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54 U.S.C. § 102301 — Volunteers in parks program
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment.—** The Secretary may recruit, train, and accept, without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5 or regulations prescribed under that chapter or subchapter, the services of individuals without compensation as volunteers for or in aid of interpretive functions or other visitor services or activities in and related to System units and related areas. In accepting those services, the Secretary shall not permit the use of volunteers in hazardous duty or law enforcement work or in policymaking processes, or to displace any employee. The services of individuals whom the Secretary determines are skilled in performing hazardous activities may be accepted.
**(b) Incidental Expenses.—** The Secretary may provide for incidental expenses of volunteers, such as transportation, uniforms, lodging, and subsistence.
**(c) Federal Employee Status for Volunteers.—**
(1) **Employment status of volunteers.—** — Except as otherwise provided in this section, a volunteer shall not be deemed a Federal employee and shall not be subject to the provisions of law relating to Federal employment, including those relating to hours of work, rates of compensation, leave, unemployment compensation, and Federal employee benefits.
(2) **Tort claims.—** — For the purpose of sections 1346(b) and 2401(b) and chapter 171 of title 28, a volunteer under this chapter shall be deemed a Federal employee.
(3) **Volunteers deemed civil employees.—** — For the purposes of subchapter I of chapter 81 of title 5, volunteers under this chapter shall be deemed civil employees of the United States within the meaning of the term “employee” as defined in [section 8101 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section8101&num=0&edition=prel
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-54/section-102301-volunteers-in-parks-program--b4253c7aa7.md
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Source location: Title 54, Chapter 1023, § 102301; chapter-1023-chapter-1023.md
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**(a) Establishment.—** The Secretary may recruit, train, and accept, without regard to chapter 51 and subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5 or regulations prescribed under that chapter or subchapter, the services of individuals without compensation as volunteers for or in aid of interpretive functions or other visitor services or activities in and related to System units and related areas. In accepting those services, the Secretary shall not permit the use of volunteers in hazardous duty or law enforcement work or in policymaking processes, or to displace any employee. The services of individuals whom the Secretary determines are skilled in performing hazardous activities may be accepted.
**(b) Incidental Expenses.—** The Secretary may provide for incidental expenses of volunteers, such as transportation, uniforms, lodging, and subsistence.
**(c) Federal Employee Status for Volunteers.—**
(1) **Employment status of volunteers.—** — Except as otherwise provided in this section, a volunteer shall not be deemed a Federal employee and shall not be subject to the provisions of law relating to Federal employment, including those relating to hours of work, rates of compensation, leave, unemployment compensation, and Federal employee benefits.
(2) **Tort claims.—** — For the purpose of sections 1346(b) and 2401(b) and chapter 171 of title 28, a volunteer under this chapter shall be deemed a Federal employee.
(3) **Volunteers deemed civil employees.—** — For the purposes of subchapter I of chapter 81 of title 5, volunteers under this chapter shall be deemed civil employees of the United States within the meaning of the term “employee” as defined in [section 8101 of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section8101&num=0&edition=prelim), and subchapter I of chapter 81 of title 5 shall apply.
(4) **Compensation for losses and damages.—** — For the purpose of claims relating to damage to, or loss of, personal property of a volunteer incident to volunteer service, a volunteer under this chapter shall be deemed a Federal employee, and [section 3721 of title 31](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title31-section3721&num=0&edition=prelim) shall apply.
**(d) Authorization of Appropriations.—** There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section not more than $9,000,000 for each fiscal year.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 91–357, § 3, July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 472; Pub. L. 101–286, title II, § 204(b), May 9, 1990, 104 Stat. 175, related to Federal employee status for volunteers. See [section 102301(c) of Title 54](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title54-section102301/c&num=0&edition=prelim), National Park Service and Related Programs.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 18i
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** The Secretary, acting through the Director of the National Park Service, shall promote and regulate the use of the National Park System by means and measures that conform to the fundamental purpose of the System units, which purpose is to conserve the scenery, natural and historic objects, and wild life in the System units and to provide for the enjoyment of the scenery, natural and historic objects, and wild life in such manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations.
**(b) Declarations.—**
(1) **1970 declarations.—** — Congress declares that—
(A) the National Park System, which began with establishment of Yellowstone National Park in 1872, has since grown to include superlative natural, historic, and recreation areas in every major region of the United States and its territories and possessions;
(B) these areas, though distinct in character, are united through their interrelated purposes and resources into one National Park System as cumulative expressions of a single national heritage;
(C) individually and collectively, these areas derive increased national dignity and recognition of their superb environmental quality through their inclusion jointly with each other in one System preserved and managed for the benefit and inspiration of all the people of the United States; and
(D) it is the purpose of this division to include all these areas in the System and to clarify the authorities applicable to the System.
(2) **1978 reaffirmation.—** — Congress reaffirms, declares, and directs that the promotion and regulation of the various System units shall be consistent with and founded in the purpose established by subsection (a), to the common benefit of all the people of the United States.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** In this section—
(1) “agency” does not include a nonappropriated fund activity or a contractor with the United States Government.
(2) “head of an agency” means—
(A) for a military department, the Secretary of the military department;
(B) for the Department of Defense (except the military departments), the Secretary of Defense; and
(C) for another agency, the head of the agency.
(3) “settle” means consider, determine, adjust, and dispose of a claim by disallowance or by complete or partial allowance.
**(b)**
(1) The head of an agency may settle and pay not more than $40,000 for a claim against the Government made by a member of the uniformed services under the jurisdiction of the agency or by an officer or employee of the agency for damage to, or loss of, personal property incident to service. If, however, the claim arose from an emergency evacuation or from extraordinary circumstances, the amount settled and paid under the authority of the preceding sentence may exceed $40,000, but may not exceed $100,000. A claim allowed under this subsection may be paid in money or the personal property replaced in kind.
(2) The Secretary of State may waive the settlement and payment limitation referred to in paragraph (1) for claims for damage or loss by United States Government personnel under the jurisdiction of a chief of mission in a foreign country if such claims arise in circumstances where there is in effect a departure from the country authorized or ordered under circumstances described in [section 5522(a) of title 5](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title5-section5522/a&num=0&edition=prelim), if the Secretary determines that there exists exceptional circumstances that warrant such a waiver.
**(c)** On paying a claim under t
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 31 U.S.C. § 3721
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
For the purpose of this subchapter—
(1) “employee” means—
(A) a civil officer or employee in any branch of the Government of the United States, including an officer or employee of an instrumentality wholly owned by the United States;
(B) an individual rendering personal service to the United States similar to the service of a civil officer or employee of the United States, without pay or for nominal pay, when a statute authorizes the acceptance or use of the service, or authorizes payment of travel or other expenses of the individual;
(C) an individual, other than an independent contractor or an individual employed by an independent contractor, employed on the Menominee Indian Reservation in Wisconsin in operations conducted under a statute relating to tribal timber and logging operations on that reservation;
(D) an individual employed by the government of the District of Columbia;
(E) an individual appointed to a position on the office staff of a former President under section 1(b) of the Act of August 25, 1958 (72 Stat. 838);
(F) an individual selected pursuant to chapter 121 of title 28, and serving as a petit or grand juror; and
(G) an individual who is a System member of the National Urban Search and Rescue Response System during a period of appointment into Federal service pursuant to section 327 of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act;
but does not include—
(i) a commissioned officer of the Regular Corps of the Public Health Service;
(ii) a commissioned officer of the Reserve Corps 11 See Change of Name note below. of the Public Health Service on active duty;
(iii) a commissioned officer of the Environmental Science Services Administration; or
(iv) a member of the Metropolitan Police or the Fire D
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 91–357, § 2, July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 472, related to incidental expenses. See [section 102301(b) of Title 54](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title54-section102301/b&num=0&edition=prelim), National Park Service and Related Programs.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 91–357, § 4, July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 472; Pub. L. 94–128, Nov. 13, 1975, 89 Stat. 682; Pub. L. 98–540, § 1(a), Oct. 24, 1984, 98 Stat. 2718; Pub. L. 104–333, div. I, title VIII, § 805, Nov. 12, 1996, 110 Stat. 4188; Pub. L. 113–235, div. F, title I, § 118, Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2421, authorized appropriations. See [section 102301(d) of Title 54](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title54-section102301/d&num=0&edition=prelim), National Park Service and Related Programs.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 18j
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, Pub. L. 91–357, § 1, July 29, 1970, 84 Stat. 472; Pub. L. 98–540, § 1(b), Oct. 24, 1984, 98 Stat. 2718, related to creation of volunteers in parks program. See [section 102301(a) of Title 54](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title54-section102301/a&num=0&edition=prelim), National Park Service and Related Programs.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 18g
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Consultation of Secretary with other agencies; transfer of management responsibilities; selection of rights-of-way; criteria for selection; notice; impact upon established uses**
(1)
(A) The Secretary charged with the overall administration of a trail pursuant to [section 1244(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1244/a&num=0&edition=prelim) shall, in administering and managing the trail, consult with the heads of all other affected State and Federal agencies. Nothing contained in this chapter shall be deemed to transfer among Federal agencies any management responsibilities established under any other law for federally administered lands which are components of the National Trails System. Any transfer of management responsibilities may be carried out between the Secretary of the Interior and the Secretary of Agriculture only as provided under subparagraph (B).
(B) The Secretary charged with the overall administration of any trail pursuant to [section 1244(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section1244/a&num=0&edition=prelim) may transfer management of any specified trail segment of such trail to the other appropriate Secretary pursuant to a joint memorandum of agreement containing such terms and conditions as the Secretaries consider most appropriate to accomplish the purposes of this chapter. During any period in which management responsibilities for any trail segment are transferred under such an agreement, the management of any such segment shall be subject to the laws, rules, and regulations of the Secretary provided with the management authority under the agreement, except to such extent as the agreement may otherwise expressly provide.
(2) Pu
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Volunteer planning, development, maintenance, and management of trails**
(1) In addition to the cooperative agreement and other authorities contained in this chapter, the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the head of any Federal agency administering Federal lands, are authorized to encourage volunteers and volunteer organizations to plan, develop, maintain, and manage, where appropriate, trails throughout the Nation.
(2) Wherever appropriate in furtherance of the purposes of this chapter, the Secretaries are authorized and encouraged to utilize [section 102301 of title 54](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title54-section102301&num=0&edition=prelim), the Volunteers in the Forests Act of 1972 11 See References in Text note below. [[16 U.S.C. 558a](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title16-section558a&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.], and 200305 22 So in original. Probably should be preceded by “section”. of title 54 (relating to the development of Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plans).
**(b) Scope of volunteer work** Each Secretary or the head of any Federal land managing agency may assist volunteers and volunteer organizations in planning, developing, maintaining, and managing trails. Volunteer work may include, but need not be limited to—
(1) planning, developing, maintaining, or managing (A) trails which are components of the national trails system, or (B) trails which, if so developed and maintained, could qualify for designation as components of the national trails system; or
(2) operating programs to organize and supervise volunteer trail building efforts with respect to the trails referred to in paragraph (1), conducting trail-related research projects, or providi
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1250
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Assistance of Secretary of the Interior** The Secretary of the Interior shall encourage and assist the States to consider, in formulating and carrying out their comprehensive statewide outdoor recreation plans and proposals for financing assistance for State and local projects submitted pursuant to chapter 2003 of title 54),11 So in original. The closing parenthesis probably should not appear. needs and opportunities for establishing State and local wild, scenic and recreational river areas.
**(b) Assistance of Secretaries of the Interior, Agriculture, or other Federal agency heads; use of Federal facilities, equipment, etc.; conditions on permits or other authorizations**
(1) The Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, or the head of any other Federal agency, shall assist, advise, and cooperate with States or their political subdivisions, landowners, private organizations, or individuals to plan, protect, and manage river resources. Such assistance, advice, and cooperation may be through written agreements or otherwise. This authority applies within or outside a federally administered area and applies to rivers which are components of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System and to other rivers. Any agreement under this subsection may include provisions for limited financial or other assistance to encourage participation in the acquisition, protection, and management of river resources.
(2) Wherever appropriate in furtherance of this chapter, the Secretary of Agriculture and the Secretary of the Interior are authorized and encouraged to utilize the following:
(A) For activities on federally owned land, [section 102301 of title 54](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title54-section102301&num=0&edition=prelim) and
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 16 U.S.C. § 1282
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