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16 U.S.C. § 5301 — Findings
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds the following:
(1) The world’s rhinoceros population is declining at an alarming rate, a 90 percent decline since 1970.
(2) All 5 subspecies of tiger are currently threatened with extinction in the wild, with approximately 5,000 to 6,000 tigers remaining worldwide.
(3) All rhinoceros species have been listed on Appendix I of CITES since 1977.
(4) All tiger subspecies have been listed on Appendix I of CITES since 1987.
(5) The tiger and all rhinoceros species, except the southern subspecies of white rhinoceros, are listed as endangered species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ([16 U.S.C. 1531](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1531&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.).
(6) In 1987, the parties to CITES adopted a resolution that urged all parties to establish a moratorium on the sale and trade in rhinoceros products (other than legally taken trophies), to destroy government stockpiles of rhinoceros horn, and to exert pressure on countries continuing to allow trade in rhinoceros products.
(7) On September 7, 1993, under [section 1978 of title 22](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1978&num=0&edition=prelim) the Secretary certified that the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan were engaged in trade of rhinoceros parts and tiger parts that diminished the effectiveness of an international conservation program for that endangered species.
(8) On September 9, 1993, the Standing Committee of CITES, in debating the continuing problem of trade in rhinoceros horn and tiger parts, adopted a resolution urging parties to CITES to implement stricter domestic measures, up to and including an immediate prohibition in trade in wildlife species.
(9) On November 8, 1993, under [
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Source location: Title 16, Chapter 73, § 5301; chapter-073-rhinoceros-and-tiger-conservation.md
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The Congress finds the following:
(1) The world’s rhinoceros population is declining at an alarming rate, a 90 percent decline since 1970.
(2) All 5 subspecies of tiger are currently threatened with extinction in the wild, with approximately 5,000 to 6,000 tigers remaining worldwide.
(3) All rhinoceros species have been listed on Appendix I of CITES since 1977.
(4) All tiger subspecies have been listed on Appendix I of CITES since 1987.
(5) The tiger and all rhinoceros species, except the southern subspecies of white rhinoceros, are listed as endangered species under the Endangered Species Act of 1973 ([16 U.S.C. 1531](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1531&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.).
(6) In 1987, the parties to CITES adopted a resolution that urged all parties to establish a moratorium on the sale and trade in rhinoceros products (other than legally taken trophies), to destroy government stockpiles of rhinoceros horn, and to exert pressure on countries continuing to allow trade in rhinoceros products.
(7) On September 7, 1993, under [section 1978 of title 22](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1978&num=0&edition=prelim) the Secretary certified that the People’s Republic of China and Taiwan were engaged in trade of rhinoceros parts and tiger parts that diminished the effectiveness of an international conservation program for that endangered species.
(8) On September 9, 1993, the Standing Committee of CITES, in debating the continuing problem of trade in rhinoceros horn and tiger parts, adopted a resolution urging parties to CITES to implement stricter domestic measures, up to and including an immediate prohibition in trade in wildlife species.
(9) On November 8, 1993, under [section 1978 of title 22](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1978&num=0&edition=prelim), the President announced that the United States would impose trade sanctions against China and Taiwan unless substantial progress was made by March 1994 towards ending trade in rhinoceros and tiger products.
(10) On April 11, 1994, under [section 1978 of title 22](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1978&num=0&edition=prelim), the President—
(A) directed that imports of wildlife specimens and products from Taiwan be prohibited, in response to Taiwan’s failure to undertake sufficient actions to stop illegal rhinoceros and tiger trade; and
(B) indicated that the certification of China would remain in effect and directed that additional monitoring of China’s progress be undertaken.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Findings** The Congress finds and declares that—
(1) various species of fish, wildlife, and plants in the United States have been rendered extinct as a consequence of economic growth and development untempered by adequate concern and conservation;
(2) other species of fish, wildlife, and plants have been so depleted in numbers that they are in danger of or threatened with extinction;
(3) these species of fish, wildlife, and plants are of esthetic, ecological, educational, historical, recreational, and scientific value to the Nation and its people;
(4) the United States has pledged itself as a sovereign state in the international community to conserve to the extent practicable the various species of fish or wildlife and plants facing extinction, pursuant to—
(A) migratory bird treaties with Canada and Mexico;
(B) the Migratory and Endangered Bird Treaty with Japan;
(C) the Convention on Nature Protection and Wildlife Preservation in the Western Hemisphere;
(D) the International Convention for the Northwest Atlantic Fisheries;
(E) the International Convention for the High Seas Fisheries of the North Pacific Ocean;
(F) the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora; and
(G) other international agreements; and
(5) encouraging the States and other interested parties, through Federal financial assistance and a system of incentives, to develop and maintain conservation programs which meet national and international standards is a key to meeting the Nation’s international commitments and to better safeguarding, for the benefit of all citizens, the Nation’s heritage in fish, wildlife, and plants.
**(b) Purposes** The purposes of this chapter are to provide a means whereby the ecosystems upon which endangered
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** To assist in carrying out this chapter, the Secretary may convene an advisory group consisting of individuals representing public and private organizations actively involved in the conservation of rhinoceros and tiger species.
**(b) Public participation**
(1) **Meetings** — The Advisory Group 11 So in original. Probably should not be capitalized. shall—
(A) ensure that each meeting of the advisory group is open to the public; and
(B) provide, at each meeting, an opportunity for interested persons to present oral or written statements concerning items on the agenda.
(2) **Notice** — The Secretary shall provide to the public timely notice of each meeting of the advisory group.
(3) **Minutes** — Minutes of each meeting of the advisory group shall be kept by the Secretary and shall be made available to the public.
**(c) Exemption from chapter 10 of title 5** Chapter 10 of title 5 shall not apply to the advisory group.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Certification to President**
(1) When the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of State, determines that nationals of a foreign country, directly or indirectly, are conducting fishing operations in a manner or under circumstances which diminish the effectiveness of an international fishery conservation program, the Secretary of Commerce shall certify such fact to the President.
(2) When the Secretary of Commerce or the Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Secretary of State, finds that nationals of a foreign country, directly or indirectly, are engaging in trade or taking which diminishes the effectiveness of any international program for endangered or threatened species, the Secretary making such finding shall certify such fact to the President.
(3) In administering this subsection, the Secretary of Commerce or the Secretary of the Interior, as appropriate, in consultation with the Secretary of State, shall—
(A) periodically monitor the activities of foreign nationals that may affect the international programs referred to in paragraphs (1) and (2);
(B) promptly investigate any activity by foreign nationals that, in the opinion of the Secretary, may be cause for certification under paragraph (1) or (2); and
(C) promptly conclude; and reach a decision with respect to; any investigation commenced under subparagraph (B).
(4) The Secretary of Commerce and the Secretary of the Interior shall each report to Congress each certification to the President made by such Secretary under this subsection, within 15 days after making such certification.
(5) Upon receipt of any certification made under paragraph (1) or (2), the President may direct the Secretary of the Treasury to prohibit the bringing or the importation into the U
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The purpose of this chapter is to perpetuate healthy populations of African elephants.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 1909
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 1531
maintenance of continuing and stable supply of agri-
cultural commodities and forest products.
Section 1502, Pub. L. 91–524, title X, § 1002, as added
Pub. L. 93–86, § 1(28), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 242, required
eligible landowners and operators to furnish plan of
farming operations or land use to Secretary.
Section 1503, Pub. L. 91–524, title X, § 1003, as added
Pub. L. 93–86, § 1(28), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 242; amended
Pub. L. 93–125, § 1(g)(i), Oct. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 450, related
to approved conservation plans as basis for contracts,
duties under contracts, and termination or modifica-
tion of contracts.
Section 1504, Pub. L. 91–524, title X, § 1004, as added
Pub. L. 93–86, § 1(28), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 243, author-
ized furnishing of conservation materials to eligible
owners and operators.
Section 1505, Pub. L. 91–524, title X, § 1005, as added
Pub. L. 93–86, § 1(28), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 243; amended
Pub. L. 95–113, title XV, § 1509, Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat.
1022, authorized establishment of multiyear set-aside
contracts.
Section 1506, Pub. L. 91–524, title X, § 1006, as added
Pub. L. 93–86, § 1(28), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 244, author-
ized issuance of rules and regulations as well as limita-
tions on total retired acreage.
Section 1507, Pub. L. 91–524, title X, § 1007, as added
Pub. L. 93–86, § 1(28), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 244; amended
Pub. L. 93–125, § 1(g)(ii), Oct. 18, 1973, 87 Stat. 450, di-
rected appointment of advisory boards to assist in de-
velopment of programs under this chapter.
Section 1508, Pub. L. 91–524, title X, § 1008, as added
Pub. L. 93–86, § 1(28), Aug. 10, 1973, 87 Stat. 244, directed
coordination with and utilization of Federal, State, and
local services and facili
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 1531
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2540
TITLE 16—CONSERVATION
§ 5301
Sec.
5302.
Purposes.
5303.
Definitions.
5304.
Rhinoceros and tiger conservation assistance.
5305.
Acceptance and use of donations.
5305a.
Prohibition on sale, importation, or expor-
tation of products labeled or advertised as
rhinoceros or tiger products.
5305b.
Educational outreach program.
5305c.
Advisory group.
5306.
Authorization of appropriations.
§ 5301. Findings
The Congress finds the following:
(1) The world’s rhinoceros population is de-
clining at an alarming rate, a 90 percent de-
cline since 1970.
(2) All 5 subspecies of tiger are currently
threatened with extinction in the wild, with
approximately 5,000 to 6,000 tigers remaining
worldwide.
(3) All rhinoceros species have been listed on
Appendix I of CITES since 1977.
(4) All tiger subspecies have been listed on
Appendix I of CITES since 1987.
(5) The tiger and all rhinoceros species, ex-
cept the southern subspecies of white rhinoc-
eros, are listed as endangered species under
the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (16 U.S.C.
1531 et seq.).
(6) In 1987, the parties to CITES adopted a
resolution that urged all parties to establish a
moratorium on the sale and trade in rhinoc-
eros products (other than legally taken tro-
phies), to destroy government stockpiles of
rhinoceros horn, and to exert pressure on
countries continuing to allow trade in rhinoc-
eros products.
(7) On September 7, 1993, under section 1978
of title 22 the Secretary certified that the Peo-
ple’s Republic of China and Taiwan were en-
gaged in trade of rhinoceros parts and tiger
parts that diminished the effectiveness of an
international conservation program for that
endangered species.
(8) On September 9, 1993, the Standing Com-
mittee of CITES, in debating the con
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 16 U.S.C. § 5301
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