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22 U.S.C. § 1465aa — Findings and purposes
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds and declares that—
(1) it is the policy of the United States to support the right of the people of Cuba to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers, in accordance with article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
(2) consonant with this policy, television broadcasting to Cuba may be effective in furthering the open communication of accurate information and ideas to the people of Cuba and, in particular, information about Cuba;
(3) television broadcasting to Cuba, operated in a manner not inconsistent with the broad foreign policy of the United States and in accordance with high professional standards, would be in the national interest;
(4) facilities broadcasting television programming to Cuba must be operated in a manner consistent with applicable regulations of the Federal Communications Commission, and must not affect the quality of domestic broadcast transmission or reception; and
(5) that 11 So in original. The word “that” probably should not appear. the Voice of America already broadcasts to Cuba information that represents America, not any single segment of American society, and includes a balanced and comprehensive projection of significant American thought and institutions, but that there is a need for television broadcasts to Cuba which provide news, commentary, and other information about events in Cuba and elsewhere to promote the cause of freedom in Cuba.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1465aa
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-22/section-1465aa-findings-and-purposes--fe5d40dc74.md
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Source location: Title 22, Chapter 18, § 1465aa; chapter-018-united-states-information-and-educational-exchange-programs.md
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The Congress finds and declares that—
(1) it is the policy of the United States to support the right of the people of Cuba to seek, receive, and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers, in accordance with article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights;
(2) consonant with this policy, television broadcasting to Cuba may be effective in furthering the open communication of accurate information and ideas to the people of Cuba and, in particular, information about Cuba;
(3) television broadcasting to Cuba, operated in a manner not inconsistent with the broad foreign policy of the United States and in accordance with high professional standards, would be in the national interest;
(4) facilities broadcasting television programming to Cuba must be operated in a manner consistent with applicable regulations of the Federal Communications Commission, and must not affect the quality of domestic broadcast transmission or reception; and
(5) that 11 So in original. The word “that” probably should not appear. the Voice of America already broadcasts to Cuba information that represents America, not any single segment of American society, and includes a balanced and comprehensive projection of significant American thought and institutions, but that there is a need for television broadcasts to Cuba which provide news, commentary, and other information about events in Cuba and elsewhere to promote the cause of freedom in Cuba.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment; membership; chairperson** There is established within the Office of the President the Advisory Board for Cuba Broadcasting (in this subchapter 11 See References in Text note below. referred to as the “Advisory Board”). The Advisory Board shall consist of nine members, appointed by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, of whom not more than five shall be members of the same political party. The President shall designate one member of the Advisory Board to serve as chairperson.
**(b) Review; recommendations** The Advisory Board shall review the effectiveness of the activities carried out under this subchapter and the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act [[22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] and shall make recommendations to the President and the Broadcasting Advisory 22 So in original. The word “Advisory” probably should not appear. Board of Governors as it may consider necessary.
**(c) Terms; vacancies** In appointing the initial voting members of the Advisory Board, the President shall designate three members to serve for a term of three years, three members to serve for a term of two years, and three members to serve for a term of one year. Thereafter, the term of each member of the Advisory Board shall be three years. The President shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, members to fill vacancies occurring prior to the expiration of a term, in which case the members so appointed shall serve for the remainder of such term. Any member whose term has expired may serve until his successor has been appointed and qualified.
**(d) Ex officio members** The head of the Cuba Service and the head of the Televisi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1465c
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Dissemination of information abroad** The Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors are authorized to use funds appropriated or otherwise made available for public diplomacy information programs to provide for the preparation, dissemination, and use of information intended for foreign audiences abroad about the United States, its people, and its policies, through press, publications, radio, motion pictures, the Internet, and other information media, including social media, and through information centers, instructors, and other direct or indirect means of communication.
**(b) Dissemination of information within the United States**
(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors may, upon request and reimbursement of the reasonable costs incurred in fulfilling such a request, make available, in the United States, motion pictures, films, video, audio, and other materials disseminated abroad pursuant to this chapter, the United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 ([22 U.S.C. 6201](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6201&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), or the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). Any reimbursement pursuant to this paragraph shall be credited to the applicable appropriation account of the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors, as appropriate. The Secretary and the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall issue necessary regulations—
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1461
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** No funds authorized to be appropriated to the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors shall be used to influence public opinion in the United States. This section shall apply only to programs carried out pursuant to the United States Information and Educational Exchange Act of 1948 ([22 U.S.C. 1431](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1431&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the United States International Broadcasting Act of 1994 ([22 U.S.C. 6201](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6201&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.), and the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.). This section shall not prohibit or delay the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors from providing information about its operations, policies, programs, or program material, or making such available, to the media, public, or Congress, in accordance with other applicable law.
**(b) Rule of construction** Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit the Department of State or the Broadcasting Board of Governors from engaging in any medium or form of communication, either directly or indirectly, because a United States domestic audience is or may be thereby exposed to program material, or based on a presumption of such exposure. Such material may be made available within the United States and disseminated, when appropriate, pursuant to sections 502 and 1005 of the United State
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1461–1a
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Television broadcasting to Cuba** In order to carry out the purposes set forth in [section 1465aa of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) and notwithstanding the limitation of [section 1461 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1461&num=0&edition=prelim) with respect to the dissemination in the United States of information prepared for dissemination abroad to the extent such dissemination is inadvertent, the Broadcasting Board of Governors (hereafter in this subchapter referred to as the “Agency” shall provide for the open communication of information and ideas through the use of television broadcasting to Cuba. Television broadcasting to Cuba shall serve as a consistently reliable and authoritative source of accurate, objective, and comprehensive news.
**(b) Voice of America standards** Television broadcasting to Cuba under this subchapter shall be in accordance with all Voice of America standards to ensure the broadcast of programs which are objective, accurate, balanced, and which present a variety of views.
**(c) Television Marti** Any program of United States Government television broadcasts to Cuba authorized by this section shall be designated the “Television Marti Program”.
**(d) Frequency assignment**
(1) Subject to the Communications Act of 1934 [[47 U.S.C. 151](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title47-section151&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], the Federal Communications Commission shall assign by order a suitable frequency to further the national interests expressed in this subchapter, except that no such assignment shall result in objectionable interference with the broadcasts of any domest
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 1465bb
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Conversion to UHF** The Director of the International Broadcasting Bureau shall implement a conversion of television broadcasting to Cuba under the Television Marti Service to ultra high frequency (UHF) broadcasting.
**(b) Periodic reports** Not later than 45 days after March 12, 1996, and every three months thereafter until the conversion described in subsection (a) is fully implemented, the Director of the International Broadcasting Bureau shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees on the progress made in carrying out subsection (a).
**(c) Termination of broadcasting authorities** Upon transmittal of a determination under [section 6063(c)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6063/c/3&num=0&edition=prelim), the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) and following) and the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act ([22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) and following) are repealed.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6041
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Authorities** The Chief Executive Officer shall have the following authorities:
(1) To supervise all broadcasting activities conducted pursuant to this chapter, the Radio Broadcasting to Cuba Act [[22 U.S.C. 1465](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.],,11 So in original. the Television Broadcasting to Cuba Act [[22 U.S.C. 1465aa](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section1465aa&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], and Worldnet Television, except as provided in [section 6205(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6205/b&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) To review and evaluate the mission and operation of, and to assess the quality, effectiveness, and professional integrity of, all such activities within the context of the broad foreign policy objectives of the United States.
(3) To ensure that United States international broadcasting is conducted in accordance with the standards and principles contained in [section 6202 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title22-section6202&num=0&edition=prelim).
(4) To review, evaluate, and determine, at least annually, after consultation with the Secretary of State, the addition or deletion of language services.
(5) To make and supervise grants and cooperative agreements for broadcasting and related activities in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter and on behalf of other agencies, accordingly.
(6) To allocate funds appropriated for international broadcasting activities among the various elements of the Agency and grantees, subject to reprogramming notification requirements in law for the reallocation of funds.
(7) To review en
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 22 U.S.C. § 6204
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 372
TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE
§ 1465f
1 So in original. The word ‘‘that’’ probably should not appear.
AMENDMENTS
1998—Subsecs. (b), (d). Pub. L. 105–277 substituted
‘‘Board’’ for ‘‘Agency’’.
1984—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–411 substituted ‘‘replaced
(less’’ for ‘‘(replaced less’’.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1998 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 105–277 effective Oct. 1, 1999,
see section 1301 of Pub. L. 105–277, set out as an Effec-
tive Date note under section 6531 of this title.
§ 1465f. Authorization of appropriations
(a) There are authorized to be appropriated for
the Broadcasting Board of Governors $14,000,000
for fiscal year 1984 and $11,000,000 for fiscal year
1985 to carry out sections 1465a and 1465b of this
title. The amount obligated by the Broadcasting
Board of Governors in ensuing fiscal years shall
be sufficient to maintain broadcasts to Cuba
under this subchapter at rates no less than the
fiscal year 1985 level.
(b) In addition to amounts otherwise author-
ized to be appropriated to the Board for the fis-
cal years 1984 and 1985, there are authorized to
be appropriated to the Board $54,800,000 for the
fiscal year 1984 and $54,800,000 for the fiscal year
1985, which amounts shall be available only for
expenses incurred by essential modernization of
the facilities and operations of the Voice of
America.
(c) Amounts appropriated under this section
are authorized to be made available until ex-
pended.
(Pub. L. 98–111, § 8, Oct. 4, 1983, 97 Stat. 752; Pub.
L. 105–277, div. G, subdiv. A, title XIII, § 1324(1),
(2), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–781.)
REPEAL OF SECTION
Section repealed upon transmittal of deter-
mination by President under section 6063(c)(3)
of this title that dem
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 22 U.S.C. § 1465aa
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