect and Investigate.—**
(1) The Secretary of Transportation may conduct an inspection or investigation—
(A) that may be necessary to enforce this chapter or a regulation prescribed or order issued under this chapter; or
(B) related to a motor vehicle accident and designed to carry out this chapter.
(2) The Secretary of Transportation shall cooperate with State and local officials to the greatest extent possible in an inspection or investigation under paragraph (1)(B) of this subsection.
**(c) Matters That Can Be Inspected and Impoundment.—** In carrying out this chapter, an officer or employee designated by the Secretary of Transportation—
(1) at reasonable times, may inspect and copy any record related to this chapter;
(2) on request, may inspect records of a manufacturer, distributor, dealer, or rental company to decide whether the manufacturer, distributor, dealer, or rental company has complied or is complying with this chapter or a regulation prescribed or order issued under this chapter;
(3) at reasonable times, in a reasonable way, and on display of proper credentials and written notice to an owner, operator, or agent in charge, may—
(A) enter and inspect with reasonable promptness premises in which a motor vehicle or motor vehicle equipment is manufactured, held for introduction in interstate commerce (including at United States ports of entry), or held for sale after introduction in interstate commerce;
(B) enter and inspect with reasonable promptness premises at which a vehicle or equipment i
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 49 U.S.C. § 30166
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 751
TITLE 49—TRANSPORTATION
§ 30102
when the Secretary promulgates a final rule
with standards on improved head injury protec-
tion.
‘‘(C) STANDARD.—The Secretary may, as part of
any action taken under section 2503, amend any
motor vehicle safety standard or establish a new
standard under the National Traffic and Motor Ve-
hicle Safety Act of 1966 ([formerly] 15 U.S.C. 1381 et
seq.).
‘‘SEC. 2503. MATTERS BEFORE THE SECRETARY.
‘‘The Secretary shall address the following matters in
accordance with section 2502:
‘‘(1) Protection against unreasonable risk of roll-
overs of passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehi-
cles, and trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of
8,500 pounds or less and an unloaded vehicle weight of
5,500 pounds or less.
‘‘(2) Extension of passenger car side impact protec-
tion to multipurpose passenger vehicles and trucks
with a gross vehicle weight rating of 8,500 pounds or
less and an unloaded vehicle weight of 5,500 pounds or
less.
‘‘(3) Safety of child booster seats used in passenger
cars and other appropriate motor vehicles.
‘‘(4) Improved design for safety belts.
‘‘(5) Improved head impact protection from interior
components of passenger cars (i.e. roof rails, pillars,
and front headers).
‘‘[SECS. 2504, 2505. Repealed. Pub. L. 103–272, § 7(b), July
5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1379.]
‘‘SEC. 2506. REAR SEATBELTS.
‘‘The Secretary shall expend such portion of the
funds authorized to be appropriated under the Motor
Vehicle Information and Cost Savings Act ([formerly]
15 U.S.C. 1901 et seq.), for fiscal year 1993, as the Sec-
retary deems necessary for the purpose of dissemi-
nating information to consumers regarding the manner
in which passenger cars may be retrofitted with lap and
shoulder rear seatbelts.
‘‘SEC. 2507. BRAK
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 49 U.S.C. § 30102
Stored review status: historical_2024_not_currentness_verified. Same stored citation; legal effect and authority still require review.