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35 U.S.C. § 100 — Definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
When used in this title unless the context otherwise indicates—
**(a)** The term “invention” means invention or discovery.
**(b)** The term “process” means process, art or method, and includes a new use of a known process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, or material.
**(c)** The terms “United States” and “this country” mean the United States of America, its territories and possessions.
**(d)** The word “patentee” includes not only the patentee to whom the patent was issued but also the successors in title to the patentee.
**(e)** The term “third-party requester” means a person requesting ex parte reexamination under section 302 who is not the patent owner.
**(f)** The term “inventor” means the individual or, if a joint invention, the individuals collectively who invented or discovered the subject matter of the invention.
**(g)** The terms “joint inventor” and “coinventor” mean any 1 of the individuals who invented or discovered the subject matter of a joint invention.
**(h)** The term “joint research agreement” means a written contract, grant, or cooperative agreement entered into by 2 or more persons or entities for the performance of experimental, developmental, or research work in the field of the claimed invention.
**(i)**
(1) The term “effective filing date” for a claimed invention in a patent or application for patent means—
(A) if subparagraph (B) does not apply, the actual filing date of the patent or the application for the patent containing a claim to the invention; or
(B) the filing date of the earliest application for which the patent or application is entitled, as to such invention, to a right of priority under section 119, 365(a), 365(b), 386(a), or 386(b) or to the benefit of an earlier filing date under section 120, 121, 365(
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Source location: Title 35, Chapter 10, § 100; chapter-010-patentability-of-inventions.md
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When used in this title unless the context otherwise indicates—
**(a)** The term “invention” means invention or discovery.
**(b)** The term “process” means process, art or method, and includes a new use of a known process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, or material.
**(c)** The terms “United States” and “this country” mean the United States of America, its territories and possessions.
**(d)** The word “patentee” includes not only the patentee to whom the patent was issued but also the successors in title to the patentee.
**(e)** The term “third-party requester” means a person requesting ex parte reexamination under section 302 who is not the patent owner.
**(f)** The term “inventor” means the individual or, if a joint invention, the individuals collectively who invented or discovered the subject matter of the invention.
**(g)** The terms “joint inventor” and “coinventor” mean any 1 of the individuals who invented or discovered the subject matter of a joint invention.
**(h)** The term “joint research agreement” means a written contract, grant, or cooperative agreement entered into by 2 or more persons or entities for the performance of experimental, developmental, or research work in the field of the claimed invention.
**(i)**
(1) The term “effective filing date” for a claimed invention in a patent or application for patent means—
(A) if subparagraph (B) does not apply, the actual filing date of the patent or the application for the patent containing a claim to the invention; or
(B) the filing date of the earliest application for which the patent or application is entitled, as to such invention, to a right of priority under section 119, 365(a), 365(b), 386(a), or 386(b) or to the benefit of an earlier filing date under section 120, 121, 365(c), or 386(c).
(2) The effective filing date for a claimed invention in an application for reissue or reissued patent shall be determined by deeming the claim to the invention to have been contained in the patent for which reissue was sought.
**(j)** The term “claimed invention” means the subject matter defined by a claim in a patent or an application for a patent.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—** When used in this part, unless the context otherwise indicates—
(1) the term “treaty” means the Geneva Act of the Hague Agreement Concerning the International Registration of Industrial Designs adopted at Geneva on July 2, 1999;
(2) the term “regulations”—
(A) when capitalized, means the Common Regulations under the treaty; and
(B) when not capitalized, means the regulations established by the Director under this title;
(3) the terms “designation”, “designating”, and “designate” refer to a request that an international registration have effect in a Contracting Party to the treaty;
(4) the term “International Bureau” means the international intergovernmental organization that is recognized as the coordinating body under the treaty and the Regulations;
(5) the term “effective registration date” means the date of international registration determined by the International Bureau under the treaty;
(6) the term “international design application” means an application for international registration; and
(7) the term “international registration” means the international registration of an industrial design filed under the treaty.
**(b) Rule of Construction.—** Terms and expressions not defined in this part are to be taken in the sense indicated by the treaty and the Regulations.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 35 U.S.C. § 381
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) General Fees.—** The Director shall charge the following fees:
(1) **Filing and basic national fees.—**
(A) On filing each application for an original patent, except for design, plant, or provisional applications, $330.
(B) On filing each application for an original design patent, $220.
(C) On filing each application for an original plant patent, $220.
(D) On filing each provisional application for an original patent, $220.
(E) On filing each application for the reissue of a patent, $330.
(F) The basic national fee for each international application filed under the treaty defined in section 351(a) entering the national stage under section 371, $330.
(G) In addition, excluding any sequence listing or computer program listing filed in an electronic medium as prescribed by the Director, for any application the specification and drawings of which exceed 100 sheets of paper (or equivalent as prescribed by the Director if filed in an electronic medium), $270 for each additional 50 sheets of paper (or equivalent as prescribed by the Director if filed in an electronic medium) or fraction thereof.
(2) **Excess claims fees.—**
(A) *In general.—* — In addition to the fee specified in paragraph (1)—
(i) on filing or on presentation at any other time, $220 for each claim in independent form in excess of 3;
(ii) on filing or on presentation at any other time, $52 for each claim (whether dependent or independent) in excess of 20; and
(iii) for each application containing a multiple dependent claim, $390.
(B) *Multiple dependent claims.—* — For the purpose of computing fees under subparagraph (A), a multiple dependent claim referred to in section 112 or any claim depending therefrom shall be considered as separate dependent claims in ac
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $100,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $1,000,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding 10 years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Novelty; Prior Art.—** A person shall be entitled to a patent unless—
(1) the claimed invention was patented, described in a printed publication, or in public use, on sale, or otherwise available to the public before the effective filing date of the claimed invention; or
(2) the claimed invention was described in a patent issued under section 151, or in an application for patent published or deemed published under section 122(b), in which the patent or application, as the case may be, names another inventor and was effectively filed before the effective filing date of the claimed invention.
**(b) Exceptions.—**
(1) **Disclosures made 1 year or less before the effective filing date of the claimed invention.—** — A disclosure made 1 year or less before the effective filing date of a claimed invention shall not be prior art to the claimed invention under subsection (a)(1) if—
(A) the disclosure was made by the inventor or joint inventor or by another who obtained the subject matter disclosed directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint inventor; or
(B) the subject matter disclosed had, before such disclosure, been publicly disclosed by the inventor or a joint inventor or another who obtained the subject matter disclosed directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint inventor.
(2) **Disclosures appearing in applications and patents.—** — A disclosure shall not be prior art to a claimed invention under subsection (a)(2) if—
(A) the subject matter disclosed was obtained directly or indirectly from the inventor or a joint inventor;
(B) the subject matter disclosed had, before such subject matter was effectively filed under subsection (a)(2), been publicly disclosed by the inventor or a joint inventor or another who obtained the subject matter
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 35 U.S.C. § 102
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
A patent for a claimed invention may not be obtained, notwithstanding that the claimed invention is not identically disclosed as set forth in section 102, if the differences between the claimed invention and the prior art are such that the claimed invention as a whole would have been obvious before the effective filing date of the claimed invention to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the claimed invention pertains. Patentability shall not be negated by the manner in which the invention was made.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, act July 19, 1952, ch. 950, 66 Stat. 798; Pub. L. 93–596, § 1, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1949; Pub. L. 94–131, § 6, Nov. 14, 1975, 89 Stat. 691; Pub. L. 98–622, title IV, § 403(a), Nov. 8, 1984, 98 Stat. 3392; Pub. L. 103–182, title III, § 331, Dec. 8, 1993, 107 Stat. 2113; Pub. L. 103–465, title V, § 531(a), Dec. 8, 1994, 108 Stat. 4982; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(9) [title IV, § 4732(a)(10)(A)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–582; Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title III, § 13206(b)(1)(B), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1906; Pub. L. 112–29, § 20(j), Sept. 16, 2011, 125 Stat. 335, related to inventions made abroad.
#### Effective Date of Repeal
Repeal effective upon the expiration of the 18-month period beginning on Sept. 16, 2011, and applicable to certain applications for patent and any patents issuing thereon, see section 3(n) of Pub. L. 112–29, set out as an Effective Date of 2011 Amendment; Savings Provisions note under [section 100 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title35-section100&num=0&edition=prelim).
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 35 U.S.C. § 104
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In General.—**
(1) **Written application.—** — An application for patent shall be made, or authorized to be made, by the inventor, except as otherwise provided in this title, in writing to the Director.
(2) **Contents.—** — Such application shall include—
(A) a specification as prescribed by section 112;
(B) a drawing as prescribed by section 113; and
(C) an oath or declaration as prescribed by section 115.
(3) **Fee, oath or declaration, and claims.—** — The application shall be accompanied by the fee required by law. The fee, oath or declaration, and 1 or more claims may be submitted after the filing date of the application, within such period and under such conditions, including the payment of a surcharge, as may be prescribed by the Director. Upon failure to submit the fee, oath or declaration, and 1 or more claims within such prescribed period, the application shall be regarded as abandoned.
(4) **Filing date.—** — The filing date of an application shall be the date on which a specification, with or without claims, is received in the United States Patent and Trademark Office.
**(b) Provisional Application.—**
(1) **Authorization.—** — A provisional application for patent shall be made or authorized to be made by the inventor, except as otherwise provided in this title, in writing to the Director. Such application shall include—
(A) a specification as prescribed by section 112(a); and
(B) a drawing as prescribed by section 113.
(2) **Claim.—** — A claim, as required by subsections (b) through (e) of section 112, shall not be required in a provisional application.
(3) **Fee.—** — The application shall be accompanied by the fee required by law. The fee may be submitted after the filing date of the application, within such period and under
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 35 U.S.C. § 111
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Naming the Inventor; Inventor’s Oath or Declaration.—** An application for patent that is filed under section 111(a) or commences the national stage under section 371 shall include, or be amended to include, the name of the inventor for any invention claimed in the application. Except as otherwise provided in this section, each individual who is the inventor or a joint inventor of a claimed invention in an application for patent shall execute an oath or declaration in connection with the application.
**(b) Required Statements.—** An oath or declaration under subsection (a) shall contain statements that—
(1) the application was made or was authorized to be made by the affiant or declarant; and
(2) such individual believes himself or herself to be the original inventor or an original joint inventor of a claimed invention in the application.
**(c) Additional Requirements.—** The Director may specify additional information relating to the inventor and the invention that is required to be included in an oath or declaration under subsection (a).
**(d) Substitute Statement.—**
(1) **In general.—** — In lieu of executing an oath or declaration under subsection (a), the applicant for patent may provide a substitute statement under the circumstances described in paragraph (2) and such additional circumstances that the Director may specify by regulation.
(2) **Permitted circumstances.—** — A substitute statement under paragraph (1) is permitted with respect to any individual who—
(A) is unable to file the oath or declaration under subsection (a) because the individual—
(i) is deceased;
(ii) is under legal incapacity; or
(iii) cannot be found or reached after diligent effort; or
(B) is under an obligation to assign the invention but has refused to
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** An application for patent for an invention filed in this country by any person who has, or whose legal representatives or assigns have, previously regularly filed an application for a patent for the same invention in a foreign country which affords similar privileges in the case of applications filed in the United States or to citizens of the United States, or in a WTO member country, shall have the same effect as the same application would have if filed in this country on the date on which the application for patent for the same invention was first filed in such foreign country, if the application in this country is filed within 12 months from the earliest date on which such foreign application was filed. The Director may prescribe regulations, including the requirement for payment of the fee specified in section 41(a)(7), pursuant to which the 12-month period set forth in this subsection may be extended by an additional 2 months if the delay in filing the application in this country within the 12-month period was unintentional.
**(b)**
(1) No application for patent shall be entitled to this right of priority unless a claim is filed in the Patent and Trademark Office, identifying the foreign application by specifying the application number on that foreign application, the intellectual property authority or country in or for which the application was filed, and the date of filing the application, at such time during the pendency of the application as required by the Director.
(2) The Director may consider the failure of the applicant to file a timely claim for priority as a waiver of any such claim. The Director may establish procedures, including the requirement for payment of the fee specified in section 41(a)(7), to accept an unintentionally delayed claim
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
An application for patent for an invention disclosed in the manner provided by section 112(a) (other than the requirement to disclose the best mode) in an application previously filed in the United States, or as provided by section 363 or 385, which names an inventor or joint inventor in the previously filed application shall have the same effect, as to such invention, as though filed on the date of the prior application, if filed before the patenting or abandonment of or termination of proceedings on the first application or on an application similarly entitled to the benefit of the filing date of the first application and if it contains or is amended to contain a specific reference to the earlier filed application. No application shall be entitled to the benefit of an earlier filed application under this section unless an amendment containing the specific reference to the earlier filed application is submitted at such time during the pendency of the application as required by the Director. The Director may consider the failure to submit such an amendment within that time period as a waiver of any benefit under this section. The Director may establish procedures, including the requirement for payment of the fee specified in section 41(a)(7), to accept an unintentionally delayed submission of an amendment under this section.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 35 U.S.C. § 120
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