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15 U.S.C. § 3705 — Cooperative Research Centers
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** The Secretary shall provide assistance for the establishment of Cooperative Research Centers. Such Centers shall be affiliated with any university, or other nonprofit institution, or group thereof, that applies for and is awarded a grant or enters into a cooperative agreement under this section. The objective of the Centers is to enhance technological innovation through—
(1) the participation of individuals from industry and universities in cooperative technological innovation activities;
(2) the development of the generic research base, important for technological advance and innovative activity, in which individual firms have little incentive to invest, but which may have significant economic or strategic importance, such as manufacturing technology;
(3) the education and training of individuals in the technological innovation process;
(4) the improvement of mechanisms for the dissemination of scientific, engineering, and technical information among universities and industry;
(5) the utilization of the capability and expertise, where appropriate, that exists in Federal laboratories; and
(6) the development of continuing financial support from other mission agencies, from State and local government, and from industry and universities through, among other means, fees, licenses, and royalties.
**(b) Activities** The activities of the Centers shall include, but need not be limited to—
(1) research supportive of technological and industrial innovation including cooperative industry-university research;
(2) assistance to individuals and small businesses in the generation, evaluation, and development of technological ideas supportive of industrial innovation and new business ventures;
(3) technical assistance and advisory services to industry,
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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-15/section-3705-cooperative-research-centers--26174ba6fd.md
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Source location: Title 15, Chapter 63, § 3705; chapter-063-technology-innovation.md
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**(a) Establishment** The Secretary shall provide assistance for the establishment of Cooperative Research Centers. Such Centers shall be affiliated with any university, or other nonprofit institution, or group thereof, that applies for and is awarded a grant or enters into a cooperative agreement under this section. The objective of the Centers is to enhance technological innovation through—
(1) the participation of individuals from industry and universities in cooperative technological innovation activities;
(2) the development of the generic research base, important for technological advance and innovative activity, in which individual firms have little incentive to invest, but which may have significant economic or strategic importance, such as manufacturing technology;
(3) the education and training of individuals in the technological innovation process;
(4) the improvement of mechanisms for the dissemination of scientific, engineering, and technical information among universities and industry;
(5) the utilization of the capability and expertise, where appropriate, that exists in Federal laboratories; and
(6) the development of continuing financial support from other mission agencies, from State and local government, and from industry and universities through, among other means, fees, licenses, and royalties.
**(b) Activities** The activities of the Centers shall include, but need not be limited to—
(1) research supportive of technological and industrial innovation including cooperative industry-university research;
(2) assistance to individuals and small businesses in the generation, evaluation, and development of technological ideas supportive of industrial innovation and new business ventures;
(3) technical assistance and advisory services to industry, particularly small businesses; and
(4) curriculum development, training, and instruction in invention, entrepreneurship, and industrial innovation.
Each Center need not undertake all of the activities under this subsection.
**(c) Requirements** Prior to establishing a Center, the Secretary shall find that—
(1) consideration has been given to the potential contribution of the activities proposed under the Center to productivity, employment, and economic competitiveness of the United States;
(2) a high likelihood exists of continuing participation, advice, financial support, and other contributions from the private sector;
(3) the host university or other nonprofit institution has a plan for the management and evaluation of the activities proposed within the particular Center, including:
(A) the agreement between the parties as to the allocation of patent rights on a nonexclusive, partially exclusive, or exclusive license basis to and inventions conceived or made under the auspices of the Center; and
(B) the consideration of means to place the Center, to the maximum extent feasible, on a self-sustaining basis;
(4) suitable consideration has been given to the university’s or other nonprofit institution’s capabilities and geographical location; and
(5) consideration has been given to any effects upon competition of the activities proposed under the Center.
**(d) Planning grants** The Secretary is authorized to make available nonrenewable planning grants to universities or nonprofit institutions for the purpose of developing a plan required under subsection (c)(3).
**(e) Research and development utilization** In the promotion of technology from research and development efforts by Centers under this section, chapter 18 of title 35 shall apply to the extent not inconsistent with this section.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
The Congress finds and declares that:
(1) Technology and industrial innovation are central to the economic, environmental, and social well-being of citizens of the United States.
(2) Technology and industrial innovation offer an improved standard of living, increased public and private sector productivity, creation of new industries and employment opportunities, improved public services and enhanced competitiveness of United States products in world markets.
(3) Many new discoveries and advances in science occur in universities and Federal laboratories, while the application of this new knowledge to commercial and useful public purposes depends largely upon actions by business and labor. Cooperation among academia, Federal laboratories, labor, and industry, in such forms as technology transfer, personnel exchange, joint research projects, and others, should be renewed, expanded, and strengthened.
(4) Small businesses have performed an important role in advancing industrial and technological innovation.
(5) Industrial and technological innovation in the United States may be lagging when compared to historical patterns and other industrialized nations.
(6) Increased industrial and technological innovation would reduce trade deficits, stabilize the dollar, increase productivity gains, increase employment, and stabilize prices.
(7) Government antitrust, economic, trade, patent, procurement, regulatory, research and development, and tax policies have significant impacts upon industrial innovation and development of technology, but there is insufficient knowledge of their effects in particular sectors of the economy.
(8) No comprehensive national policy exists to enhance technological innovation for commercial and public purposes. There is a need for such a policy, in
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 3701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment; appointment; membership and composition; review and recommendations** There is established within the Institute a Visiting Committee on Advanced Technology (hereafter in this chapter referred to as the “Committee”). The Committee shall consist of not fewer than 9 members appointed by the Director, a majority of whom shall be from United States industry. The Director shall appoint as original members of the Committee any final members of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Visiting Committee who wish to serve in such capacity. In addition to any powers and functions otherwise granted to it by this chapter, the Committee shall review and make recommendations regarding general policy for the Institute, its organization, its budget, and its programs within the framework of applicable national policies as set forth by the President and the Congress.
**(b) Qualifications; recommendations for appointment** The persons appointed as members of the Committee—
(1) shall be eminent in fields such as business, research, new product development, engineering, labor, education, management consulting, environment, and international relations;
(2) shall be selected solely on the basis of established records of distinguished service;
(3) shall not be employees of the Federal Government; and
(4) shall be so selected as to provide representation of a cross-section of the traditional and emerging United States industries.
The Director is requested, in making appointments of persons as members of the Committee, to give due consideration to any recommendations which may be submitted to the Director by the National Academies, professional societies, business associations, labor associations, and other appropriate organizations.
**(c) Terms of office; el
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 278
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary may make grants and enter into cooperative agreements according to the provisions of this section in order to assist any activity consistent with this chapter, including activities performed by individuals.
**(b) Eligibility and procedure** Any person or institution may apply to the Secretary for a grant or cooperative agreement available under this section. Application shall be made in such form and manner, and with such content and other submissions, as the Assistant Secretary shall prescribe. The Secretary shall act upon each such application within 90 days after the date on which all required information is received.
**(c) Terms and conditions**
(1) Any grant made, or cooperative agreement entered into, under this section shall be subject to the limitations and provisions set forth in paragraph (2) of this subsection, and to such other terms, conditions, and requirements as the Secretary deems necessary or appropriate.
(2) Any person who receives or utilizes any proceeds of any grant made or cooperative agreement entered into under this section shall keep such records as the Secretary shall by regulation prescribe as being necessary and appropriate to facilitate effective audit and evaluation, including records which fully disclose the amount and disposition by such recipient of such proceeds, the total cost of the program or project in connection with which such proceeds were used, and the amount, if any, of such costs which was provided through other sources.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 3706
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment and provisions** The National Science Foundation shall provide assistance for the establishment of Cooperative Research Centers. Such Centers shall be affiliated with a university, or other nonprofit institution, or a group thereof. The objective of the Centers is to enhance technological innovation as provided in [section 3705(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3705/a&num=0&edition=prelim) through the conduct of activities as provided in [section 3705(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3705/b&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(b) Planning grants** The National Science Foundation is authorized to make available nonrenewable planning grants to universities or nonprofit institutions for the purpose of developing the plan, as described under [section 3705(c)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3705/c/3&num=0&edition=prelim).
**(c) Terms and conditions** Grants, contracts, and cooperative agreements entered into by the National Science Foundation in execution of the powers and duties of the National Science Foundation under this chapter shall be governed by the National Science Foundation Act of 1950 [[42 U.S.C. 1861](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1861&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] and other pertinent Acts.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 3707
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)**
(1) There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the purposes of carrying out sections 3710(g) and 3711 of this title not to exceed $3,400,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988.
(2) Of the amount authorized under paragraph (1) of this subsection, $2,400,000 is authorized only for the Office of Productivity, Technology, and Innovation; and $500,000 is authorized only for the patent licensing activities of the National Technical Information Service.
**(b)** In addition to the authorization of appropriations provided under subsection (a) of this section, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the purposes of carrying out [section 3704a of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title15-section3704a&num=0&edition=prelim) not to exceed $500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1988, $1,000,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1989, and $1,500,000 for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1990.
**(c)** Such sums as may be appropriated under subsections (a) and (b) shall remain available until expended.
**(d)** To enable the National Science Foundation to carry out its powers and duties under this chapter only such sums may be appropriated as the Congress may authorize by law.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 15 U.S.C. § 3713
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2038
TITLE 15—COMMERCE AND TRADE
§ 3704b–1
riod beginning on the date of their establishment, un-
less, in the case of a board established by the President
or an officer of the Federal Government, such board is
renewed by appropriate action prior to the expiration
of such 2-year period, or in the case of a board estab-
lished by the Congress, its duration is otherwise pro-
vided by law. See sections 1001(2) and 1013 of Title 5,
Government Organization and Employees.
NATIONAL TECHNICAL INFORMATION SERVICE REVOLVING
FUND
Pub. L. 102–395, title II, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1853, pro-
vided that: ‘‘For establishment of a National Technical
Information Service Revolving Fund, $8,000,000 without
fiscal year limitation: Provided, That unexpended bal-
ances in Information Products and Services shall be
transferred to and merged with this account, to remain
available until expended. Notwithstanding 15 U.S.C.
1525 and 1526, all payments collected by the National
Technical Information Service in performing its activi-
ties authorized by chapters 23 and 63 of title 15 of the
United States Code shall be credited to this Revolving
Fund. Without further appropriations action, all ex-
penses incurred in performing the activities of the Na-
tional Technical Information Service, including mod-
ernization, capital equipment and inventory, shall be
paid from the fund. A business-type budget for the fund
shall be prepared in the manner prescribed by 31 U.S.C.
9103.’’
§ 3704b–1. Recovery of operating costs through
fee collections
Operating costs for the National Technical In-
formation Service associated with the acquisi-
tion, processing, storage, bibliographic control,
and archiving of information and documents
shall be recovered primarily through the collec-
tion
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 15 U.S.C. § 3705
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