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18 U.S.C. § 2724 — Civil action
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Cause of Action.—** A person who knowingly obtains, discloses or uses personal information, from a motor vehicle record, for a purpose not permitted under this chapter shall be liable to the individual to whom the information pertains, who may bring a civil action in a United States district court.
**(b) Remedies.—** The court may award—
(1) actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of $2,500;
(2) punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law;
(3) reasonable attorneys’ fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred; and
(4) such other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 2724
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_3168e8c524d2cbc614f45b60
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-2724-civil-action--0cd74fde62.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 123, § 2724; chapter-123-prohibition-on-release-and-use-of-certain-personal-information-from-state-motor-vehicle-records.md
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**(a) Cause of Action.—** A person who knowingly obtains, discloses or uses personal information, from a motor vehicle record, for a purpose not permitted under this chapter shall be liable to the individual to whom the information pertains, who may bring a civil action in a United States district court.
**(b) Remedies.—** The court may award—
(1) actual damages, but not less than liquidated damages in the amount of $2,500;
(2) punitive damages upon proof of willful or reckless disregard of the law;
(3) reasonable attorneys’ fees and other litigation costs reasonably incurred; and
(4) such other preliminary and equitable relief as the court determines to be appropriate.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** A State department of motor vehicles, and any officer, employee, or contractor thereof, shall not knowingly disclose or otherwise make available to any person or entity:
(1) personal information, as defined in [18 U.S.C. 2725(3)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2725/3&num=0&edition=prelim), about any individual obtained by the department in connection with a motor vehicle record, except as provided in subsection (b) of this section; or
(2) highly restricted personal information, as defined in [18 U.S.C. 2725(4)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section2725/4&num=0&edition=prelim), about any individual obtained by the department in connection with a motor vehicle record, without the express consent of the person to whom such information applies, except uses permitted in subsections (b)(1), (b)(4), (b)(6), and (b)(9): Provided, That subsection (a)(2) shall not in any way affect the use of organ donation information on an individual’s driver’s license or affect the administration of organ donation initiatives in the States.
**(b) Permissible Uses.—** Personal information referred to in subsection (a) shall be disclosed for use in connection with matters of motor vehicle or driver safety and theft, motor vehicle emissions, motor vehicle product alterations, recalls, or advisories, performance monitoring of motor vehicles and dealers by motor vehicle manufacturers, and removal of non-owner records from the original owner records of motor vehicle manufacturers to carry out the purposes of titles I and IV of the Anti Car Theft Act of 1992, the Automobile Information Disclosure Act ([15 U.S.C. 1231](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section1
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 2721
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 673
TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
§ 2725
1 So in original. The period probably should be a semicolon.
1 So in original. First word only of item should be capitalized.
tations, see section 2421 of Pub. L. 104–208, set out as a
note under section 1681a of Title 15.
§ 2722. Additional unlawful acts
(a) PROCUREMENT FOR UNLAWFUL PURPOSE.—It
shall be unlawful for any person knowingly to
obtain or disclose personal information, from a
motor vehicle record, for any use not permitted
under section 2721(b) of this title.
(b) FALSE REPRESENTATION.—It shall be unlaw-
ful for any person to make false representation
to obtain any personal information from an in-
dividual’s motor vehicle record.
(Added Pub. L. 103–322, title XXX, § 300002(a),
Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2101.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective on the date that is 3 years after
Sept. 13, 1994, with provisions relating to release of per-
sonal information before the effective date and compli-
ance after such date, see section 300003 of Pub. L.
103–322, set out as a note under section 2721 of this title.
§ 2723. Penalties
(a) CRIMINAL FINE.—A person who knowingly
violates this chapter shall be fined under this
title.
(b) VIOLATIONS
BY
STATE
DEPARTMENT
OF
MOTOR
VEHICLES.—Any State department of
motor vehicles that has a policy or practice of
substantial noncompliance with this chapter
shall be subject to a civil penalty imposed by
the Attorney General of not more than $5,000 a
day for each day of substantial noncompliance.
(Added Pub. L. 103–322, title XXX, § 300002(a),
Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2101.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Section effective on the date that is 3 years after
Sept. 13, 1994, with provisions
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 18 U.S.C. § 2724
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