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28 U.S.C. § 373 — Judges in territories and possessions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any judge of the District Court of Guam, the District Court of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the District Court of the Virgin Islands who retires from office after attaining the age and meeting the service requirements whether continuous or otherwise, of subsection (b) shall, during the remainder of his lifetime, receive an annuity equal to the salary he is receiving at the time he retires.
**(b)** The age and service requirements for retirement under subsection (a) of this section are as follows: Attained age:Years of service: 6515 6614 6713 6812 6911 7010
**(c)**
(1) Any judge or former judge who is receiving an annuity pursuant to this section may elect to become a senior judge of the court upon which he served before retiring.
(2) The chief judge of a judicial circuit may recall any such senior judge, with the judge’s consent, to perform, for the court from which he retired, such judicial duties for such periods of time as the chief judge may specify.
(3) Any act or failure to act by a senior judge performing judicial duties pursuant to recall under paragraph (2) of this subsection shall have the same force and effect as if it were an act or failure to act of a judge on active duty; but such senior judge shall not be counted as a judge of the court on which he is serving as a recalled annuitant for purposes of the number of judgeships authorized for that court.
(4) Any senior judge performing judicial duties pursuant to recall under paragraph (2) of this subsection shall be paid, while performing such duties, the same compensation (in lieu of the annuity payable under subsection (a) of this section) and the same allowances for travel and other expenses as a judge on active duty with the court being served.
(5) Any senior judge performing judicial d
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-28/section-373-judges-in-territories-and-possessions--12d056bdc1.md
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Source location: Title 28, Chapter 17, § 373; chapter-017-resignation-and-retirement-of-justices-and-judges.md
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**(a)** Any judge of the District Court of Guam, the District Court of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the District Court of the Virgin Islands who retires from office after attaining the age and meeting the service requirements whether continuous or otherwise, of subsection (b) shall, during the remainder of his lifetime, receive an annuity equal to the salary he is receiving at the time he retires.
**(b)** The age and service requirements for retirement under subsection (a) of this section are as follows: Attained age:Years of service: 6515 6614 6713 6812 6911 7010
**(c)**
(1) Any judge or former judge who is receiving an annuity pursuant to this section may elect to become a senior judge of the court upon which he served before retiring.
(2) The chief judge of a judicial circuit may recall any such senior judge, with the judge’s consent, to perform, for the court from which he retired, such judicial duties for such periods of time as the chief judge may specify.
(3) Any act or failure to act by a senior judge performing judicial duties pursuant to recall under paragraph (2) of this subsection shall have the same force and effect as if it were an act or failure to act of a judge on active duty; but such senior judge shall not be counted as a judge of the court on which he is serving as a recalled annuitant for purposes of the number of judgeships authorized for that court.
(4) Any senior judge performing judicial duties pursuant to recall under paragraph (2) of this subsection shall be paid, while performing such duties, the same compensation (in lieu of the annuity payable under subsection (a) of this section) and the same allowances for travel and other expenses as a judge on active duty with the court being served.
(5) Any senior judge performing judicial duties pursuant to recall under paragraph (2) of this subsection shall at all times be governed by the code of judicial conduct for United States judges approved by the Judicial Conference of the United States.
**(d)** Any judge who elects to become a senior judge under subsection (c) of this section and who thereafter—
(1) accepts civil office or employment under the Government of the United States (other than the performance of judicial duties pursuant to recall under subsection (c) of this section);
(2) engages in the practice of law; or
(3) materially violates the code of judicial conduct for United States judges,
shall cease to be a senior judge and to be eligible for recall pursuant to subsection (c) of this section.
**(e)** Any judge of the District Court of Guam, the District Court of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the District Court of the Virgin Islands who is removed by the President of the United States upon the sole ground of mental or physical disability, or who is not reappointed (as judge of such court), shall be entitled, upon attaining the age of sixty-five years or upon relinquishing office if he is then beyond the age of sixty-five years, (1) if his judicial service, continuous or otherwise, aggregates fifteen years or more, to receive during the remainder of his life an annuity equal to the salary he received when he left office, or (2) if his judicial service, continuous or otherwise, aggregated less than fifteen years but not less than ten years, to receive during the remainder of his life an annuity equal to that proportion of such salary which the aggregate number of his years of his judicial service bears to fifteen.
**(f)** Service at any time as a judge of the courts referred to in subsection (a) or of any other court of the United States, as defined by [section 451 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section451&num=0&edition=prelim), shall be included in the computation of aggregate years of judicial service for purposes of this section.
**(g)** Any retired judge who is entitled to receive an annuity under subsection (a) shall be entitled to a cost of living adjustment in the amount payable to him computed as specified in [section 8340(b) of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section8340/b&num=0&edition=prelim), except that in no case may the annuity payable to such retired judge, as increased under this subsection, exceed 95 per centum of the salary of a United States district judge in regular active service.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Hawaii constitutes one judicial district which includes the Midway Islands, Wake Island, Johnston Island, Sand Island, Kingman Reef, Palmyra Island, Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Canton Island, and Enderbury Island: Provided, That the inclusion of Canton and Enderbury Islands in such judicial district shall in no way be construed to be prejudicial to the claims of the United Kingdom to said Islands in accordance with the agreement of April 6, 1939, between the Governments of the United States and of the United Kingdom to set up a regime for their use in common.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this title:
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 451
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** For the purposes of this section—
(1) “judicial official” means:
(A) a Justice or judge of the United States, as defined by [section 451 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section451&num=0&edition=prelim);
(B) a judge of the District Court of Guam, the District Court of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the District Court of the Virgin Islands;
(C) a Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts, after he or she has filed a waiver under subsection (a) of [section 611 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section611&num=0&edition=prelim);
(D) a Director of the Federal Judicial Center, after he or she has filed a waiver under subsection (a) of [section 627 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section627&num=0&edition=prelim);
(E) a Counselor to the Chief Justice of the United States, after he or she has filed a waiver in accordance with both subsection (a) of section 677 and subsection (a) of [section 611 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section611&num=0&edition=prelim);
(F) a full-time bankruptcy judge or a full-time United States magistrate judge; or
(G) a judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims;
who notifies the Director of the Administrative Office of the United States Courts in writing of his or her intention to come within the purview of this section within six months after (i) the date upon which he or she takes office, (ii) the date upon which he or she marries, (iii) January 1, 1977, (iv) October 1, 1986, (v) the date of the enactment of the Retirement and Survivors’ Annuities for Bankruptcy Judges and Magistrate
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 376
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Any justice or judge of the United States appointed to hold office during good behavior may retire from the office after attaining the age and meeting the service requirements, whether continuous or otherwise, of subsection (c) and shall, during the remainder of his lifetime, receive an annuity equal to the salary he was receiving at the time he retired.
**(b)**
(1) Any justice or judge of the United States appointed to hold office during good behavior may retain the office but retire from regular active service after attaining the age and meeting the service requirements, whether continuous or otherwise, of subsection (c) of this section and shall, during the remainder of his or her lifetime, continue to receive the salary of the office if he or she meets the requirements of subsection (e).
(2) In a case in which a justice or judge who retires under paragraph (1) does not meet the requirements of subsection (e), the justice or judge shall continue to receive the salary that he or she was receiving when he or she was last in active service or, if a certification under subsection (e) was made for such justice or judge, when such a certification was last in effect. The salary of such justice or judge shall be adjusted under [section 461 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section461&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c)** The age and service requirements for retirement under this section are as follows: Attained age:Years of service: 6515 6614 6713 6812 6911 7010
**(d)** The President shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, a successor to a justice or judge who retires under this section.
**(e)**
(1) In order to continue receiving the salary of the office under subsection (b), a justice must be
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 371
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The district judges shall hold office during good behavior.
**(b)** Each district judge, except in the District of Columbia, the Southern District of New York, and the Eastern District of New York, shall reside in the district or one of the districts for which he is appointed. Each district judge of the Southern District of New York and the Eastern District of New York may reside within 20 miles of the district to which he or she is appointed.
**(c)** If the public interest and the nature of the business of a district court require that a district judge should maintain his abode at or near a particular place for holding court in the district or within a particular part of the district the judicial council of the circuit may so declare and may make an appropriate order. If the district judges of such a district are unable to agree as to which of them shall maintain his abode at or near the place or within the area specified in such an order the judicial council of the circuit may decide which of them shall do so.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Director shall be the administrative officer of the courts, and under the supervision and direction of the Judicial Conference of the United States, shall:
(1) Supervise all administrative matters relating to the offices of clerks and other clerical and administrative personnel of the courts;
(2) Examine the state of the dockets of the courts; secure information as to the courts’ need of assistance; prepare and transmit semiannually to the chief judges of the circuits, statistical data and reports as to the business of the courts;
(3) Submit to the annual meeting of the Judicial Conference of the United States, at least two weeks prior thereto, a report of the activities of the Administrative Office and the state of the business of the courts, together with the statistical data submitted to the chief judges of the circuits under paragraph (a)(2) of this section, and the Director’s recommendations, which report, data and recommendations shall be public documents.
(4) Submit to Congress and the Attorney General copies of the report, data and recommendations required by paragraph (a)(3) of this section;
(5) Fix the compensation of clerks of court, deputies, librarians, criers, messengers, law clerks, secretaries, stenographers, clerical assistants, and other employees of the courts whose compensation is not otherwise fixed by law, and, notwithstanding any other provision of law, pay on behalf of Justices and judges of the United States appointed to hold office during good behavior, United States magistrate judges, bankruptcy judges appointed under chapter 6 of this title, judges of the District Court of Guam, judges of the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, judges of the District Court of the Virgin Islands, bankruptcy judges and magistrate j
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 28 U.S.C. § 604
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) District Court of Guam; unified court system**
(1) The judicial authority of Guam shall be vested in a court established by Congress designated as the “District Court of Guam”, and a judicial branch of Guam which branch shall constitute a unified judicial system and include an appellate court designated as the “Supreme Court of Guam”, a trial court designated as the “Superior Court of Guam”, and such other lower local courts as may have been or shall hereafter be established by the laws of Guam.
(2) The Supreme Court of Guam may, by rules of such court, create divisions of the Superior Court of Guam and other local courts of Guam.
(3) The courts of record for Guam shall be the District Court of Guam, the Supreme Court of Guam, the Superior Court of Guam (except the Traffic and Small Claims divisions of the Superior Court of Guam) and any other local courts or divisions of local courts that the Supreme Court of Guam shall designate.
**(b) Jurisdiction** The District Court of Guam shall have the jurisdiction of a district court of the United States, including, but not limited to, the diversity jurisdiction provided for in [section 1332 of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1332&num=0&edition=prelim), and that of a bankruptcy court of the United States.
**(c) Original jurisdiction** In addition to the jurisdiction described in subsection (b), the District Court of Guam shall have original jurisdiction in all other causes in Guam, jurisdiction over which is not then vested by the legislature in another court or other courts established by it. In causes brought in the district court solely on the basis of this subsection, the district court shall be considered a court established by the laws of Guam for the purpos
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The President shall, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint a judge for the District Court of Guam who shall hold office for the term of ten years and until his successor is chosen and qualified unless sooner removed by the President for cause. The judge shall receive a salary payable by the United States which shall be at the rate prescribed for judges of the United States district courts.The Chief Judge of the Ninth Judicial Circuit of the United States may assign a judge of a local court of record or a judge of the High Court of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands or a circuit or district judge of the ninth circuit or a recalled senior judge of the District Court of Guam or of the District Court for the Northern Mariana Islands, or the Chief Justice of the United States may assign any other United States circuit or district judge with the consent of the judge so assigned and of the chief judge of his circuit, to serve temporarily as a judge in the District Court of Guam whenever it is made to appear that such an assignment is necessary for the proper dispatch of the business of the court.
**(b)** The President shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, a United States attorney and United States marshal for Guam to whose offices the provisions of chapters 35 and 37 of title 28, respectively, shall apply.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Appointment; tenure; removal; chief judge; compensation** The President shall, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, appoint two judges for the District Court of the Virgin Islands, who shall hold office for terms of ten years and until their successors are chosen and qualified, unless sooner removed by the President for cause. The judge of the district court who is senior in continuous service and who otherwise qualifies under [section 136(a) of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section136/a&num=0&edition=prelim) shall be the chief judge of the court. The salary of a judge of the district court shall be at the rate prescribed for judges of the United States district courts. Whenever it is made to appear that such an assignment is necessary for the proper dispatch of the business of the district court, the chief judge of the Third Judicial Circuit of the United States may assign a judge of a court of record of the Virgin Islands established by local law, or a circuit or district judge of the Third Judicial Circuit, or a recalled senior judge of the District Court of the Virgin Islands, or the Chief Justice of the United States may assign any other United States circuit or district judge with the consent of the judge so assigned and of the chief judge of his circuit, to serve temporarily as a judge of the District Court of the Virgin Islands. The compensation of the judges of the district court and the administrative expenses of the court shall be paid from appropriations made for the judiciary of the United States.
**(b) Criminal offenses; procedure; definitions; indictment and information** Where appropriate, the provisions of part II of title 18 and of title 28 and, notwithstanding the provisions of rule
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** For the purpose of this chapter, “employee” means—
(1) an employee as defined by [section 2105 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section2105&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) a Member of Congress as defined by [section 2106 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section2106&num=0&edition=prelim);
(3) a Congressional employee as defined by [section 2107 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section2107&num=0&edition=prelim);
(4) the President;
(5) a justice or judge of the United States appointed to hold office during good behavior (i) who is in regular active judicial service, or (ii) who is retired from regular active service under section 371(b) or 372(a) of title 28, United States Code, or (iii) who has resigned the judicial office under [section 371(a) of title 28](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section371/a&num=0&edition=prelim) with the continued right during the remainder of his lifetime to receive the salary of the office at the time of his resignation;
(6) an individual first employed by the government of the District of Columbia before October 1, 1987;
(7) an individual employed by Gallaudet College; 11 See Change of Name note below.
(8) an individual employed by a county committee established under [section 590h(b) of title 16](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section590h/b&num=0&edition=prelim);
(9) an individual appointed to a position on the office staff of a former President under section 1(b) of the Act of August 25, 1958 (72 Stat. 838); and
(10) an individual appointed to a position on the office staff of a former President, or a form
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