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29 U.S.C. § 168 — Validation of certificates and other Board actions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
No petition entertained, no investigation made, no election held, and no certification issued by the National Labor Relations Board, under any of the provisions of [section 159 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section159&num=0&edition=prelim), shall be invalid by reason of the failure of the Congress of Industrial Organizations to have complied with the requirements of section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title prior to December 22, 1949, or by reason of the failure of the American Federation of Labor to have complied with the provisions of section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title prior to November 7, 1947: Provided, That no liability shall be imposed under any provision of this chapter upon any person for failure to honor any election or certificate referred to above, prior to October 22, 1951: Provided, however, That this proviso shall not have the effect of setting aside or in any way affecting judgments or decrees heretofore entered under section 160(e) or (f) of this title and which have become final.
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-29/section-168-validation-of-certificates-and-other-board-actions--c8df119c49.md
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Source location: Title 29, Chapter 7, § 168; chapter-007-labor-management-relations.md
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No petition entertained, no investigation made, no election held, and no certification issued by the National Labor Relations Board, under any of the provisions of [section 159 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section159&num=0&edition=prelim), shall be invalid by reason of the failure of the Congress of Industrial Organizations to have complied with the requirements of section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title prior to December 22, 1949, or by reason of the failure of the American Federation of Labor to have complied with the provisions of section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title prior to November 7, 1947: Provided, That no liability shall be imposed under any provision of this chapter upon any person for failure to honor any election or certificate referred to above, prior to October 22, 1951: Provided, however, That this proviso shall not have the effect of setting aside or in any way affecting judgments or decrees heretofore entered under section 160(e) or (f) of this title and which have become final.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Adoption and filing of constitution and bylaws; contents of report** Every labor organization shall adopt a constitution and bylaws and shall file a copy thereof with the Secretary, together with a report, signed by its president and secretary or corresponding principal officers, containing the following information—
(1) the name of the labor organization, its mailing address, and any other address at which it maintains its principal office or at which it keeps the records referred to in this subchapter;
(2) the name and title of each of its officers;
(3) the initiation fee or fees required from a new or transferred member and fees for work permits required by the reporting labor organization;
(4) the regular dues or fees or other periodic payments required to remain a member of the reporting labor organization; and
(5) detailed statements, or references to specific provisions of documents filed under this subsection which contain such statements, showing the provision made and procedures followed with respect to each of the following: (A) qualifications for or restrictions on membership, (B) levying of assessments, (C) participation in insurance or other benefit plans, (D) authorization for disbursement of funds of the labor organization, (E) audit of financial transactions of the labor organization, (F) the calling of regular and special meetings, (G) the selection of officers and stewards and of any representatives to other bodies composed of labor organizations’ representatives, with a specific statement of the manner in which each officer was elected, appointed, or otherwise selected, (H) discipline or removal of officers or agents for breaches of their trust, (I) imposition of fines, suspensions, and expulsions of members, including the grounds for such
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Exclusive representatives; employees’ adjustment of grievances directly with employer** Representatives designated or selected for the purposes of collective bargaining by the majority of the employees in a unit appropriate for such purposes, shall be the exclusive representatives of all the employees in such unit for the purposes of collective bargaining in respect to rates of pay, wages, hours of employment, or other conditions of employment: Provided, That any individual employee or a group of employees shall have the right at any time to present grievances to their employer and to have such grievances adjusted, without the intervention of the bargaining representative, as long as the adjustment is not inconsistent with the terms of a collective-bargaining contract or agreement then in effect: Provided further, That the bargaining representative has been given opportunity to be present at such adjustment.
**(b) Determination of bargaining unit by Board** The Board shall decide in each case whether, in order to assure to employees the fullest freedom in exercising the rights guaranteed by this subchapter, the unit appropriate for the purposes of collective bargaining shall be the employer unit, craft unit, plant unit, or subdivision thereof: Provided, That the Board shall not (1) decide that any unit is appropriate for such purposes if such unit includes both professional employees and employees who are not professional employees unless a majority of such professional employees vote for inclusion in such unit; or (2) decide that any craft unit is inappropriate for such purposes on the ground that a different unit has been established by a prior Board determination, unless a majority of the employees in the proposed craft unit vote against separate representatio
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 52
TITLE 29—LABOR
§ 167
(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, § 16, 49 Stat. 457; June 23,
1947, ch. 120, title I, § 101, 61 Stat. 151.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
1947—Act June 23, 1947, amended section generally by
inserting new subject matter which was formerly cov-
ered by section 165 of this title. Section formerly re-
ferred to short title of chapter, see section 167 of this
title.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1947 AMENDMENT
For effective date of amendment by act June 23, 1947,
see section 104 of act June 23, 1947, set out as a note
under section 151 of this title.
§ 167. Short title of subchapter
This subchapter may be cited as the ‘‘National
Labor Relations Act’’.
(July 5, 1935, ch. 372, § 17, as added June 23, 1947,
ch. 120, title I, § 101, 61 Stat. 152.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
For effective date of amendment by act June 23, 1947,
see section 104 of act June 23, 1947, set out as a note
under section 151 of this title.
§ 168. Validation of certificates and other Board
actions
No petition entertained, no investigation
made, no election held, and no certification
issued by the National Labor Relations Board,
under any of the provisions of section 159 of this
title, shall be invalid by reason of the failure of
the Congress of Industrial Organizations to have
complied with the requirements of section 159(f),
(g), or (h) of this title prior to December 22, 1949,
or by reason of the failure of the American Fed-
eration of Labor to have complied with the pro-
visions of section 159(f), (g), or (h) of this title
prior to November 7, 1947: Provided, That no li-
ability shall be imposed under any provision of
this chapter upon any person for failure to
honor any election or certificate r
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