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28 U.S.C. § 1343 — Civil rights and elective franchise
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action authorized by law to be commenced by any person:
(1) To recover damages for injury to his person or property, or because of the deprivation of any right or privilege of a citizen of the United States, by any act done in furtherance of any conspiracy mentioned in [section 1985 of Title 42](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1985&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) To recover damages from any person who fails to prevent or to aid in preventing any wrongs mentioned in [section 1985 of Title 42](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1985&num=0&edition=prelim) which he had knowledge were about to occur and power to prevent;
(3) To redress the deprivation, under color of any State law, statute, ordinance, regulation, custom or usage, of any right, privilege or immunity secured by the Constitution of the United States or by any Act of Congress providing for equal rights of citizens or of all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States;
(4) To recover damages or to secure equitable or other relief under any Act of Congress providing for the protection of civil rights, including the right to vote.
**(b)** For purposes of this section—
(1) the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a State; and
(2) any Act of Congress applicable exclusively to the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a statute of the District of Columbia.
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Stable record: federal_law:legal_authorities:record_usc_0599e9b5da91940e881c4a81
Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code/title-28/section-1343-civil-rights-and-elective-franchise--05e5235e44.md
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Source location: Title 28, Chapter 85, § 1343; chapter-085-district-courts-jurisdiction.md
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**(a)** The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action authorized by law to be commenced by any person:
(1) To recover damages for injury to his person or property, or because of the deprivation of any right or privilege of a citizen of the United States, by any act done in furtherance of any conspiracy mentioned in [section 1985 of Title 42](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1985&num=0&edition=prelim);
(2) To recover damages from any person who fails to prevent or to aid in preventing any wrongs mentioned in [section 1985 of Title 42](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1985&num=0&edition=prelim) which he had knowledge were about to occur and power to prevent;
(3) To redress the deprivation, under color of any State law, statute, ordinance, regulation, custom or usage, of any right, privilege or immunity secured by the Constitution of the United States or by any Act of Congress providing for equal rights of citizens or of all persons within the jurisdiction of the United States;
(4) To recover damages or to secure equitable or other relief under any Act of Congress providing for the protection of civil rights, including the right to vote.
**(b)** For purposes of this section—
(1) the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a State; and
(2) any Act of Congress applicable exclusively to the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a statute of the District of Columbia.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
(1) **Preventing officer from performing duties** — If two or more persons in any State or Territory conspire to prevent, by force, intimidation, or threat, any person from accepting or holding any office, trust, or place of confidence under the United States, or from discharging any duties thereof; or to induce by like means any officer of the United States to leave any State, district, or place, where his duties as an officer are required to be performed, or to injure him in his person or property on account of his lawful discharge of the duties of his office, or while engaged in the lawful discharge thereof, or to injure his property so as to molest, interrupt, hinder, or impede him in the discharge of his official duties;
(2) **Obstructing justice; intimidating party, witness, or juror** — If two or more persons in any State or Territory conspire to deter, by force, intimidation, or threat, any party or witness in any court of the United States from attending such court, or from testifying to any matter pending therein, freely, fully, and truthfully, or to injure such party or witness in his person or property on account of his having so attended or testified, or to influence the verdict, presentment, or indictment of any grand or petit juror in any such court, or to injure such juror in his person or property on account of any verdict, presentment, or indictment lawfully assented to by him, or of his being or having been such juror; or if two or more persons conspire for the purpose of impeding, hindering, obstructing, or defeating, in any manner, the due course of justice in any State or Territory, with intent to deny to any citizen the equal protection of the laws, or to injure him or his property for lawfully enforcing, or attempting to enforce, the right of an
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Every person who, under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State or Territory or the District of Columbia, subjects, or causes to be subjected, any citizen of the United States or other person within the jurisdiction thereof to the deprivation of any rights, privileges, or immunities secured by the Constitution and laws, shall be liable to the party injured in an action at law, suit in equity, or other proper proceeding for redress, except that in any action brought against a judicial officer for an act or omission taken in such officer’s judicial capacity, injunctive relief shall not be granted unless a declaratory decree was violated or declaratory relief was unavailable. For the purposes of this section, any Act of Congress applicable exclusively to the District of Columbia shall be considered to be a statute of the District of Columbia.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Referral of Actions to Arbitration.—** Notwithstanding any provision of law to the contrary and except as provided in subsections (a), (b), and (c) of section 652 and subsection (d) of this section, a district court may allow the referral to arbitration of any civil action (including any adversary proceeding in bankruptcy) pending before it when the parties consent, except that referral to arbitration may not be made where—
(1) the action is based on an alleged violation of a right secured by the Constitution of the United States;
(2) jurisdiction is based in whole or in part on [section 1343 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title28-section1343&num=0&edition=prelim); or
(3) the relief sought consists of money damages in an amount greater than $150,000.
**(b) Safeguards in Consent Cases.—** Until such time as rules are adopted under chapter 131 of this title relating to procedures described in this subsection, the district court shall, by local rule adopted under section 2071(a), establish procedures to ensure that any civil action in which arbitration by consent is allowed under subsection (a)—
(1) consent to arbitration is freely and knowingly obtained; and
(2) no party or attorney is prejudiced for refusing to participate in arbitration.
**(c) Presumptions.—** For purposes of subsection (a)(3), a district court may presume damages are not in excess of $150,000 unless counsel certifies that damages exceed such amount.
**(d) Existing Programs.—** Nothing in this chapter is deemed to affect any program in which arbitration is conducted pursuant to section 11 So in original. The word “section” probably should not appear. title IX of the Judicial Improvements and Access to Justice Act (Public Law 100–702), as amended
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 373
TITLE 28—JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE
§ 1344
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1980 AMENDMENT
Amendment by Pub. L. 96–417 effective Nov. 1, 1980,
and applicable with respect to civil actions pending on
or commenced on or after such date, see section 701(a)
of Pub. L. 96–417, set out as a note under section 251 of
this title.
§ 1341. Taxes by States
The district courts shall not enjoin, suspend or
restrain the assessment, levy or collection of
any tax under State law where a plain, speedy
and efficient remedy may be had in the courts of
such State.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 932.)
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES
Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 41(1) (Mar. 3, 1911,
ch. 231, § 24, par. 1, 36 Stat. 1091; May 14, 1934, ch. 283, § 1,
48 Stat. 775; Aug. 21, 1937, ch. 726, § 1, 50 Stat. 738; Apr.
20, 1940, ch. 117, 54 Stat. 143).
This section restates the last sentence of section 41(1)
of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed.
Other provisions of section 41(1) of title 28, U.S.C.,
1940 ed., are incorporated in sections 1331, 1332, 1342,
1345, 1354, and 1359 of this title.
Words ‘‘at law or in equity’’ before ‘‘in the courts of
such State’’ were omitted as unnecessary.
Words ‘‘civil action’’ were substituted for ‘‘suit’’ in
view of Rule 2 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
Words ‘‘under State law’’ were substituted for ‘‘im-
posed by or pursuant to the laws of any State’’ for the
same reason.
§ 1342. Rate orders of State agencies
The district courts shall not enjoin, suspend or
restrain the operation of, or compliance with,
any order affecting rates chargeable by a public
utility and made by a State administrative
agency or a rate-making body of a State polit-
ical subdivision, where:
(1) Jurisdictio
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