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10 U.S.C. § 2241 — Availability of appropriations for certain purposes
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Operation and Maintenance Appropriations.—** Amounts appropriated to the Department of Defense for operation and maintenance of the active forces may be used for the following purposes:
(1) Morale, welfare, and recreation.
(2) Modification of personal property.
(3) Design of vessels.
(4) Industrial mobilization.
(5) Military communications facilities on merchant vessels.
(6) Acquisition of services, special clothing, supplies, and equipment.
(7) Expenses for the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps and other units at educational institutions.
**(b) Necessary Expenses.—** Amounts appropriated to the Department of Defense may be used for all necessary expenses, at the seat of the Government or elsewhere, in connection with communication and other services and supplies that may be necessary for the national defense.
**(c) Activities of the National Committee for Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve.—** Amounts appropriated for operation and maintenance may, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, be used by the Secretary for official reception, representation, and advertising activities and materials of the National Committee for Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve to further employer commitments to their employees who are members of a reserve component.
**(d) Implementation of Vienna Document 2011.—** Amounts appropriated for operation and maintenance may be used by the Secretary of Defense for travel, transportation, and subsistence expenses for meetings and demonstrations hosted by the Department of Defense for the implementation of the Vienna Document 2011 on Confidence and Security-Building Measures.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2241
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_55d27148c514377cb9e06901
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-10/section-2241-availability-of-appropriations-for-certain-purposes--9376d95d9c.md
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Passage SHA-256: 36bdec8432aeaf13fd5196b399137997bd0754d6add87647df631e38afba341c
Source location: Title 10, Chapter 134, § 2241; chapter-134-miscellaneous-administrative-provisions.md
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**(a) Operation and Maintenance Appropriations.—** Amounts appropriated to the Department of Defense for operation and maintenance of the active forces may be used for the following purposes:
(1) Morale, welfare, and recreation.
(2) Modification of personal property.
(3) Design of vessels.
(4) Industrial mobilization.
(5) Military communications facilities on merchant vessels.
(6) Acquisition of services, special clothing, supplies, and equipment.
(7) Expenses for the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps and other units at educational institutions.
**(b) Necessary Expenses.—** Amounts appropriated to the Department of Defense may be used for all necessary expenses, at the seat of the Government or elsewhere, in connection with communication and other services and supplies that may be necessary for the national defense.
**(c) Activities of the National Committee for Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve.—** Amounts appropriated for operation and maintenance may, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense, be used by the Secretary for official reception, representation, and advertising activities and materials of the National Committee for Employer Support of the Guard and Reserve to further employer commitments to their employees who are members of a reserve component.
**(d) Implementation of Vienna Document 2011.—** Amounts appropriated for operation and maintenance may be used by the Secretary of Defense for travel, transportation, and subsistence expenses for meetings and demonstrations hosted by the Department of Defense for the implementation of the Vienna Document 2011 on Confidence and Security-Building Measures.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Prohibition.—** Except as otherwise provided in this section, the Secretary of a military department may not carry out a modification of an aircraft, weapon, vessel, or other item of equipment that the Secretary plans to retire or otherwise dispose of within five years after the date on which the modification, if carried out, would be completed.
**(b) Exceptions.—**
(1) **Exception for below-threshold modifications.—** — The prohibition in subsection (a) does not apply to a modification for which the cost is less than $100,000.
(2) **Exception for transfer of reusable items of value.—** — The prohibition in subsection (a) does not apply to a modification in a case in which—
(A) the reusable items of value, as determined by the Secretary, installed on the item of equipment as part of such modification will, upon the retirement or disposal of the item to be modified, be removed from such item of equipment, refurbished, and installed on another item of equipment; and
(B) the cost of such modification (including the cost of the removal and refurbishment of reusable items of value under subparagraph (A)) is less than $1,000,000.
(3) **Exception for safety modifications.—** — The prohibition in subsection (a) does not apply to a safety modification.
**(c) Waiver Authority.—** The Secretary concerned may waive the prohibition in subsection (a) in the case of any modification otherwise subject to that subsection if the Secretary determines that carrying out the modification is in the national security interest of the United States. Whenever the Secretary issues such a waiver, the Secretary shall notify the congressional defense committees in writing.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2244a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** An aircraft under the jurisdiction of a military department may not be used by a member of the armed forces for the purpose of proficiency flying except in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense.
**(b)** Such regulations—
(1) may not require proficiency flying by a member except to the extent required for the member to maintain flying proficiency in anticipation of the member’s assignment to combat operations; and
(2) may not permit proficiency flying in the case of a member who is assigned to a course of instruction of 90 days or more.
**(c)** In this section, the term “proficiency flying” means flying performed under competent orders by a rated or designated member of the armed forces while serving in a non-aviation assignment or in an assignment in which skills would normally not be maintained in the performance of assigned duties.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2245
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Appropriations available to the Department of Defense for operation and maintenance may be used for payment of claims authorized by law to be paid by the Department of Defense (except for civil functions), including—
(1) claims for damages arising under training contracts with carriers; and
(2) repayment of amounts determined by the Secretary concerned to have been erroneously collected—
(A) from military and civilian personnel of the Department of Defense; or
(B) from States or territories or the District of Columbia (or members of the National Guard units thereof).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2732
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
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Source: U.S. Code supplied Markdown snapshot · 10 U.S.C. § 2358
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority.—** Subject to subsection (b), the Secretary of Defense and the Secretaries of the military departments may—
(1) procure the services of experts or consultants (or of organizations of experts or consultants) in accordance with [section 3109 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section3109&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(2) pay in connection with such services travel expenses of individuals, including transportation and per diem in lieu of subsistence while such individuals are traveling from their homes or places of business to official duty stations and return as may be authorized by law.
**(b) Conditions.—** The services of experts or consultants (or organizations thereof) may be procured under subsection (a) only if the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of the military department concerned, as the case may be, determines that—
(1) the procurement of such services is advantageous to the United States; and
(2) such services cannot adequately be provided by the Department of Defense.
**(c) Regulations.—** Procurement of the services of experts and consultants (or organizations thereof) under subsection (a) shall be carried out under regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Defense.
**(d) Additional Authority for Personal Services Contracts.—**
(1) In addition to the authority provided under subsection (a), the Secretary of Defense may enter into personal services contracts if the personal services—
(A) are to be provided by individuals outside the United States, regardless of their nationality, and are determined by the Secretary to be necessary and appropriate for supporting the activities and programs of the Department of Defense outside the United States;
(B) directly support the mission of a
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 129b
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** Whoever knowingly purchases, attempts to purchase, solicits for purchase, mails, ships, imports, exports, produces blank certificates of receipt for, manufactures, sells, attempts to sell, advertises for sale, trades, barters, or exchanges for anything of value any decoration or medal authorized by Congress for the armed forces of the United States, or any of the service medals or badges awarded to the members of such forces, or the ribbon, button, or rosette of any such badge, decoration or medal, or any colorable imitation thereof, except when authorized under regulations made pursuant to law, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than six months, or both.
**(b) Fraudulent Representations About Receipt of Military Decorations or Medals.—** Whoever, with intent to obtain money, property, or other tangible benefit, fraudulently holds oneself out to be a recipient of a decoration or medal described in subsection (c)(2) or (d) shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than one year, or both.
**(c) Enhanced Penalty for Offenses Involving Congressional Medal of Honor.—**
(1) **In general.—** — If a decoration or medal involved in an offense under subsection (a) is a Congressional Medal of Honor, in lieu of the punishment provided in that subsection, the offender shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 1 year, or both.
(2) **Congressional medal of honor defined.—** — In this subsection, the term “Congressional Medal of Honor” means—
(A) a medal of honor awarded under section 7271, 8291, or 9271 of title 10 or section 491 11 See References in Text note below. of title 14;
(B) a duplicate medal of honor issued under section 7284, 8306, or 9284 of title 10 or section 504 1 of title 14; or
(C) a repl
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 704
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
When feral horses or burros are found on an installation under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of a military department, the Secretary may use helicopters and motorized equipment for their removal.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 2678
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definition of institution of higher education for purposes of student assistance programs**
(1) **Inclusion of additional institutions** — Subject to paragraphs (2) through (4) of this subsection, the term “institution of higher education” for purposes of subchapter IV includes, in addition to the institutions covered by the definition in [section 1001 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001&num=0&edition=prelim)—
(A) a proprietary institution of higher education (as defined in subsection (b) of this section);
(B) a postsecondary vocational institution (as defined in subsection (c) of this section); and
(C) only for the purposes of part D of subchapter IV, an institution outside the United States that is comparable to an institution of higher education as defined in [section 1001 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001&num=0&edition=prelim) and that has been approved by the Secretary for the purpose of part D of subchapter IV, consistent with the requirements of [section 1087b(d) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1087b/d&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Institutions outside the United States**
(A) *In general* — For the purpose of qualifying as an institution under paragraph (1)(C), the Secretary shall establish criteria by regulation for the approval of institutions outside the United States and for the determination that such institutions are comparable to an institution of higher education as defined in [section 1001 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title20-section1001&num=0&edition=prelim) (except that a graduate medical school, nursing schoo
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 20 U.S.C. § 1002
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authority.—** The Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of a military department may engage in basic research, applied research, advanced research, and development projects that—
(1) are necessary to the responsibilities of such Secretary’s department in the field of research and development; and
(2) either—
(A) relate to weapon systems and other military needs; or
(B) are of potential interest to the Department of Defense.
**(b) Authorized Means.—** The Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of a military department may perform research and development projects—
(1) by contract, cooperative agreement, or grant, in accordance with chapter 63 of title 31;
(2) through one or more military departments;
(3) by using employees and consultants of the Department of Defense;
(4) by mutual agreement with the head of any other department or agency of the Federal Government;
(5) by transactions (other than contracts, cooperative agreements, and grants) entered into pursuant to section 4021 or 4022 of this title; or
(6) by purchases through procurement for experimental purposes pursuant to [section 4023 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title10-section4023&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Requirement of Potential Department of Defense Interest.—** Funds appropriated to the Department of Defense or to a military department may not be used to finance any research project or study unless the project or study is, in the opinion of the Secretary of Defense or the Secretary of that military department, respectively, of potential interest to the Department of Defense or to such military department, respectively.
**(d) Additional Provisions Applicable to Cooperative Agreements.—** Additional authorities, conditions, and requiremen
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 10 U.S.C. § 4001
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Covered element of the intelligence community** — The term “covered element of the intelligence community” means an element of the intelligence community that is not an element of the Department of Defense.
(2) **National security satellite** — The term “national security satellite” means a satellite weighing over 400 pounds whose principle purpose is to support the national security or intelligence needs of the United States Government.
(3) **United States** — The term “United States” means the several States, the District of Columbia, and the territories and possessions of the United States.
**(b) Requirement** Beginning January 1, 2021, except as provided in subsection (c), a covered element of the intelligence community may not award a contract for a national security satellite if the satellite uses a star tracker that is not produced in the United States, including with respect to both the software and the hardware of the star tracker.
**(c) Exception** The head of a covered element of the intelligence community may waive the requirement under subsection (b) if, on a case-by-case basis, the head certifies in writing to the congressional intelligence committees that—
(1) there is no available star tracker produced in the United States that meets the mission and design requirements of the national security satellite for which the star tracker will be used;
(2) the cost of a star tracker produced in the United States is unreasonable, based on a market survey; or
(3) such waiver is necessary for the national security interests of the United States based on an urgent and compelling need.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 50 U.S.C. § 3001
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