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51 U.S.C. § 60101 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
(1) **Cost of fulfilling user requests.—** — The term “cost of fulfilling user requests” means the incremental costs associated with providing product generation, reproduction, and distribution of unenhanced data in response to user requests and shall not include any acquisition, amortization, or depreciation of capital assets originally paid for by the United States Government or other costs not specifically attributable to fulfilling user requests.
(2) **Data continuity.—** — The term “data continuity” means the continued acquisition and availability of unenhanced data which are, from the point of view of the user—
(A) sufficiently consistent (in terms of acquisition geometry, coverage characteristics, and spectral characteristics) with previous Landsat data to allow comparisons for global and regional change detection and characterization; and
(B) compatible with such data and with methods used to receive and process such data.
(3) **Data preprocessing.—** — The term “data preprocessing”—
(A) may include—
(i) rectification of system and sensor distortions in land remote sensing data as it is received directly from the satellite in preparation for delivery to a user;
(ii) registration of such data with respect to features of the Earth; and
(iii) calibration of spectral response with respect to such data; but
(B) does not include conclusions, manipulations, or calculations derived from such data, or a combination of such data with other data.
(4) **Land remote sensing.—** — The term “land remote sensing” means the collection of data which can be processed into imagery of surface features of the Earth from an unclassified satellite or satellites, other than an operational United States Government weather satellite.
(5) **
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-51/section-60101-definitions--1402c0dfd6.md
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Source location: Title 51, Chapter 601, § 60101; chapter-601-land-remote-sensing-policy.md
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In this chapter:
(1) **Cost of fulfilling user requests.—** — The term “cost of fulfilling user requests” means the incremental costs associated with providing product generation, reproduction, and distribution of unenhanced data in response to user requests and shall not include any acquisition, amortization, or depreciation of capital assets originally paid for by the United States Government or other costs not specifically attributable to fulfilling user requests.
(2) **Data continuity.—** — The term “data continuity” means the continued acquisition and availability of unenhanced data which are, from the point of view of the user—
(A) sufficiently consistent (in terms of acquisition geometry, coverage characteristics, and spectral characteristics) with previous Landsat data to allow comparisons for global and regional change detection and characterization; and
(B) compatible with such data and with methods used to receive and process such data.
(3) **Data preprocessing.—** — The term “data preprocessing”—
(A) may include—
(i) rectification of system and sensor distortions in land remote sensing data as it is received directly from the satellite in preparation for delivery to a user;
(ii) registration of such data with respect to features of the Earth; and
(iii) calibration of spectral response with respect to such data; but
(B) does not include conclusions, manipulations, or calculations derived from such data, or a combination of such data with other data.
(4) **Land remote sensing.—** — The term “land remote sensing” means the collection of data which can be processed into imagery of surface features of the Earth from an unclassified satellite or satellites, other than an operational United States Government weather satellite.
(5) **Landsat program management.—** — The term “Landsat Program Management” means the integrated program management structure—
(A) established by, and responsible to, the Administrator and the Secretary of Defense pursuant to [section 60111(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60111/a&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(B) consisting of appropriate officers and employees of the Administration, the Department of Defense, and any other United States Government agencies the President designates as responsible for the Landsat program.
(6) **Landsat system.—** — The term “Landsat system” means Landsats 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, and any follow-on land remote sensing system operated and owned by the United States Government, along with any related ground equipment, systems, and facilities owned by the United States Government.
(7) **Landsat 6 contractor.—** — The term “Landsat 6 contractor” means the private sector entity which was awarded the contract for spacecraft construction, operations, and data marketing rights for the Landsat 6 spacecraft.
(8) **Landsat 7.—** — The term “Landsat 7” means the follow-on satellite to Landsat 6.
(9) **National satellite land remote sensing data archive.—** — The term “National Satellite Land Remote Sensing Data Archive” means the archive established by the Secretary of the Interior pursuant to the archival responsibilities defined in [section 60142 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60142&num=0&edition=prelim).
(10) **Noncommercial purposes.—** — The term “noncommercial purposes” means activities undertaken by individuals or entities on the condition, upon receipt of unenhanced data, that—
(A) such data shall not be used in connection with any bid for a commercial contract, development of a commercial product, or any other non-United States Government activity that is expected, or has the potential, to be profitmaking;
(B) the results of such activities are disclosed in a timely and complete fashion in the open technical literature or other method of public release, except when such disclosure by the United States Government or its contractors would adversely affect the national security or foreign policy of the United States or violate a provision of law or regulation; and
(C) such data shall not be distributed in competition with unenhanced data provided by the Landsat 6 contractor.
(11) **Secretary.—** — The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Commerce.
(12) **Unenhanced data.—** — The term “unenhanced data” means land remote sensing signals or imagery products that are unprocessed or subject only to data preprocessing.
(13) **United states government and its affiliated users.—** — The term “United States Government and its affiliated users” means—
(A) United States Government agencies;
(B) researchers involved with the United States Global Change Research Program and its international counterpart programs; and
(C) other researchers and international entities that have signed with the United States Government a cooperative agreement involving the use of Landsat data for noncommercial purposes.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Public Interest.—** It is in the public interest for the United States Government to—
(1) maintain an archive of land remote sensing data for historical, scientific, and technical purposes, including long-term global environmental monitoring;
(2) control the content and scope of the archive; and
(3) ensure the quality, integrity, and continuity of the archive.
**(b) Archiving Practices.—** The Secretary of the Interior, in consultation with the Landsat Program Management, shall provide for long-term storage, maintenance, and upgrading of a basic, global, land remote sensing data set (hereafter in this section referred to as the “basic data set”) and shall follow reasonable archival practices to ensure proper storage and preservation of the basic data set and timely access for parties requesting data.
**(c) Determination of Content of Basic Data Set.—** In determining the initial content of, or in upgrading, the basic data set, the Secretary of the Interior shall—
(1) use as a baseline the data archived on October 28, 1992;
(2) take into account future technical and scientific developments and needs, paying particular attention to the anticipated data requirements of global environmental change research;
(3) consult with and seek the advice of users and producers of remote sensing data and data products;
(4) consider the need for data which may be duplicative in terms of geographical coverage but which differ in terms of season, spectral bands, resolution, or other relevant factors;
(5) include, as the Secretary of the Interior considers appropriate, unenhanced data generated either by the Landsat system, pursuant to subchapter II, or by licensees under subchapter III;
(6) include, as the Secretary of the Interior considers appropriate, data collected by
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 51 U.S.C. § 60142
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this title:
(1) **Administration.—** — The term “Administration” means the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
(2) **Administrator.—** — The term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 51 U.S.C. § 10101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section 5671, Pub. L. 102–555, title VI, § 601, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4179, prohibited commercialization of weather satellite systems. See [section 60161 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60161&num=0&edition=prelim), National and Commercial Space Programs.
Section 5672, Pub. L. 102–555, title VI, § 602, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4180, related to future considerations. See [section 60162 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60162&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 5602
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
#### Codification
Section, Pub. L. 102–555, § 2, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4163, which related to findings, was transferred and is set out as a note under [section 60101 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60101&num=0&edition=prelim), National and Commercial Space Programs.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 5611 to 5615
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 102–555, § 3, Oct. 28, 1992, 106 Stat. 4164, provided definitions for this chapter. See [section 60101 of Title 51](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title51-section60101&num=0&edition=prelim), National and Commercial Space Programs.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 5621 to 5625
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Each agency shall make available to the public information as follows:
(1) Each agency shall separately state and currently publish in the Federal Register for the guidance of the public—
(A) descriptions of its central and field organization and the established places at which, the employees (and in the case of a uniformed service, the members) from whom, and the methods whereby, the public may obtain information, make submittals or requests, or obtain decisions;
(B) statements of the general course and method by which its functions are channeled and determined, including the nature and requirements of all formal and informal procedures available;
(C) rules of procedure, descriptions of forms available or the places at which forms may be obtained, and instructions as to the scope and contents of all papers, reports, or examinations;
(D) substantive rules of general applicability adopted as authorized by law, and statements of general policy or interpretations of general applicability formulated and adopted by the agency; and
(E) each amendment, revision, or repeal of the foregoing.
Except to the extent that a person has actual and timely notice of the terms thereof, a person may not in any manner be required to resort to, or be adversely affected by, a matter required to be published in the Federal Register and not so published. For the purpose of this paragraph, matter reasonably available to the class of persons affected thereby is deemed published in the Federal Register when incorporated by reference therein with the approval of the Director of the Federal Register.
(2) Each agency, in accordance with published rules, shall make available for public inspection in an electronic format—
(A) final opinions, including concurring and dissen
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 5 U.S.C. § 552
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
In this chapter:
(1) **Commercial provider.—** — The term “commercial provider” means any person providing space transportation services or other space-related activities, primary control of which is held by persons other than Federal, State, local, and foreign governments.
(2) **Payload.—** — The term “payload” means anything that a person undertakes to transport to, from, or within outer space, or in suborbital trajectory, by means of a space transportation vehicle, but does not include the space transportation vehicle itself except for its components which are specifically designed or adapted for that payload.
(3) **Space-related activities.—** — The term “space-related activities” includes research and development, manufacturing, processing, service, and other associated and support activities.
(4) **Space transportation services.—** — The term “space transportation services” means the preparation of a space transportation vehicle and its payloads for transportation to, from, or within outer space, or in suborbital trajectory, and the conduct of transporting a payload to, from, or within outer space, or in suborbital trajectory.
(5) **Space transportation vehicle.—** — The term “space transportation vehicle” means any vehicle constructed for the purpose of operating in, or transporting a payload to, from, or within, outer space, or in suborbital trajectory, and includes any component of such vehicle not specifically designed or adapted for a payload.
(6) **State.—** — The term “State” means each of the several States of the Union, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, American Samoa, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, and any other commonwealth, territory, or possession of the United States.
(7) **
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 51 U.S.C. § 50101
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 147
TITLE 51—NATIONAL AND COMMERCIAL SPACE PROGRAMS
§ 60101
Subtitle VI—Earth Observations
CHAPTER 601—LAND REMOTE SENSING
POLICY
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL
Sec.
60101.
Definitions.
SUBCHAPTER II—LANDSAT
60111.
Landsat Program Management.
60112.
Transfer of Landsat 6 program responsibil-
ities.
60113.
Data policy for Landsat 7.
SUBCHAPTER III—LICENSING OF PRIVATE
REMOTE SENSING SPACE SYSTEMS
60121.
General licensing authority.
60122.
Conditions for operation.
60123.
Administrative authority of Secretary.
60124.
Regulatory authority of Secretary.
60125.
Agency activities.
60126.
Annual reports.
SUBCHAPTER IV—RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT,
AND DEMONSTRATION
60131.
Continued Federal research and development.
60132.
Availability of federally gathered unenhanced
data.
60133.
Technology demonstration program.
60134.
Preference for private sector land remote
sensing system.
SUBCHAPTER V—GENERAL PROVISIONS
60141.
Nondiscriminatory data availability.
60142.
Archiving of data.
60143.
Nonreproduction.
60144.
Reimbursement for assistance.
60145.
Acquisition of equipment.
60146.
Radio frequency allocation.
60147.
Consultation.
60148.
Enforcement.
SUBCHAPTER VI—PROHIBITION OF
COMMERCIALIZATION OF WEATHER SATELLITES
60161.
Prohibition.
60162.
Future considerations.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2015—Pub. L. 114–90, title II, § 201(b), Nov. 25, 2015, 129
Stat. 719, added item 60126.
SUBCHAPTER I—GENERAL
§ 60101. Definitions
In this chapter:
(1) COST OF FULFILLING USER REQUESTS.—The
term ‘‘cost of fulfilling user requests’’ means
the incremental costs associated with pro-
viding product generation, reproduction, and
distribution of unenhanced data in response to
user requests and shall not include any acqui-
sition, amortization
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 51 U.S.C. § 60101
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