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15 U.S.C. § 278q — Appropriations; availability
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Appropriations to carry out the provisions of this chapter may remain available for obligation and expenditure for such period or periods as may be specified in the Acts making such appropriations.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-278q-appropriations-availability--c672a7e984.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 7, § 278q; chapter-007-national-institute-of-standards-and-technology.md
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Appropriations to carry out the provisions of this chapter may remain available for obligation and expenditure for such period or periods as may be specified in the Acts making such appropriations.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** The Director shall establish a program of assistance to institutions of higher education that enter into partnerships with for-profit entities to support research to improve the security of computer systems. The partnerships may also include government laboratories and nonprofit research institutions. The program shall—
(1) include multidisciplinary, long-term research;
(2) include research directed toward addressing needs identified through the activities of the Computer System Security 11 So in original. Probably should be “Information Security”. and Privacy Advisory Board under section 278g–3(f) 22 See References in Text note below. of this title; and
(3) promote the development of a robust research community working at the leading edge of knowledge in subject areas relevant to the security of computer systems by providing support for graduate students, post-doctoral researchers, and senior researchers.
**(b) Fellowships**
(1) **Post-doctoral research fellowships** — The Director is authorized to establish a program to award post-doctoral research fellowships to individuals who are citizens, nationals, or lawfully admitted permanent resident aliens of the United States and are seeking research positions at institutions, including the Institute, engaged in research activities related to the security of computer systems, including the research areas described in [section 7403(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section7403/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Senior research fellowships** — The Director is authorized to establish a program to award senior research fellowships to individuals seeking research positions at institutions, including the Institute, engaged in research activities rel
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 278h
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment; programs of research; functions of Secretary; dissemination of information** There is hereby established within the Department of Commerce a Fire Research Center which shall have the mission of performing and supporting research on all aspects of fire with the aim of providing scientific and technical knowledge applicable to the prevention and control of fires. The content and priorities of the research program shall be determined in consultation with the Administrator of the United States Fire Administration. In implementing this section, the Secretary is authorized to conduct, directly or through contracts or grants, a fire research program, including—
(1) basic and applied fire research for the purpose of arriving at an understanding of the fundamental processes underlying all aspects of fire. Such research shall include scientific investigations of—
(A) the physics and chemistry of combustion processes;
(B) the dynamics of flame ignition, flame spread, and flame extinguishment;
(C) the composition of combustion products developed by various sources and under various environmental conditions;
(D) the early stages of fires in buildings and other structures, structural subsystems and structural components in all other types of fires, including, but not limited to, forest fires, brush fires, fires underground, oil blowout fires, and waterborne fires, with the aim of improving early detection capability;
(E) the behavior of fires involving all types of buildings and other structures and their contents (including mobile homes and highrise buildings, construction materials, floor and wall coverings, coatings, furnishings, and other combustible materials), and all other types of fires, including forest fires, brush fires, fires undergrou
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 278f
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Congress finds and declares the following:
(1) The future well-being of the United States economy depends on a strong manufacturing base and requires continual improvements in manufacturing technology, quality control, and techniques for ensuring product reliability and cost-effectiveness.
(2) Precise measurements, calibrations, and standards help United States industry and manufacturing concerns compete strongly in world markets.
(3) Improvements in manufacturing and product technology depend on fundamental scientific and engineering research to develop (A) the precise and accurate measurement methods and measurement standards needed to improve quality and reliability, and (B) new technological processes by which such improved methods may be used in practice to improve manufacturing and to assist industry to transfer important laboratory discoveries into commercial products.
(4) Scientific progress, public safety, and product compatibility and standardization also depend on the development of precise measurement methods, standards, and related basic technologies.
(5) The National Bureau of Standards since its establishment has served as the Federal focal point in developing basic measurement standards and related technologies, has taken a lead role in stimulating cooperative work among private industrial organizations in efforts to surmount technological hurdles, and otherwise has been responsible for assisting in the improvement of industrial technology.
(6) The Federal Government should maintain a national science, engineering, and technology laboratory which provides measurement methods, standards, and associated technologies and which aids United States companies in using new technologies to improve products and manufacturing processes.
(7) Such
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 271
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Director is authorized to expend funds appropriated for activities of the Institute in any fiscal year, to support, promote, and coordinate activities and efforts to enhance public awareness and understanding of measurement sciences, standards and technology at the national measurement laboratories and otherwise in fulfillment of the mission of the Institute. The Director shall carry out activities under this subsection, including education and outreach activities to the general public, industry and diverse types of institutions of higher education, including historically Black colleges and universities, Tribal Colleges and Universities, and minority-serving institutions, and community colleges in support of the Institute’s mission.
**(b) Hiring** The Director, in coordination with the Director of the Office of Personnel Management, may revise the procedures the Director applies when making appointments to laboratory positions within the competitive service—
(1) to ensure corporate memory of and expertise in the fundamental ongoing work, and on developing new capabilities in priority areas;
(2) to maintain high overall technical competence;
(3) to improve staff diversity;
(4) to balance emphases on the noncore and core areas; or
(5) to improve the ability of the Institute to compete in the marketplace for qualified personnel.
**(c) Volunteers**
(1) **In general** — The Director may establish a program to use volunteers in carrying out the programs of the Institute.
(2) **Acceptance of personnel** — The Director may accept, subject to regulations issued by the Office of Personnel Management, voluntary service for the Institute for such purpose if the service—
(A) is to be without compensation; and
(B) will not be used to displace any
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 278g–1
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Institute and the National Academy of Sciences, jointly, shall establish and conduct a post-doctoral fellowship program, subject to the availability of appropriations.
**(b) Organization** The post-doctoral fellowship program shall include not less than 20 new fellows per fiscal year.
**(c) Evaluations** In evaluating applications for post-doctoral fellowships under this section, the Director of the Institute and the President of the National Academy of Sciences shall give consideration to the goal of promoting the participation of individuals identified in sections 1885a and 1885b of title 42 in research areas supported by the Institute.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 278g–2
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Institute shall—
(1) have the mission of developing standards, guidelines, and associated methods and techniques for information systems;
(2) develop standards and guidelines, including minimum requirements, for information systems used or operated by an agency or by a contractor of an agency or other organization on behalf of an agency, other than national security systems (as defined in [section 3552(b)(6) of title 44](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title44-section3552/b/6&num=0&edition=prelim));
(3) develop standards and guidelines, including minimum requirements, for providing adequate information security for all agency operations and assets, but such standards and guidelines shall not apply to national security systems;
(4) carry out the responsibilities described in paragraph (3) through the Computer Security Division; and
(5) identify and develop standards and guidelines for improving the cybersecurity workforce for an agency as part of the National Initiative for Cybersecurity Education (NICE) Cybersecurity Workforce Framework (NIST Special Publication 800–181), or successor framework.
**(b) Minimum requirements for standards and guidelines** The standards and guidelines required by subsection (a) shall include, at a minimum—
(1)
(A) standards to be used by all agencies to categorize all information and information systems collected or maintained by or on behalf of each agency based on the objectives of providing appropriate levels of information security according to a range of risk levels;
(B) guidelines recommending the types of information and information systems to be included in each such category; and
(C) minimum information security requirements for information and information systems
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 278g–3
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) , (b) Omitted**
**(c) Security automation and checklists for Government systems**
(1) **In general** — The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall, as necessary, develop and revise security automation standards, associated reference materials (including protocols), and checklists providing settings and option selections that minimize the security risks associated with each information technology hardware or software system and security tool that is, or is likely to become, widely used within the Federal Government, thereby enabling standardized and interoperable technologies, architectures, and frameworks for continuous monitoring of information security within the Federal Government.
(2) **Priorities for development** — The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology shall establish priorities for the development of standards, reference materials, and checklists under this subsection on the basis of—
(A) the security risks associated with the use of the system;
(B) the number of agencies that use a particular system or security tool;
(C) the usefulness of the standards, reference materials, or checklists to Federal agencies that are users or potential users of the system;
(D) the effectiveness of the associated standard, reference material, or checklist in creating or enabling continuous monitoring of information security; or
(E) such other factors as the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology determines to be appropriate.
(3) **Excluded systems** — The Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology may exclude from the application of paragraph (1) any information technology hardware or software system or security tool for which such Director determines that
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 7406
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 694
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 278n–2
(c) Report
Not later than 18 months after January 4, 2011,
the Director shall submit to Congress and make
publicly available a report describing the assess-
ment performed under subsection (b)(1) and
making recommendations about research prior-
ities to address gaps in the measurement, tech-
nical standards, and conformity assessment
needs identified by the assessment.
(Pub. L. 111–358, title IV, § 405, Jan. 4, 2011, 124
Stat. 4003.)
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section was enacted as part of the America COM-
PETES Reauthorization Act of 2010, also known as the
America Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Pro-
mote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science
Reauthorization Act of 2010, and as part of the National
Institute of Standards and Technology Authorization
Act of 2010, and not as part of the National Institute of
Standards and Technology Act which comprises this
chapter.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
DEFINITIONS
Pub. L. 111–358, title IV, § 409, Jan. 4, 2011, 124 Stat.
4004, provided that: ‘‘In this title [enacting this section
and sections 273a and 278n–2 of this title, amending sec-
tions 274, 278g–1, 278g–2, 278g–2a, and 278k of this title
and sections 5314 and 5315 of Title 5, Government Orga-
nization and Employees, and repealing section 1533 of
this title and provisions set out as a note under section
278k of this title]:
‘‘(1) DIRECTOR.—The term ‘Director’ means the Di-
rector of the National Institute of Standards and
Technology.
‘‘(2) FEDERAL AGENCY.—The term ‘Federal agency’
has the meaning given such term in section 4 of the
Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of 1980
(15 U.S.C. 3703).
‘‘(3) HIGH PERFORMANCE GREEN BUILDING.—The term
‘high performance
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 278q
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