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18 U.S.C. § 20 — Financial institution defined

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 20 — Financial institution defined

As used in this title, the term “financial institution” means— (1) an insured depository institution (as defined in section 3(c)(2) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act); (2) a credit union with accounts insured by the National Credit Union Share Insurance Fund; (3) a Federal home loan bank or a member, as defined in section 2 of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act ([12 U.S.C. 1422](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section1422&num=0&edition=prelim)), of the Federal home loan bank system; (4) a System institution of the Farm Credit System, as defined in section 5.35(3) of the Farm Credit Act of 1971; (5) a small business investment company, as defined in section 103 of the Small Business Investment Act of 1958 ([15 U.S.C. 662](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section662&num=0&edition=prelim)); (6) a depository institution holding company (as defined in section 3(w)(1) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act; (7) a Federal Reserve bank or a member bank of the Federal Reserve System; (8) an organization operating under section 25 or section 25(a) 11 See References in Text note below. of the Federal Reserve Act; (9) a branch or agency of a foreign bank (as such terms are defined in paragraphs (1) and (3) of section 1(b) of the International Banking Act of 1978); or (10) a mortgage lending business (as defined in [section 27 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section27&num=0&edition=prelim)) or any person or entity that makes in whole or in part a federally related mortgage loan as defined in section 3 of the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act of 1974.

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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 1, § 20; chapter-001-general-provisions.md

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

12 U.S.C. § 3101 — Definitions

For the purposes of this chapter— (1) “agency” means any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which credit balances are maintained incidental to or arising out of the exercise of banking powers, checks are paid, or money is lent but at which deposits may not be accepted from citizens or residents of the United States; (2) “Board” means the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System; (3) “branch” means any office or any place of business of a foreign bank located in any State of the United States at which deposits are received; (4) “Comptroller” means the Comptroller of the Currency; (5) “Federal agency” means an agency of a foreign bank established and operating under [section 3102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section3102&num=0&edition=prelim); (6) “Federal branch” means a branch of a foreign bank established and operating under [section 3102 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title12-section3102&num=0&edition=prelim); (7) “foreign bank” means any company organized under the laws of a foreign country, a territory of the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, or the Virgin Islands, which engages in the business of banking, or any subsidiary or affiliate, organized under such laws, of any such company. For the purposes of this chapter the term “foreign bank” includes, without limitation, foreign commercial banks, foreign merchant banks and other foreign institutions that engage in banking activities usual in connection with the business of banking in the countries where such foreign institutions are organized or operating; (8) “foreign country” means any country other than the United States, and

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 215 — Receipt of commissions or gifts for procuring loans

**(a)** Whoever— (1) corruptly gives, offers, or promises anything of value to any person, with intent to influence or reward an officer, director, employee, agent, or attorney of a financial institution in connection with any business or transaction of such institution; or (2) as an officer, director, employee, agent, or attorney of a financial institution, corruptly solicits or demands for the benefit of any person, or corruptly accepts or agrees to accept, anything of value from any person, intending to be influenced or rewarded in connection with any business or transaction of such institution; shall be fined not more than $1,000,000 or three times the value of the thing given, offered, promised, solicited, demanded, accepted, or agreed to be accepted, whichever is greater, or imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both, but if the value of the thing given, offered, promised, solicited, demanded, accepted, or agreed to be accepted does not exceed $1,000, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than one year, or both. **(b)** Transferred] **(c)** This section shall not apply to bona fide salary, wages, fees, or other compensation paid, or expenses paid or reimbursed, in the usual course of business. **(d)** Federal agencies with responsibility for regulating a financial institution shall jointly establish such guidelines as are appropriate to assist an officer, director, employee, agent, or attorney of a financial institution to comply with this section. Such agencies shall make such guidelines available to the public.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

12 U.S.C. § 1422 — Definitions

As used in this chapter— (1) (A) *Bank.—* — The term “Federal Home Loan Bank” or “Bank” means a bank established under the authority of this chapter. (B) *Bank system.—* — The term “Federal Home Loan Bank System” means the Federal Home Loan Banks under the supervision of the Director. (2) **State.—** — The term “State”, in addition to the States of the United States, includes the District of Columbia, Guam, Puerto Rico, the United States Virgin Islands, American Samoa, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. (3) The term “member” means any institution which has subscribed for the stock of a Federal Home Loan Bank. (4) The term “home mortgage loan” means a loan made by a member upon the security of a home mortgage. (5) The term “home mortgage” means a mortgage upon real estate, in fee simple, or on a leasehold (1) under a lease for not less than ninety-nine years which is renewable or (2) under a lease having a period of not less than fifty years to run from the date the mortgage was executed, upon which is located, or which comprises or includes, one or more homes or other dwelling units, all of which may be defined by the Director and shall include, in addition to first mortgages, such classes of first liens as are commonly given to secure advances on real estate by institutions authorized under this chapter to become members, under the laws of the State in which the real estate is located, together with the credit instruments, if any, secured thereby. (6) The term “unpaid principal,” when used in respect of a loan secured by a home mortgage means the principal thereof less the sum of (1) payments made on such principal, and (2) in cases where shares or stock are pledged as security for the loan, the payments made on such shares or stock plus

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

12 U.S.C. § 2602 — Definitions

For purposes of this chapter— (1) the term “federally related mortgage loan” includes any loan (other than temporary financing such as a construction loan) which— (A) is secured by a first or subordinate lien on residential real property (including individual units of condominiums and cooperatives) designed principally for the occupancy of from one to four families, including any such secured loan, the proceeds of which are used to prepay or pay off an existing loan secured by the same property; and (B) (i) is made in whole or in part by any lender the deposits or accounts of which are insured by any agency of the Federal Government, or is made in whole or in part by any lender which is regulated by any agency of the Federal Government, or (ii) is made in whole or in part, or insured, guaranteed, supplemented, or assisted in any way, by the Secretary or any other officer or agency of the Federal Government or under or in connection with a housing or urban development program administered by the Secretary or a housing or related program administered by any other such officer or agency; or (iii) is intended to be sold by the originating lender to the Federal National Mortgage Association, the Government National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, or a financial institution from which it is to be purchased by the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation; or (iv) is made in whole or in part by any “creditor”, as defined in section 1602(f) 11 See References in Text note below. of title 15, who makes or invests in residential real estate loans aggregating more than $1,000,000 per year, except that for the purpose of this chapter, the term “creditor” does not include any agency or instrumentality of any State; (2) the te

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

15 U.S.C. § 662 — Definitions

As used in this chapter— (1) the term “Administration” means the Small Business Administration; (2) the term “Administrator” means the Administrator of the Small Business Administration; (3) the terms “small business investment company”, “company”, and “licensee” mean a company approved by the Administration to operate under the provisions of this chapter and issued a license as provided in [section 681 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section681&num=0&edition=prelim); (4) the term “State” includes the several States, the territories and possessions of the United States, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia; (5) the term “small-business concern” shall have the same meaning as in the Small Business Act [[15 U.S.C. 631](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section631&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], except that, for purposes of this chapter— (A) an investment by a venture capital firm, investment company (including a small business investment company) employee welfare benefit plan or pension plan, or trust, foundation, or endowment that is exempt from Federal income taxation— (i) shall not cause a business concern to be deemed not independently owned and operated regardless of the allocation of control during the investment period under any investment agreement between the business concern and the entity making the investment; (ii) shall be disregarded in determining whether a business concern satisfies size standards established pursuant to section 3(a)(2) of the Small Business Act [[15 U.S.C. 632(a)(2)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section632/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim)]; and (iii) shall be disregarded in

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 17 — Insanity defense

**(a) Affirmative Defense.—** It is an affirmative defense to a prosecution under any Federal statute that, at the time of the commission of the acts constituting the offense, the defendant, as a result of a severe mental disease or defect, was unable to appreciate the nature and quality or the wrongfulness of his acts. Mental disease or defect does not otherwise constitute a defense. **(b) Burden of Proof.—** The defendant has the burden of proving the defense of insanity by clear and convincing evidence.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

12 U.S.C. § 1813 — Definitions

As used in this chapter— **(a) Definitions of bank and related terms** (1) **Bank** — The term “bank”— (A) means any national bank and State bank, and any Federal branch and insured branch; (B) includes any former savings association. (2) **State bank** — The term “State bank” means any bank, banking association, trust company, savings bank, industrial bank (or similar depository institution which the Board of Directors finds to be operating substantially in the same manner as an industrial bank), or other banking institution which— (A) is engaged in the business of receiving deposits, other than trust funds (as defined in this section); and (B) is incorporated under the laws of any State or which is operating under the Code of Law for the District of Columbia, including any cooperative bank or other unincorporated bank the deposits of which were insured by the Corporation on the day before August 9, 1989. (3) **State** — The term “State” means any State of the United States, the District of Columbia, any territory of the United States, Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands. **(b) Definition of savings associations and related terms** (1) **Savings association** — The term “savings association” means— (A) any Federal savings association; (B) any State savings association; and (C) any corporation (other than a bank) that the Board of Directors and the Comptroller of the Currency jointly determine to be operating in substantially the same manner as a savings association. (2) **Federal savings association** — The term “Federal savings association” means any Federal savings association or Federal savings bank which is chartered under [section 1464 of t

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 27 — Mortgage lending business defined

In this title, the term “mortgage lending business” means an organization which finances or refinances any debt secured by an interest in real estate, including private mortgage companies and any subsidiaries of such organizations, and whose activities affect interstate or foreign commerce.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

12 U.S.C. § 1841 — Definitions

**(a)** (1) Except as provided in paragraph (5) of this subsection, “bank holding company” means any company which has control over any bank or over any company that is or becomes a bank holding company by virtue of this chapter. (2) Any company has control over a bank or over any company if— (A) the company directly or indirectly or acting through one or more other persons owns, controls, or has power to vote 25 per centum or more of any class of voting securities of the bank or company; (B) the company controls in any manner the election of a majority of the directors or trustees of the bank or company; or (C) the Board determines, after notice and opportunity for hearing, that the company directly or indirectly exercises a controlling influence over the management or policies of the bank or company. (3) For the purposes of any proceeding under paragraph (2)(C) of this subsection, there is a presumption that any company which directly or indirectly owns, controls, or has power to vote less than 5 per centum of any class of voting securities of a given bank or company does not have control over that bank or company. (4) In any administrative or judicial proceeding under this chapter, other than a proceeding under paragraph (2)(C) of this subsection, a company may not be held to have had control over any given bank or company at any given time unless that company, at the time in question, directly or indirectly owned, controlled, or had power to vote 5 per centum or more of any class of voting securities of the bank or company, or had already been found to have control in a proceeding under paragraph (2)(C). (5) Notwithstanding any other provision of this subsection— (A) No bank and no company owning or controlling voting shares of a bank is a bank hold

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

18 U.S.C. § 4241 — Determination of mental competency to stand trial to undergo postrelease proceedings 11 So in original. Probably should be “stand trial or to undergo postrelease proceedings”.

**(a) Motion To Determine Competency of Defendant.—** At any time after the commencement of a prosecution for an offense and prior to the sentencing of the defendant, or at any time after the commencement of probation or supervised release and prior to the completion of the sentence, the defendant or the attorney for the Government may file a motion for a hearing to determine the mental competency of the defendant. The court shall grant the motion, or shall order such a hearing on its own motion, if there is reasonable cause to believe that the defendant may presently be suffering from a mental disease or defect rendering him mentally incompetent to the extent that he is unable to understand the nature and consequences of the proceedings against him or to assist properly in his defense. **(b) Psychiatric or Psychological Examination and Report.—** Prior to the date of the hearing, the court may order that a psychiatric or psychological examination of the defendant be conducted, and that a psychiatric or psychological report be filed with the court, pursuant to the provisions of section 4247(b) and (c). **(c) Hearing.—** The hearing shall be conducted pursuant to the provisions of section 4247(d). **(d) Determination and Disposition.—** If, after the hearing, the court finds by a preponderance of the evidence that the defendant is presently suffering from a mental disease or defect rendering him mentally incompetent to the extent that he is unable to understand the nature and consequences of the proceedings against him or to assist properly in his defense, the court shall commit the defendant to the custody of the Attorney General. The Attorney General shall hospitalize the defendant for treatment in a suitable facility— (1) for such a reasonable period of time, not

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