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42 U.S.C. § 294a — Area health education centers
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment of awards** The Secretary shall make the following 2 types of awards in accordance with this section:
(1) **Infrastructure development award** — The Secretary shall make awards to eligible entities to enable such entities to initiate health care workforce educational programs or to continue to carry out comparable programs that are operating at the time the award is made by planning, developing, operating, and evaluating an area health education center program.
(2) **Point of service maintenance and enhancement award** — The Secretary shall make awards to eligible entities to maintain and improve the effectiveness and capabilities of an existing area health education center program, and make other modifications to the program that are appropriate due to changes in demographics, needs of the populations served, or other similar issues affecting the area health education center program. For the purposes of this section, the term “Program” refers to the area health education center program.
**(b) Eligible entities; application**
(1) **Eligible entities**
(A) *Infrastructure development* — For purposes of subsection (a)(1), the term “eligible entity” means a school of medicine or osteopathic medicine, an incorporated consortium of such schools, or the parent institutions of such a school. With respect to a State in which no area health education center program is in operation, the Secretary may award a grant or contract under subsection (a)(1) to a school of nursing.
(B) *Point of service maintenance and enhancement* — For purposes of subsection (a)(2), the term “eligible entity” means an entity that has received funds under this section, is operating an area health education center program, including an area health education center or centers,
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Source location: Title 42, Chapter 6A, § 294a; chapter-6a-public-health-service.md
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**(a) Establishment of awards** The Secretary shall make the following 2 types of awards in accordance with this section:
(1) **Infrastructure development award** — The Secretary shall make awards to eligible entities to enable such entities to initiate health care workforce educational programs or to continue to carry out comparable programs that are operating at the time the award is made by planning, developing, operating, and evaluating an area health education center program.
(2) **Point of service maintenance and enhancement award** — The Secretary shall make awards to eligible entities to maintain and improve the effectiveness and capabilities of an existing area health education center program, and make other modifications to the program that are appropriate due to changes in demographics, needs of the populations served, or other similar issues affecting the area health education center program. For the purposes of this section, the term “Program” refers to the area health education center program.
**(b) Eligible entities; application**
(1) **Eligible entities**
(A) *Infrastructure development* — For purposes of subsection (a)(1), the term “eligible entity” means a school of medicine or osteopathic medicine, an incorporated consortium of such schools, or the parent institutions of such a school. With respect to a State in which no area health education center program is in operation, the Secretary may award a grant or contract under subsection (a)(1) to a school of nursing.
(B) *Point of service maintenance and enhancement* — For purposes of subsection (a)(2), the term “eligible entity” means an entity that has received funds under this section, is operating an area health education center program, including an area health education center or centers, and has a center or centers that are no longer eligible to receive financial assistance under subsection (a)(1).
(2) **Application** — An eligible entity desiring to receive an award under this section shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require.
**(c) Use of funds**
(1) **Required activities** — An eligible entity shall use amounts awarded under a grant under subsection (a)(1) or (a)(2) to carry out the following activities:
(A) Develop and implement strategies, in coordination with the applicable one-stop delivery system under [section 3151(e) of title 29](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section3151/e&num=0&edition=prelim), to recruit individuals from underrepresented minority populations or from disadvantaged or rural backgrounds into health professions, and support such individuals in attaining such careers.
(B) Develop and implement strategies to foster and provide community-based training and education to individuals seeking careers in health professions within underserved areas for the purpose of developing and maintaining a diverse health care workforce that is prepared to deliver high-quality care, with an emphasis on primary care, in underserved areas or for health disparity populations, in collaboration with other Federal and State health care workforce development programs, the State workforce agency, and local workforce investment boards, and in health care safety net sites.
(C) Prepare individuals to more effectively provide health services to underserved areas and health disparity populations through field placements or preceptorships in conjunction with community-based organizations, accredited primary care residency training programs, Federally qualified health centers, rural health clinics, public health departments, or other appropriate facilities.
(D) Conduct and participate in interdisciplinary training that involves physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, nurse midwives, dentists, psychologists, pharmacists, optometrists, community health workers, public and allied health professionals, or other health professionals, as practicable.
(E) Deliver or facilitate continuing education and information dissemination programs for health care professionals, with an emphasis on individuals providing care in underserved areas and for health disparity populations.
(F) Propose and implement effective program and outcomes measurement and evaluation strategies.
(G) Establish a youth public health program to expose and recruit high school students into health careers, with a focus on careers in public health.
(2) **Innovative opportunities** — An eligible entity may use amounts awarded under a grant under subsection (a)(1) or subsection (a)(2) to carry out any of the following activities:
(A) Develop and implement innovative curricula in collaboration with community-based accredited primary care residency training programs, Federally qualified health centers, rural health clinics, behavioral and mental health facilities, public health departments, or other appropriate facilities, with the goal of increasing the number of primary care physicians and other primary care providers prepared to serve in underserved areas and health disparity populations.
(B) Coordinate community-based participatory research with academic health centers, and facilitate rapid flow and dissemination of evidence-based health care information, research results, and best practices to improve quality, efficiency, and effectiveness of health care and health care systems within community settings.
(C) Develop and implement other strategies to address identified workforce needs and increase and enhance the health care workforce in the area served by the area health education center program.
**(d) Requirements**
(1) **Area health education center program** — In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall ensure the following:
(A) An entity that receives an award under this section shall conduct at least 10 percent of clinical education required for medical students in community settings that are removed from the primary teaching facility of the contracting institution for grantees that operate a school of medicine or osteopathic medicine. In States in which an entity that receives an award under this section is a nursing school or its parent institution, the Secretary shall alternatively ensure that—
(i) the nursing school conducts at least 10 percent of clinical education required for nursing students in community settings that are remote from the primary teaching facility of the school; and
(ii) the entity receiving the award maintains a written agreement with a school of medicine or osteopathic medicine to place students from that school in training sites in the area health education center program area.
(B) An entity receiving funds under subsection (a)(2) does not distribute such funding to a center that is eligible to receive funding under subsection (a)(1).
(2) **Area health education center** — The Secretary shall ensure that each area health education center program includes at least 1 area health education center, and that each such center—
(A) is a public or private organization whose structure, governance, and operation is independent from the awardee and the parent institution of the awardee;
(B) is not a school of medicine or osteopathic medicine, the parent institution of such a school, or a branch campus or other subunit of a school of medicine or osteopathic medicine or its parent institution, or a consortium of such entities;
(C) designates an underserved area or population to be served by the center which is in a location removed from the main location of the teaching facilities of the schools participating in the program with such center and does not duplicate, in whole or in part, the geographic area or population served by any other center;
(D) fosters networking and collaboration among communities and between academic health centers and community-based centers;
(E) serves communities with a demonstrated need of health professionals in partnership with academic medical centers;
(F) addresses the health care workforce needs of the communities served in coordination with the public workforce investment system; and
(G) has a community-based governing or advisory board that reflects the diversity of the communities involved.
**(e) Matching funds** With respect to the costs of operating a program through a grant under this section, to be eligible for financial assistance under this section, an entity shall make available (directly or through contributions from State, county or municipal governments, or the private sector) recurring non-Federal contributions in cash or in kind, toward such costs in an amount that is equal to not less than 50 percent of such costs. At least 25 percent of the total required non-Federal contributions shall be in cash. An entity may apply to the Secretary for a waiver of not more than 75 percent of the matching fund amount required by the entity for each of the first 3 years the entity is funded through a grant under subsection (a)(1).
**(f) Limitation** Not less than 75 percent of the total amount provided to an area health education center program under subsection (a)(1) or (a)(2) shall be allocated to the area health education centers participating in the program under this section. To provide needed flexibility to newly funded area health education center programs, the Secretary may waive the requirement in the sentence for the first 2 years of a new area health education center program funded under subsection (a)(1).
**(g) Award** An award to an entity under this section shall be not less than $250,000 annually per area health education center included in the program involved. If amounts appropriated to carry out this section are not sufficient to comply with the preceding sentence, the Secretary may reduce the per center amount provided for in such sentence as necessary, provided the distribution established in subsection (j)(2) is maintained.
**(h) Project terms**
(1) **In general** — Except as provided in paragraph (2), the period during which payments may be made under an award under subsection (a)(1) may not exceed—
(A) in the case of a program, 12 years; or
(B) in the case of a center within a program, 6 years.
(2) **Exception** — The periods described in paragraph (1) shall not apply to programs receiving point of service maintenance and enhancement awards under subsection (a)(2) to maintain existing centers and activities.
**(i) Inapplicability of provision** Notwithstanding any other provision of this subchapter, [section 295j(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section295j/a&num=0&edition=prelim) shall not apply to an area health education center funded under this section.
**(j) Authorization of appropriations**
(1) **In general** — There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section $41,250,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025.
(2) **Requirements** — Of the amounts appropriated for a fiscal year under paragraph (1)—
(A) not more than 35 percent shall be used for awards under subsection (a)(1);
(B) not less than 60 percent shall be used for awards under subsection (a)(2);
(C) not more than 1 percent shall be used for grants and contracts to implement outcomes evaluation for the area health education centers; and
(D) not more than 4 percent shall be used for grants and contracts to provide technical assistance to entities receiving awards under this section.
(3) **Carryover funds** — An entity that receives an award under this section may carry over funds from 1 fiscal year to another without obtaining approval from the Secretary. In no case may any funds be carried over pursuant to the preceding sentence for more than 3 years.
**(k) Sense of Congress** It is the sense of the Congress that every State have an area health education center program in effect under this section.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The total principal amount of new loans made and installments paid pursuant to lines of credit (as defined in section 292o of this title) to borrowers covered by Federal loan insurance under this subpart shall not exceed $350,000,000 for fiscal year 1993, $375,000,000 for fiscal year 1994, and $425,000,000 for fiscal year 1995. If the total amount of new loans made and installments paid pursuant to lines of credit in any fiscal year is less than the ceiling established for such year, the difference between the loans made and installments paid and the ceiling shall be carried over to the next fiscal year and added to the ceiling applicable to that fiscal year, and if in any fiscal year no ceiling has been established, any difference carried over shall constitute the ceiling for making new loans (including loans to new borrowers) and paying installments for such fiscal year. Thereafter, Federal loan insurance pursuant to this subpart may be granted only for loans made (or for loan installments paid pursuant to lines of credit) to enable students, who have obtained prior loans insured under this subpart, to continue or complete their educational program or to obtain a loan under [section 292d(a)(1)(B) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section292d/a/1/B&num=0&edition=prelim) to pay interest on such prior loans; but no insurance may be granted for any loan made or installment paid after September 30, 1998. The total principal amount of Federal loan insurance available under this subsection shall be granted by the Secretary without regard to any apportionment for the purpose of chapter 15 of title 31 and without regard to any similar limitation.
**(b) Certain limitations and priorities**
(1) **Limitations
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 292a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Programs to promote mental health among health care professionals**
(1) **In general** — The Secretary shall award grants or contracts to health care entities, including entities that provide health care services, such as hospitals, community health centers, and rural health clinics, or to medical professional associations, to establish or enhance evidence-based or evidence-informed programs dedicated to improving mental health and resiliency for health care professionals.
(2) **Use of funds** — An eligible entity receiving a grant or contract under this subsection shall use funds received through the grant or contract to implement a new program or enhance an existing program to promote mental health among health care professionals, which may include—
(A) improving awareness among health care professionals about risk factors for, and signs of, suicide and mental health or substance use disorders, in accordance with evidence-based or evidence-informed practices;
(B) establishing new, or enhancing existing, evidence-based or evidence-informed programs for preventing suicide and improving mental health and resiliency among health care professionals;
(C) establishing new, or enhancing existing, peer-support programs among health care professionals; or
(D) providing mental health care, follow-up services and care, or referral for such services and care, as appropriate.
(3) **Priority** — In awarding grants and contracts under this subsection, the Secretary shall give priority to eligible entities in health professional shortage areas or rural areas.
**(b) Training grants** The Secretary may establish a program to award grants to health professions schools, academic health centers, State or local governments, Indian Tribes or Tribal organizations, or oth
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 294t
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** There is established a competitive health care workforce development grant program (referred to in this section as the “program”) for the purpose of enabling State partnerships to complete comprehensive planning and to carry out activities leading to coherent and comprehensive health care workforce development strategies at the State and local levels.
**(b) Fiscal and administrative agent** The Health Resources and Services Administration of the Department of Health and Human Services (referred to in this section as the “Administration”) shall be the fiscal and administrative agent for the grants awarded under this section. The Administration is authorized to carry out the program, in consultation with the National Health Care Workforce Commission (referred to in this section as the “Commission”), which shall review reports on the development, implementation, and evaluation activities of the grant program, including—
(1) administering the grants;
(2) providing technical assistance to grantees; and
(3) reporting performance information to the Commission.
**(c) Planning grants**
(1) **Amount and duration** — A planning grant shall be awarded under this subsection for a period of not more than one year and the maximum award may not be more than $150,000.
(2) **Eligibility** — To be eligible to receive a planning grant, an entity shall be an eligible partnership. An eligible partnership shall be a State workforce investment board, if it includes or modifies the members to include at least one representative from each of the following: health care employer, labor organization, a public 2-year institution of higher education, a public 4-year institution of higher education, the recognized State federation of labor, the State public secondary educa
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 294r
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purpose** It is the purpose of this section to—
(1) provide for the development of information describing the health professions workforce and the analysis of workforce related issues; and
(2) provide necessary information for decision-making regarding future directions in health professions and nursing programs in response to societal and professional needs.
**(b) National Center for Health Care Workforce Analysis**
(1) **Establishment** — The Secretary shall establish the National Center for Health Workforce Analysis (referred to in this section as the “National Center”).
(2) **Purposes** — The National Center, in coordination to the extent practicable with the National Health Care Workforce Commission (established in [section 294q of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section294q&num=0&edition=prelim)), and relevant regional and State centers and agencies, shall—
(A) provide for the development of information describing and analyzing the health care workforce and workforce related issues;
(B) carry out the activities under [section 295k(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section295k/a&num=0&edition=prelim);
(C) annually evaluate programs under this subchapter;
(D) develop and publish performance measures and benchmarks for programs under this subchapter; and
(E) establish, maintain, and publicize a national Internet registry of each grant awarded under this subchapter and a database to collect data from longitudinal evaluations (as described in subsection (d)(2)) on performance measures (as developed under sections 293l(d)(3), 294f(d)(3), and 294o(a)(3) of this title).
(3) **Collaboration and data sharing**
(A) *In general* — The National Ce
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 294n
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In order to simplify reporting requirements and reduce reporting burdens, the Secretary of Labor, the Secretary of Education, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall establish procedures and criteria under which a State board and local board may reduce reporting burdens and requirements under this Act (including the amendments made by this Act).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 29 U.S.C. § 3101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Consideration of individual characteristics of members in making assignments** In making an assignment of a Corps member to an entity that has had an application approved under [section 254f of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section254f&num=0&edition=prelim), the Secretary shall, subject to making the assignment in accordance with [section 254f–1 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section254f-1&num=0&edition=prelim), seek to assign to the entity a Corps member who has (and whose spouse, if any, has) characteristics that increase the probability that the member will remain in the health professional shortage area involved after the completion of the period of service in the Corps.
**(b) Counseling on service in Corps**
(1) **In general** — The Secretary shall, subject to paragraph (3), offer appropriate counseling on service in the Corps to individuals during the period of membership in the Corps, particularly during the initial period of each assignment.
(2) **Career advisor regarding obligated service**
(A) In the case of individuals who have entered into contracts for obligated service under the Scholarship or Loan Repayment Program, counseling under paragraph (1) shall include appropriate counseling on matters particular to such obligated service. The Secretary shall ensure that career advisors for providing such counseling are available to such individuals throughout the period of participation in the Scholarship or Loan Repayment Program.
(B) With respect to the Scholarship Program, counseling under paragraph (1) shall include counseling individuals during the period in which the individuals are pursuing an educational degree in the health profession in
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 254h–1
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** The Secretary shall establish the National Health Service Corps Scholarship Program to assure, with respect to the provision of primary health services pursuant to [section 254d(a)(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section254d/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(1) an adequate supply of physicians, dentists, behavioral and mental health professionals, certified nurse midwives, certified nurse practitioners, and physician assistants; and
(2) if needed by the Corps, an adequate supply of other health professionals.
**(b) Eligibility; application; written contract** To be eligible to participate in the Scholarship Program, an individual must—
(1) be accepted for enrollment, or be enrolled, as a full-time student (A) in an accredited (as determined by the Secretary) educational institution in a State and (B) in a course of study or program, offered by such institution and approved by the Secretary, leading to a degree in medicine, osteopathic medicine, dentistry, or other health profession, or an appropriate degree from a graduate program of behavioral and mental health;
(2) be eligible for, or hold, an appointment as a commissioned officer in the Regular or Reserve Corps 11 See Change of Name note below. of the Service or be eligible for selection for civilian service in the Corps;
(3) submit an application to participate in the Scholarship Program; and
(4) sign and submit to the Secretary, at the time of submittal of such application, a written contract (described in subsection (f)) to accept payment of a scholarship and to serve (in accordance with this subpart) for the applicable period of obligated service in a health professional shortage area.
**(c) Review and evaluation of information and for
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 254l
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary shall award grants, contracts, or cooperative agreements to eligible entities to promote positive health behaviors and outcomes for populations in medically underserved communities by leveraging community health workers, including by addressing ongoing and longer-term community health needs, and by building the capacity of the community health worker workforce. Such grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements shall be awarded in alignment and coordination with existing funding arrangements supporting community health workers.
**(b) Use of funds** Subject to any requirements for the scope of licensure, registration, or certification of a community health worker under applicable State law, grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements awarded under subsection (a) shall be used to—
(1) recruit, hire, train, and retain community health workers that reflect the needs of the community;
(2) support community health workers in providing education and outreach, in a community setting, regarding—
(A) health conditions prevalent in—
(i) medically underserved communities (as defined in [section 295p of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section295p&num=0&edition=prelim)), particularly racial and ethnic minority populations; and
(ii) other such at-risk populations or geographic areas that may require additional support during public health emergencies, which may include counties identified by the Secretary using applicable measures developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or other Federal agencies; and
(B) addressing health disparities, including by—
(i) promoting awareness of services and resources to increase access to health care, mental health and substance
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 280g–11
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Distribution after termination of fund** If a school terminates a loan fund established under an agreement pursuant to [section 292q(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section292q/b&num=0&edition=prelim), or if the Secretary for good cause terminates the agreement with the school, there shall be a capital distribution as follows:
(1) The Secretary shall first be paid an amount which bears the same ratio to such balance in such fund on the date of termination of the fund as the total amount of the Federal capital contributions to such fund by the Secretary pursuant to [section 292q(b)(2)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section292q/b/2/A&num=0&edition=prelim) bears to the total amount in such fund derived from such Federal capital contributions and from funds deposited therein pursuant to [section 292q(b)(2)(B) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section292q/b/2/B&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) The remainder of such balance shall be paid to the school.
**(b) Payment of proportionate share to Secretary** If a capital distribution is made under subsection (a), the school involved shall, after the capital distribution, pay to the Secretary, not less often than quarterly, the same proportionate share of amounts received by the school in payment of principal or interest on loans made from the loan fund established pursuant to [section 292q(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section292q/b&num=0&edition=prelim) as was determined by the Secretary under subsection (a).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 292x
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For purposes of this subchapter:
(1)
(A) The terms “school of medicine”, “school of dentistry”, “school of osteopathic medicine”, “school of pharmacy”, “school of optometry”, “school of podiatric medicine”, “school of veterinary medicine”, “school of public health”, and “school of chiropractic” mean an accredited public or nonprofit private school in a State that provides training leading, respectively, to a degree of doctor of medicine, a degree of doctor of dentistry or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of osteopathy, a degree of bachelor of science in pharmacy or an equivalent degree or a degree of doctor of pharmacy or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of optometry or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of podiatric medicine or an equivalent degree, a degree of doctor of veterinary medicine or an equivalent degree, a graduate degree in public health or an equivalent degree, and a degree of doctor of chiropractic or an equivalent degree, and including advanced training related to such training provided by any such school.
(B) The terms “graduate program in health administration” and “graduate program in clinical psychology” mean an accredited graduate program in a public or nonprofit private institution in a State that provides training leading, respectively, to a graduate degree in health administration or an equivalent degree and a doctoral degree in clinical psychology or an equivalent degree.
(C) The terms “graduate program in clinical social work” and “graduate program in marriage and family therapy” and “graduate program in professional counseling” mean an accredited graduate program in a public or nonprofit private institution in a State that provides training, respectively, in a concentration in health or mental health care leadin
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 295p
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