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10 U.S.C. § 12103 — Reserve components: terms
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Except as otherwise prescribed by law, enlistments as Reserves are for terms prescribed by the Secretary concerned. However, an enlistment that is in effect at the beginning of a war or of a national emergency declared by Congress, or entered into during such a war or emergency, and that would otherwise expire, continues in effect until the expiration of six months after the end of that war or emergency, whichever is later, unless sooner terminated by the Secretary concerned.
**(b)** Under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, and by the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, a person who is qualified for enlistment for active duty in an armed force, and who is not under orders to report for induction into an armed force under the Military Selective Service Act ([50 U.S.C. 3801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), may be enlisted as a Reserve for service in the Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Air Force Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, or Coast Guard Reserve, for a term of not less than six years nor more than eight years. Each person enlisted under this subsection shall serve—
(1) on active duty for a period of not less than two years; and
(2) the rest of his period of enlistment as a member of the Ready Reserve.
**(c)** In time of war or of national emergency declared by Congress the term of service of an enlisted member transferred to a reserve component according to law, that would otherwise expire, continues until the expiration of six months after the end of that war or emergency, whichever is later, unless sooner terminated by the Secretary concerned.
**(d)** Under regulations to be presc
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-10/section-12103-reserve-components-terms--ab3ba13403.md
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Source location: Title 10, Chapter 1203, § 12103; chapter-1203-enlisted-members.md
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**(a)** Except as otherwise prescribed by law, enlistments as Reserves are for terms prescribed by the Secretary concerned. However, an enlistment that is in effect at the beginning of a war or of a national emergency declared by Congress, or entered into during such a war or emergency, and that would otherwise expire, continues in effect until the expiration of six months after the end of that war or emergency, whichever is later, unless sooner terminated by the Secretary concerned.
**(b)** Under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, and by the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, a person who is qualified for enlistment for active duty in an armed force, and who is not under orders to report for induction into an armed force under the Military Selective Service Act ([50 U.S.C. 3801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), may be enlisted as a Reserve for service in the Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Air Force Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, or Coast Guard Reserve, for a term of not less than six years nor more than eight years. Each person enlisted under this subsection shall serve—
(1) on active duty for a period of not less than two years; and
(2) the rest of his period of enlistment as a member of the Ready Reserve.
**(c)** In time of war or of national emergency declared by Congress the term of service of an enlisted member transferred to a reserve component according to law, that would otherwise expire, continues until the expiration of six months after the end of that war or emergency, whichever is later, unless sooner terminated by the Secretary concerned.
**(d)** Under regulations to be prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, or the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy, a non-prior-service person who is qualified for induction for active duty in an armed force and who is not under orders to report for induction into an armed force under the Military Selective Service Act ([50 U.S.C. 3801](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3801&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), except as provided in clauses (ii) and (iii) of section 6(c)(2)(A) of such Act ([50 U.S.C. 3806(c)(2)(A)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3806/c/2/A&num=0&edition=prelim)), may be enlisted in the Army National Guard or the Air National Guard, or as a Reserve for service in the Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Air Force Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, or Coast Guard Reserve, for a term of not less than six years nor more than eight years. Each person enlisted under this subsection shall perform an initial period of active duty for training of not less than twelve weeks to commence insofar as practicable within one year after the date of that enlistment.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Program Authority.—** The Secretary of each military department may establish a program to increase the number of, and the level of the qualifications of, persons entering the armed forces as enlisted members by encouraging recruits to pursue higher education or vocational or technical training before entry into active service.
**(b) Delayed Entry With Allowance for Higher Education.—** The Secretary concerned may—
(1) exercise the authority under [section 513 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section513&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(A) to accept the enlistment of a person as a Reserve for service in the Selected Reserve or Individual Ready Reserve of a reserve component, or as a member of the Space Force, notwithstanding the scope of the authority under subsection (a) of that section, in the case of the Army National Guard of the United States or Air National Guard of the United States; and
(B) to authorize, notwithstanding the period limitation in subsection (b) of that section, a delay of the enlistment of any such person in a regular component under that subsection for the period during which the person is enrolled in, and pursuing a program of education at, an institution of higher education, or a program of vocational or technical training, on a full-time basis that is to be completed within the maximum period of delay determined for that person under subsection (c); and
(2) subject to paragraph (2) of subsection (d) and except as provided in paragraph (3) of that subsection, pay an allowance to a person accepted for enlistment under paragraph (1)(A) for each month of the period during which that person is enrolled in and pursuing a program described in paragraph (1)(B).
**(c) Maximum Period of Delay.—**
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 511
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** This Act may be cited as the “Military Selective Service Act”.
**(b)** The Congress declares that an adequate armed strength must be achieved and maintained to insure the security of this Nation.
**(c)** The Congress further declares that in a free society the obligations and privileges of serving in the armed forces and the reserve components thereof should be shared generally, in accordance with a system of selection which is fair and just, and which is consistent with the maintenance of an effective national economy.
**(d)** The Congress further declares, in accordance with our traditional military policy as expressed in the National Defense Act of 1916, as amended, that it is essential that the strength and organization of the National Guard, both Ground and Air, as an integral part of the first line defenses of this Nation, be at all times maintained and assured.To this end, it is the intent of the Congress that whenever Congress shall determine that units and organizations are needed for the national security in excess of those of the Regular components of the Ground Forces and the Air Forces, and those in active service under this chapter, the National Guard of the United States, both Ground and Air, or such part thereof as may be necessary, together with such units of the Reserve components as are necessary for a balanced force, shall be ordered to active Federal service and continued therein so long as such necessity exists.
**(e)** The Congress further declares that adequate provision for national security requires maximum effort in the fields of scientific research and development, and the fullest possible utilization of the Nation’s technological, scientific, and other critical manpower resources.
**(f)** The Congress further declares that the S
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 3801
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) There are 20 Assistant Secretaries of Defense.
(2) The Assistant Secretaries of Defense shall be appointed from civilian life by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate.
**(b)**
(1) The Assistant Secretaries shall perform such duties and exercise such powers as the Secretary of Defense may prescribe.
(2)
(A) One of the Assistant Secretaries is the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations and Low Intensity Conflict. The principal duty of the Assistant Secretary shall be the overall supervision (including oversight of policy and resources) of special operations activities (as defined in [section 167(k) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section167/k&num=0&edition=prelim)) and low intensity conflict activities of the Department of Defense. The Assistant Secretary is the principal civilian adviser to the Secretary of Defense on special operations and low intensity conflict matters and (after the Secretary and Deputy Secretary) is the principal special operations and low intensity conflict official within the senior management of the Department of Defense. A person may not be appointed as Assistant Secretary within seven years after relief from active duty as a commissioned officer of a regular component of an armed force. Subject to the authority, direction, and control of the Secretary of Defense, the Assistant Secretary shall do the following:
(i) Exercise authority, direction, and control of all special-operations peculiar administrative matters relating to the organization, training, and equipping of special operations forces through the administrative chain of command specified in [section 167(f) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Enlistment Incentive Program.—** The Secretary of Defense shall carry out an enlistment incentive program in accordance with this section under which a person who is a National Call to Service participant shall be entitled to one of the incentives specified in subsection (e). The program shall be carried out during the period ending on December 31, 2007, and may be carried out after that date.
**(b) National Call to Service Participant.—** In this section, the term “National Call to Service participant” means a person who has not previously served in the armed forces who enters into an original enlistment pursuant to a written agreement with the Secretary of a military department (in such form and manner as may be prescribed by that Secretary) under which the person agrees to perform a period of national service as specified in subsection (c).
**(c) National Service.—** The total period of national service to which a National Call to Service participant is obligated under the agreement under this section shall be specified in the agreement. Under the agreement, the participant shall—
(1) upon completion of initial entry training (as prescribed by the Secretary of Defense), serve on active duty in a military occupational specialty designated by the Secretary of Defense under subsection (d) for a period of 15 months;
(2) upon completion of the period of active duty specified in paragraph (1) and without a break in service, serve either (A) an additional period of active duty as determined by the Secretary of Defense, or (B) a period of 24 months in an active status in the Selected Reserve or the Space Force; and
(3) upon completion of the period of service specified in paragraph (2), and without a break in service, serve the remaining period of obligated servic
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Each person who becomes a member of an armed force, other than a person deferred under the next to the last sentence of section 6(d)(1) of the Military Selective Service Act ([50 U.S.C. 3806(d)(1)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3806/d/1&num=0&edition=prelim)), shall serve in the armed forces for a total initial period of not less than six years nor more than eight years, as provided in regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense for the armed forces under his jurisdiction and by the Secretary of Homeland Security for the Coast Guard when it is not operating as service in the Navy, unless such person is sooner discharged under such regulations because of personal hardship. Any part of such service that is not active duty or that is active duty for training shall be performed in a reserve component.
**(b)** Each person covered by subsection (a) who is not a Reserve, and who is qualified, shall, upon his release from active duty, be transferred to a reserve component to complete the service required by subsection (a).
**(c)**
(1) For the armed forces under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary may waive the initial period of required service otherwise established pursuant to subsection (a) in the case of the initial appointment of a commissioned officer in a critically short health professional specialty specified by the Secretary for purposes of this subsection or in the case of an unrestricted officer designated within a cyberspace occupational specialty.
(2) The minimum period of obligated service for an officer under a waiver under this subsection shall be the greater of—
(A) two years;
(B) in the case of an officer who has accepted an accession bonus or executed a contract or
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 651
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The following definitions apply in this title:
(1) The term “United States”, in a geographic sense, means the States and the District of Columbia.
(2) Repealed. Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title X, § 1057(a)(1), Jan. 6, 2006, 119 Stat. 3440.]
(3) The term “possessions” includes the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, and the Guano Islands, so long as they remain possessions, but does not include any Commonwealth.
(4) The term “armed forces” means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, and Coast Guard.
(5) The term “uniformed services” means—
(A) the armed forces;
(B) the commissioned corps of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; and
(C) the commissioned corps of the Public Health Service.
(6) The term “department”, when used with respect to a military department, means the executive part of the department and all field headquarters, forces, reserve components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of the department. When used with respect to the Department of Defense, such term means the executive part of the department, including the executive parts of the military departments, and all field headquarters, forces, reserve components, installations, activities, and functions under the control or supervision of the Secretary of Defense, including those of the military departments.
(7) The term “executive part of the department” means the executive part of the Department of Defense, Department of the Army, Department of the Navy, or Department of the Air Force, as the case may be, at the seat of government.
(8) The term “military departments” means the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the Department of the Air Force.
(9) The term
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purposes of this chapter—
(1)
(A) The term “eligible veteran” means any veteran who is not eligible for educational assistance under chapter 34 of this title and who (i) entered military service on or after January 1, 1977, and before July 1, 1985, served on active duty for a period of more than 180 days commencing on or after January 1, 1977, and was discharged or released therefrom under conditions other than dishonorable, or (ii) entered military service on or after January 1, 1977, and before July 1, 1985, and was discharged or released from active duty after January 1, 1977, for a service-connected disability.
(B) The requirement of discharge or release, prescribed in subparagraph (A), shall be waived in the case of any participant who has completed his or her first obligated period of active duty (which began after December 31, 1976) or 6 years of active duty (which began after December 31, 1976), whichever period is less.
(C) For the purposes of subparagraphs (A) and (B), the term “active duty” does not include any period during which an individual (i) was assigned full time by the Armed Forces to a civilian institution for a course of education which was substantially the same as established courses offered to civilians, (ii) served as a cadet or midshipman at one of the service academies, or (iii) served under the provisions of section 511(d) 11 See References in Text note below. of title 10 pursuant to an enlistment in the Army National Guard or the Air National Guard, or as a Reserve for service in the Army Reserve, Navy Reserve, Air Force Reserve, Marine Corps Reserve, or Coast Guard Reserve.
(D)
(i) The requirement of ineligibility for educational assistance under chapter 34 of this title, prescribed in subparagraph (A), shall be w
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 1011, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 260, as added Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 665, § 2(h), 69 Stat. 599, related to records of persons participating in active and inactive duty training. See [section 10204 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section10204&num=0&edition=prelim), Armed Forces.
Section 1012, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 261, as added Aug. 9, 1955, ch. 665, § 2(i), 69 Stat. 600, related to period of enlistment in Reserve components. See [section 12103 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section12103&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 1011, 1012
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general**
(1) Commissioned officers, warrant officers, pay clerks, enlisted men, and aviation cadets of the Regular Army, the Navy, the Air Force, the Marine Corps, the Coast Guard, and the Environmental Science Services Administration; 11 See Transfer of Functions note below. cadets, United States Military Academy; midshipmen, United States Naval Academy; cadets, United States Air Force Academy; cadets, United States Coast Guard Academy; midshipmen, Merchant Marine Reserve, members of the United States Navy Reserve; students enrolled in an officer procurement program at military colleges the curriculum of which is approved by the Secretary of Defense; members of the reserve components of the Armed Forces and the Coast Guard, while on active duty; and foreign diplomatic representatives, technical attachés of foreign embassies and legations, consuls general, consuls, vice consuls and other consular agents of foreign countries who are not citizens of the United States, and members of their families, and persons in other categories to be specified by the President who are not citizens of the United States, shall not be required to be registered under [section 3802 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3802&num=0&edition=prelim) and shall be relieved from liability for training and service under [section 3803 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title50-section3803&num=0&edition=prelim), except that aliens admitted for permanent residence in the United States shall not be so exempted: Provided, That any alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence as defined in paragraph (20) of [section 1101(a) of title 8](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-ti
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 3806
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 941, acts July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 217, 66 Stat. 486; July 30, 1956, ch. 789, § 4(a), 70 Stat. 729, related to qualifications for appointments and enlistments in the Reserves. See sections 12102, 12201, and 12204 of Title 10, Armed Forces. Act July 30, 1956, ch. 789, § 4(a), 70 Stat. 729, was repealed by Pub. L. 85–861, § 36A, Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1570.
Section 942, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 218, 66 Stat. 487, authorized the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make appointments to general or flag officer grade. See [section 12203 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section12203&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 943, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 219, 66 Stat. 487, authorized the President to make appointments in commissioned grades below general or flag officer grades. See [section 12203 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section12203&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 944, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 220, 66 Stat. 487, related to appointments in warrant officer grades. See [section 12241 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section12241&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 945, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 221, 66 Stat. 487, related to tenure of appointments of commissioned officers. See [section 12203 of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section12203&num=0&edition=prelim).
Section 946, act July 9, 1952, ch. 608, pt. II, § 222, 66 Stat. 487, provided for a common Federal appointment for officers. See [section 12201(a) of Title 10](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 941 to 956
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