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15 U.S.C. § 8 — Trusts in restraint of import trade illegal; penalty
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Every combination, conspiracy, trust, agreement, or contract is declared to be contrary to public policy, illegal, and void when the same is made by or between two or more persons or corporations, either of whom, as agent or principal, is engaged in importing any article from any foreign country into the United States, and when such combination, conspiracy, trust, agreement, or contract is intended to operate in restraint of lawful trade, or free competition in lawful trade or commerce, or to increase the market price in any part of the United States of any article or articles imported or intended to be imported into the United States, or of any manufacture into which such imported article enters or is intended to enter. Every person who shall be engaged in the importation of goods or any commodity from any foreign country in violation of this section, or who shall combine or conspire with another to violate the same, is guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof in any court of the United States such person shall be fined in a sum not less than $100 and not exceeding $5,000, and shall be further punished by imprisonment, in the discretion of the court, for a term not less than three months nor exceeding twelve months.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 8
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_7cba897279ca20b94e6a6595
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-8-trusts-in-restraint-of-import-trade-illegal-penalty--2f22140db3.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 1, § 8; chapter-001-monopolies-and-combinations-in-restraint-of-trade.md
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Every combination, conspiracy, trust, agreement, or contract is declared to be contrary to public policy, illegal, and void when the same is made by or between two or more persons or corporations, either of whom, as agent or principal, is engaged in importing any article from any foreign country into the United States, and when such combination, conspiracy, trust, agreement, or contract is intended to operate in restraint of lawful trade, or free competition in lawful trade or commerce, or to increase the market price in any part of the United States of any article or articles imported or intended to be imported into the United States, or of any manufacture into which such imported article enters or is intended to enter. Every person who shall be engaged in the importation of goods or any commodity from any foreign country in violation of this section, or who shall combine or conspire with another to violate the same, is guilty of a misdemeanor, and on conviction thereof in any court of the United States such person shall be fined in a sum not less than $100 and not exceeding $5,000, and shall be further punished by imprisonment, in the discretion of the court, for a term not less than three months nor exceeding twelve months.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** In administering the naval petroleum reserves under this chapter, the Secretary shall use, store, or sell the petroleum produced from the naval petroleum reserves and lands covered by joint, unit, or other cooperative plans.
**(b)**
(1) Subject to paragraph (2) and notwithstanding any other provision of law, each sale of the United States share of petroleum shall be made by the Secretary at public sale to the highest qualified bidder, at such time, in such amounts, and after such advertising as the Secretary considers proper and without regard to Federal, State, or local regulations controlling sales or allocation of petroleum products. Each sale of the United States share of petroleum shall be for periods of not more than one year, except that a sale of natural gas may be made for a period of more than one year.
(2) The Secretary may not sell any part of the United States share of petroleum produced from Naval Petroleum Reserves Numbered 2 and 3 at a price less than the current sales price, as estimated by the Secretary, of comparable petroleum in the same area.
(3) For purposes of paragraph (2), the term “petroleum” does not include natural gas liquids.
**(c)** In no event shall the Secretary permit the award of any contract which would result in any person obtaining control, directly or indirectly, over more than 20 percent of the estimated annual United States share of petroleum produced from Naval Petroleum Reserve Numbered 1.
**(d)** Each proposal for sale under this title shall provide that the terms of every sale of the United States share of petroleum from the naval petroleum reserves shall be so structured as to give full and equal opportunity for the acquisition of petroleum by all interested persons, including major and independent oil producer
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 8730
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 1
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Any property owned under any contract or by any combination, or pursuant to any conspiracy, and being the subject thereof, mentioned in [section 8 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section8&num=0&edition=prelim), imported into and being within the United States or being in the course of transportation from one State to another, or to or from a Territory or the District of Columbia, shall be forfeited to the United States, and may be seized and condemned by like proceedings as those provided by law for the forfeiture, seizure, and condemnation of property imported into the United States contrary to law.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 11
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Every contract, combination in form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or in restraint of trade or commerce between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia and any State or States or foreign nations, is declared illegal. Every person who shall make any such contract or engage in any such combination or conspiracy, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.
**(b)** Every person who shall monopolize, or attempt to monopolize, or combine or conspire with any other person or persons, to monopolize any part of the trade or commerce in any Territory of the United States or of the District of Columbia, or between any such Territory and another, or between any such Territory or Territories and any State or States or the District of Columbia, or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia, and any State or States or foreign nations, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 3
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The several district courts of the United States are invested with jurisdiction to prevent and restrain violations of [section 8 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section8&num=0&edition=prelim); and it shall be the duty of the several United States attorneys, in their respective districts, under the direction of the Attorney General, to institute proceedings in equity to prevent and restrain such violations. Such proceedings may be by way of petitions setting forth the case and praying that such violations shall be enjoined or otherwise prohibited. When the parties complained of shall have been duly notified of such petition the court shall proceed, as soon as may be, to the hearing and determination of the case; and pending such petition and before final decree, the court may at any time make such temporary restraining order or prohibition as shall be deemed just in the premises.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 9
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this Act, except as otherwise specifically provided—
(1) The term “antitrust laws” includes the Sherman Antitrust Act ([15 U.S.C. 1](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1&num=0&edition=prelim) and following), the Clayton Act ([15 U.S.C. 12](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section12&num=0&edition=prelim) and following), the Federal Trade Commission Act ([15 U.S.C. 14](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section14&num=0&edition=prelim)[41] and following), the Wilson Tariff Act ([15 U.S.C. 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section8&num=0&edition=prelim) and 9), and the Act of June 19, 1936, chapter 592 ([15 U.S.C. 13](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section13&num=0&edition=prelim), 13a, 13b, and 21A).
(2) The term “class” means, with respect to electric consumers, any group of such consumers who have similar characteristics of electric energy use.
(3) The term “Commission” means the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.
(4) The term “electric utility” means any person, State agency, or Federal agency, which sells electric energy.
(5) The term “electric consumer” means any person, State agency, or Federal agency, to which electric energy is sold other than for purposes of resale.
(6) The term “evidentiary hearing” means—
(A) in the case of a State agency, a proceeding which (i) is open to the public, (ii) includes notice to participants and an opportunity for such participants to present direct and rebuttal evidence and to cross-examine witnesses, (iii) includes a written decision, based upon evidence appearing in a written record of the proceeding, and (iv) is subject to
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 2612
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Applications**
(1) Any United States citizen may apply to the Administrator for the issuance or transfer of a license for exploration or a permit for commercial recovery.
(2)
(A) Applications for issuance or transfer of licenses for exploration and permits for commercial recovery shall be made in such form and manner as the Administrator shall prescribe in general and uniform regulations and shall contain such relevant financial, technical, and environmental information as the Administrator may by regulations require as being necessary and appropriate for carrying out the provisions of this subchapter. In accordance with such regulations, each applicant for the issuance of a license shall submit an exploration plan as described in subparagraph (B), and each applicant for a permit shall submit a recovery plan as described in subparagraph (C).
(B) The exploration plan for a license shall set forth the activities proposed to be carried out during the period of the license, describe the area to be explored, and include the intended exploration schedule and methods to be used, the development and testing of systems for commercial recovery to take place under the terms of the license, an estimated schedule of expenditures, measures to protect the environment and to monitor the effectiveness of environmental safeguards and monitoring systems for commercial recovery, and such other information as is necessary and appropriate to carry out the provisions of this subchapter. The area set forth in an exploration plan shall be of sufficient size to allow for intensive exploration.
(C) The recovery plan for a permit shall set forth the activities proposed to be carried out during the period of the permit, and shall include the intended schedule of commercial recovery
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 30 U.S.C. § 1416
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Coal leases** No person, association, or corporation, or any subsidiary, affiliate, or persons controlled by or under common control with such person, association, or corporation shall take, hold, own or control at one time, whether acquired directly from the Secretary under this chapter or otherwise, coal leases or permits on an aggregate of more than 75,000 acres in any one State and in no case greater than an aggregate of 150,000 acres in the United States: Provided, That any person, association, or corporation currently holding, owning, or controlling more than an aggregate of 150,000 acres in the United States on the date of enactment of this section shall not be required on account of this section to relinquish said leases or permits: Provided, further, That in no case shall such person, association, or corporation be permitted to take, hold, own, or control any further Federal coal leases or permits until such time as their holdings, ownership, or control of Federal leases or permits has been reduced below an aggregate of 150,000 acres within the United States.
**(b) Sodium leases or permits, acreage**
(1) No person, association, or corporation, except as otherwise provided in this subsection, shall take, hold, own, or control at one time, whether acquired directly from the Secretary under this chapter, or otherwise, sodium leases or permits on an aggregate of more than five thousand one hundred and twenty acres in any one State.
(2) The Secretary may, in his discretion, where the same is necessary in order to secure the economic mining of sodium compounds leasable under this chapter, permit a person, association, or corporation to take or hold sodium leases or permits on up to 30,720 acres in any one State.
**(c) Phosphate leases, acreage** No person,
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 30 U.S.C. § 184
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition.—** In this section, the term “antitrust law” includes—
(1) the Sherman Act ([15 U.S.C. 1](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.);
(2) the Clayton Act ([15 U.S.C. 12](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section12&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq., [29 U.S.C. 52](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section52&num=0&edition=prelim), 53);
(3) the Federal Trade Commission Act ([15 U.S.C. 41](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section41&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.); and
(4) sections 73 and 74 of the Wilson Tariff Act ([15 U.S.C. 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section8&num=0&edition=prelim), 9).
**(b) Advice Required.—**
(1) **In general.—** — An executive agency shall not dispose of property to a private interest until the agency has received the advice of the Attorney General on whether the disposal to a private interest would tend to create or maintain a situation inconsistent with antitrust law.
(2) **Exception.—** — This section does not apply to disposal of—
(A) real property, if the estimated fair market value is less than $3,000,000; or
(B) personal property (other than a patent, process, technique, or invention), if the estimated fair market value is less than $3,000,000.
**(c) Notice to Attorney General.—**
(1) **In general.—** — An executive agency that contemplates disposing of property to a private interest shall promptly transmit notice of the proposed disposal, including probable terms and conditions, to the Attorney General.
(2) **Copy.—** — Except for the General Services Administration, an executive agency that transmits
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 40 U.S.C. § 559
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Violations of antitrust laws** Nothing contained in this chapter shall relieve any person from the operation of the following Acts, as amended, “An Act to protect trade and commerce against unlawful restraints and monopolies” approved July second, eighteen hundred and ninety; sections seventy-three to seventy-six, inclusive, of an Act entitled “An Act to reduce taxation, to provide revenue for the Government, and for other purposes” approved August twenty-seven, eighteen hundred and ninety-four; “An Act to supplement existing laws against unlawful restraints and monopolies, and for other purposes” approved October fifteen, nineteen hundred and fourteen; and “An Act to create a Federal Trade Commission, to defined its powers and duties, and for other purposes” approved September twenty-six, nineteen hundred and fourteen. In the event a licensee is found by a court of competent jurisdiction, either in an original action in that court or in a proceeding to enforce or review the findings or orders of any Government agency having jurisdiction under the laws cited above, to have violated any of the provisions of such laws in the conduct of the licensed activity, the Commission may suspend, revoke, or take such other action as it may deem necessary with respect to any license issued by the Commission under the provisions of this chapter.
**(b) Reports to Attorney General** The Commission shall report promptly to the Attorney General any information it may have with respect to any utilization of special nuclear material or atomic energy which appears to violate or to tend toward the violation of any of the foregoing Acts, or to restrict free competition in private enterprise.
**(c) Transmissions to Attorney General of copies of license applications; publication of advic
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 2135
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