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18 U.S.C. § 1581 — Peonage; obstructing enforcement
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Whoever holds or returns any person to a condition of peonage, or arrests any person with the intent of placing him in or returning him to a condition of peonage, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both.
**(b)** Whoever obstructs, or attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be liable to the penalties prescribed in subsection (a).
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_2d273d373d605a5c56a757a5
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-18/section-1581-peonage-obstructing-enforcement--5c41c15fd5.md
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Source location: Title 18, Chapter 77, § 1581; chapter-077-peonage-slavery-and-trafficking-in-persons.md
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**(a)** Whoever holds or returns any person to a condition of peonage, or arrests any person with the intent of placing him in or returning him to a condition of peonage, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both.
**(b)** Whoever obstructs, or attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be liable to the penalties prescribed in subsection (a).
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The Commission, by affirmative vote of at least four members of the Commission, and pursuant to its rules and regulations and consistent with all pertinent provisions of any Federal statute shall promulgate and distribute to all courts of the United States and to the United States Probation System—
(1) guidelines, as described in this section, for use of a sentencing court in determining the sentence to be imposed in a criminal case, including—
(A) a determination whether to impose a sentence to probation, a fine, or a term of imprisonment;
(B) a determination as to the appropriate amount of a fine or the appropriate length of a term of probation or a term of imprisonment;
(C) a determination whether a sentence to a term of imprisonment should include a requirement that the defendant be placed on a term of supervised release after imprisonment, and, if so, the appropriate length of such a term;
(D) a determination whether multiple sentences to terms of imprisonment should be ordered to run concurrently or consecutively; and
(E) a determination under paragraphs (6) and (11) 11 See References in Text note below. of [section 3563(b) of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section3563/b&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) general policy statements regarding application of the guidelines or any other aspect of sentencing or sentence implementation that in the view of the Commission would further the purposes set forth in [section 3553(a)(2) of title 18](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title18-section3553/a/2&num=0&edition=prelim), United States Code, including the appropriate use of—
(A) the sanctions set forth in sections 3554, 3555, and 3556 of title 18;
(B) the conditions of proba
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Whoever commits an offense against the United States or aids, abets, counsels, commands, induces or procures its commission, is punishable as a principal.
**(b)** Whoever willfully causes an act to be done which if directly performed by him or another would be an offense against the United States, is punishable as a principal.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Whoever—
(1) kidnaps or carries away any other person, with the intent that such other person be sold into involuntary servitude, or held as a slave;
(2) entices, persuades, or induces any other person to go on board any vessel or to any other place with the intent that he or she may be made or held as a slave, or sent out of the country to be so made or held; or
(3) obstructs, or attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section,
shall be fined under this title, imprisoned not more than 30 years, or both.
**(b)** Whoever violates this section shall be fined under this title, imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both if—
(1) the violation results in the death of the victim; or
(2) the violation includes kidnaping, an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse, an attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** Whoever knowingly and willfully holds to involuntary servitude or sells into any condition of involuntary servitude, any other person for any term, or brings within the United States any person so held, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both. If death results from the violation of this section, or if the violation includes kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or the attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, the defendant shall be fined under this title or imprisoned for any term of years or life, or both.
**(b)** Whoever obstructs, attempts to obstruct, or in any way interferes with or prevents the enforcement of this section, shall be subject to the penalties described in subsection (a).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 1584
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Whoever, being the master or owner or person having charge of any vessel, receives on board any other person with the knowledge or intent that such person is to be carried from any place within the United States to any other place to be held or sold as a slave, or carries away from any place within the United States any such person with the intent that he may be so held or sold as a slave, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 18 U.S.C. § 1588
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 409
TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
§ 1583
Sec.
1593.
Mandatory restitution.
1593A.
Benefitting financially from peonage, slavery,
and trafficking in persons.
1594.
General provisions.
1595.
Civil remedy.
1595A.
Civil injunctions.
1596.
Additional jurisdiction in certain trafficking
offenses.
1597.
Unlawful conduct with respect to immigra-
tion documents.
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
It was felt that further revision of this chapter
should be considered at an opportune time for the same
reasons stated with respect to chapter 81, ‘‘Piracy and
Privateering’’.
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
2018—Pub. L. 115–393, title II, § 201(b), Dec. 21, 2018, 132
Stat. 5267, added item 1595A.
2013—Pub. L. 113–4, title XII, § 1211(c)(2), Mar. 7, 2013,
127 Stat. 143, added item 1597.
2008—Pub. L. 110–457, title II, §§ 222(d)(2), 223(b), Dec.
23, 2008, 122 Stat. 5070, 5072, added items 1593A and 1596.
2003—Pub. L. 108–193, §§ 4(a)(4)(B), 5(c)(1), Dec. 19, 2003,
117 Stat. 2878, 2879, substituted ‘‘PEONAGE, SLAVERY,
AND TRAFFICKING IN PERSONS’’ for ‘‘PEONAGE
AND SLAVERY’’ as chapter heading and added item
1595.
2000—Pub. L. 106–386, div. A, § 112(a)(3), Oct. 28, 2000,
114 Stat. 1489, added items 1589 to 1594.
1949—Act May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 36, 63 Stat. 95, sub-
stituted a semicolon for comma after ‘‘Peonage’’ in
item 1581.
§ 1581. Peonage; obstructing enforcement
(a) Whoever holds or returns any person to a
condition of peonage, or arrests any person with
the intent of placing him in or returning him to
a condition of peonage, shall be fined under this
title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or
both. If death results from the violation of this
section, or if the violation includes kidnapping
or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated se
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 18 U.S.C. § 1581
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