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42 U.S.C. § 701 — Authorization of appropriations; purposes; definitions
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a)** To improve the health of all mothers and children consistent with the applicable health status goals and national health objectives established by the Secretary under the Public Health Service Act [[42 U.S.C. 201](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section201&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] for the year 2000, there are authorized to be appropriated $850,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and each fiscal year thereafter—
(1) for the purpose of enabling each State—
(A) to provide and to assure mothers and children (in particular those with low income or with limited availability of health services) access to quality maternal and child health services;
(B) to reduce infant mortality and the incidence of preventable diseases and handicapping conditions among children, to reduce the incidence of stillbirth, to reduce the need for inpatient and long-term care services, to increase the number of children (especially preschool children) appropriately immunized against disease and the number of low income children receiving health assessments and follow-up diagnostic and treatment services, and otherwise to promote the health of mothers and infants by providing prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care for low income, at-risk pregnant women, and to promote the health of children by providing preventive and primary care services for low income children;
(C) to provide rehabilitation services for blind and disabled individuals under the age of 16 receiving benefits under subchapter XVI, to the extent medical assistance for such services is not provided under subchapter XIX; and
(D) to provide and to promote family-centered, community-based, coordinated care (including care coordination services, as defined in subsection (b)(3)) for chi
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**(a)** To improve the health of all mothers and children consistent with the applicable health status goals and national health objectives established by the Secretary under the Public Health Service Act [[42 U.S.C. 201](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section201&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.] for the year 2000, there are authorized to be appropriated $850,000,000 for fiscal year 2001 and each fiscal year thereafter—
(1) for the purpose of enabling each State—
(A) to provide and to assure mothers and children (in particular those with low income or with limited availability of health services) access to quality maternal and child health services;
(B) to reduce infant mortality and the incidence of preventable diseases and handicapping conditions among children, to reduce the incidence of stillbirth, to reduce the need for inpatient and long-term care services, to increase the number of children (especially preschool children) appropriately immunized against disease and the number of low income children receiving health assessments and follow-up diagnostic and treatment services, and otherwise to promote the health of mothers and infants by providing prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care for low income, at-risk pregnant women, and to promote the health of children by providing preventive and primary care services for low income children;
(C) to provide rehabilitation services for blind and disabled individuals under the age of 16 receiving benefits under subchapter XVI, to the extent medical assistance for such services is not provided under subchapter XIX; and
(D) to provide and to promote family-centered, community-based, coordinated care (including care coordination services, as defined in subsection (b)(3)) for children with special health care needs and to facilitate the development of community-based systems of services for such children and their families;
(2) for the purpose of enabling the Secretary (through grants, contracts, or otherwise) to provide for special projects of regional and national significance, research, and training with respect to maternal and child health and children with special health care needs (including early intervention training and services development), for genetic disease testing, counseling, and information development and dissemination programs, for grants (including funding for comprehensive hemophilia diagnostic treatment centers) relating to hemophilia without regard to age, and for the screening of newborns for sickle cell anemia, and other genetic disorders and follow-up services, and for evidence-based programs and activities and outcome research to reduce the incidence of stillbirth (including tracking and awareness of fetal movements, improvement of birth timing for pregnancies with risk factors, initiatives that encourage safe sleeping positions during pregnancy, screening and surveillance for fetal growth restriction, efforts to achieve smoking cessation during pregnancy, community-based programs that provide home visits or other types of support, and any other research or evidence-based programming to prevent stillbirths); and
(3) subject to [section 702(b) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section702/b&num=0&edition=prelim) for the purpose of enabling the Secretary (through grants, contracts, or otherwise) to provide for developing and expanding the following—
(A) maternal and infant health home visiting programs in which case management services as defined in subparagraphs (A) and (B) of subsection (b)(4), health education services, and related social support services are provided in the home to pregnant women or families with an infant up to the age one by an appropriate health professional or by a qualified nonprofessional acting under the supervision of a health care professional,
(B) projects designed to increase the participation of obstetricians and pediatricians under the program under this subchapter and under state 11 So in original. Probably should be capitalized. plans approved under subchapter XIX,
(C) integrated maternal and child health service delivery systems (of the type described in section 1320b–6 22 See References in Text note below. of this title and using, once developed, the model application form developed under section 6506(a) of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989),
(D) maternal and child health centers which (i) provide prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care for pregnant women and preventive and primary care services for infants up to age one, and (ii) operate under the direction of a not-for-profit hospital,
(E) maternal and child health projects to serve rural populations, and
(F) outpatient and community based services programs (including day care services) for children with special health care needs whose medical services are provided primarily through inpatient institutional care.
Funds appropriated under this section may only be used in a manner consistent with the Assisted Suicide Funding Restriction Act of 1997 [[42 U.S.C. 14401](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section14401&num=0&edition=prelim) et seq.].
**(b)** For purposes of this subchapter:
(1) The term “consolidated health programs” means the programs administered under the provisions of—
(A) this subchapter (relating to maternal and child health and services for children with special health care needs),
(B) [section 1382d(c) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1382d/c&num=0&edition=prelim) (relating to supplemental security income for disabled children),
(C) sections 247a of this title (relating to lead-based paint poisoning prevention programs), 300b of this title (relating to genetic disease programs), 300c–11 of this title (relating to sudden infant death syndrome programs) and 300c–21 of this title (relating to hemophilia treatment centers), and
(D) title VI of the Health Services and Centers Amendments of 1978 (Public Law 95–626; relating to adolescent pregnancy grants),
as such provisions were in effect before August 13, 1981.
(2) The term “low income” means, with respect to an individual or family, such an individual or family with an income determined to be below the income official poverty line defined by the Office of Management and Budget and revised annually in accordance with [section 9902(2) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section9902/2&num=0&edition=prelim).
(3) The term “care coordination services” means services to promote the effective and efficient organization and utilization of resources to assure access to necessary comprehensive services for children with special health care needs and their families.
(4) The term “case management services” means—
(A) with respect to pregnant women, services to assure access to quality prenatal, delivery, and postpartum care; and
(B) with respect to infants up to age one, services to assure access to quality preventive and primary care services.
**(c)**
(1)
(A) For the purpose of enabling the Secretary (through grants, contracts, or otherwise) to provide for special projects of regional and national significance for the development and support of family-to-family health information centers described in paragraph (2), there is appropriated to the Secretary, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated—
(i) $3,000,000 for fiscal year 2007;
(ii) $4,000,000 for fiscal year 2008;
(iii) $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2009 through 2013;
(iv) $2,500,000 for the portion of fiscal year 2014 before April 1, 2014;
(v) $2,500,000 for the portion of fiscal year 2014 on or after April 1, 2014;
(vi) $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2015 through 2017;
(vii) $6,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2024;
(viii) $6,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and
(ix) for the period beginning on October 1, 2025, and ending on January 30, 2026, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for fiscal year 2025.
(B) Funds appropriated or authorized to be appropriated under subparagraph (A) shall—
(i) be in addition to amounts appropriated under subsection (a) and retained under [section 702(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section702/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim) for the purpose of carrying out activities described in subsection (a)(2); and
(ii) remain available until expended.
(2) The family-to-family health information centers described in this paragraph are centers that—
(A) assist families of children with disabilities or special health care needs to make informed choices about health care in order to promote good treatment decisions, cost-effectiveness, and improved health outcomes for such children;
(B) provide information regarding the health care needs of, and resources available for, such children;
(C) identify successful health delivery models for such children;
(D) develop with representatives of health care providers, managed care organizations, health care purchasers, and appropriate State agencies, a model for collaboration between families of such children and health professionals;
(E) provide training and guidance regarding caring for such children;
(F) conduct outreach activities to the families of such children, health professionals, schools, and other appropriate entities and individuals; and
(G) are staffed—
(i) by such families who have expertise in Federal and State public and private health care systems; and
(ii) by health professionals.
(3) The Secretary shall develop family-to-family health information centers described in paragraph (2) in accordance with the following:
(A) With respect to fiscal year 2007, such centers shall be developed in not less than 25 States.
(B) With respect to fiscal year 2008, such centers shall be developed in not less than 40 States.
(C) With respect to fiscal year 2009 and each fiscal year thereafter, such centers shall be developed in all States, and with respect to fiscal year 2018 and each fiscal year thereafter, such centers shall also be developed in all territories and at least one such center shall be developed for Indian tribes.
(4) The provisions of this subchapter that are applicable to the funds made available to the Secretary under [section 702(a)(1) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section702/a/1&num=0&edition=prelim) apply in the same manner to funds made available to the Secretary under paragraph (1)(A).
(5) For purposes of this subsection—
(A) the term “Indian tribe” has the meaning given such term in [section 1603 of title 25](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title25-section1603&num=0&edition=prelim);
(B) the term “State” means each of the 50 States and the District of Columbia; and
(C) the term “territory” means Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the Virgin Islands, and the Northern Mariana Islands.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Annual reporting requirements; form, etc.**
(1) Each State shall prepare and submit to the Secretary annual reports on its activities under this subchapter. Each such report shall be prepared by, or in consultation with, the State maternal and child health agency. In order properly to evaluate and to compare the performance of different States assisted under this subchapter and to assure the proper expenditure of funds under this subchapter, such reports shall be in such standardized form and contain such information (including information described in paragraph (2)) as the Secretary determines (after consultation with the States) to be necessary (A) to secure an accurate description of those activities, (B) to secure a complete record of the purposes for which funds were spent, of the recipients of such funds,,11 So in original. (C) to describe the extent to which the State has met the goals and objectives it set forth under [section 705(a)(2)(B)(i) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section705/a/2/B/i&num=0&edition=prelim) and the national health objectives referred to in [section 701(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section701/a&num=0&edition=prelim), and (D) to determine the extent to which funds were expended consistent with the State’s application transmitted under [section 705(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section705/a&num=0&edition=prelim). Copies of the report shall be provided, upon request, to any interested public agency, and each such agency may provide its views on these reports to the Congress.
(2) Each annual report under paragraph (1) shall include the following information:
(A)
(
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) “Health center” defined**
(1) **In general** — For purposes of this section, the term “health center” means an entity that serves a population that is medically underserved, or a special medically underserved population comprised of migratory and seasonal agricultural workers, the homeless, and residents of public housing, by providing, either through the staff and supporting resources of the center or through contracts or cooperative arrangements—
(A) required primary health services (as defined in subsection (b)(1)); and
(B) as may be appropriate for particular centers, additional health services (as defined in subsection (b)(2)) necessary for the adequate support of the primary health services required under subparagraph (A);
for all residents of the area served by the center (hereafter referred to in this section as the “catchment area”).
(2) **Limitation** — The requirement in paragraph (1) to provide services for all residents within a catchment area shall not apply in the case of a health center receiving a grant only under subsection (g), (h), or (i).
**(b) Definitions** For purposes of this section:
(1) **Required primary health services**
(A) *In general* — The term “required primary health services” means—
(i) basic health services which, for purposes of this section, shall consist of—
(I) health services related to family medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics, or gynecology that are furnished by physicians and where appropriate, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, and nurse midwives;
(II) diagnostic laboratory and radiologic services;
(III) preventive health services, including—
(aa) prenatal and perinatal services;
(bb) appropriate cancer screening;
(cc) well-chil
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Congressional findings and declaration of purpose** Congress finds that substantial numbers of pregnant, postpartum, and breastfeeding women, infants, and young children from families with inadequate income are at special risk with respect to their physical and mental health by reason of inadequate nutrition or health care, or both. It is, therefore, the purpose of the program authorized by this section to provide, up to the authorization levels set forth in subsection (g) of this section, supplemental foods and nutrition education, including breastfeeding promotion and support, through any eligible local agency that applies for participation in the program. The program shall serve as an adjunct to good health care, during critical times of growth and development, to prevent the occurrence of health problems, including drug abuse, and improve the health status of these persons.
**(b) Definitions** As used in this section—
(1) “Breastfeeding women” means women up to one year postpartum who are breastfeeding their infants.
(2) “Children” means persons who have had their first birthday but have not yet attained their fifth birthday.
(3) “Competent professional authority” means physicians, nutritionists, registered nurses, dietitians, or State or local medically trained health officials, or persons designated by physicians or State or local medically trained health officials, in accordance with standards prescribed by the Secretary, as being competent professionally to evaluate nutritional risk.
(4) “Costs of nutrition services and administration” or “nutrition services and administration” means costs that shall include, but not be limited to, costs for certification of eligibility of persons for participation in the program (including centrifuges, measuring boar
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) In general** The Secretary may award grants to eligible entities to assist in the development of integrated health care delivery systems to serve communities of individuals who are uninsured and individuals who are underinsured—
(1) to improve the efficiency of, and coordination among, the providers providing services through such systems;
(2) to assist communities in developing programs targeted toward preventing and managing chronic diseases; and
(3) to expand and enhance the services provided through such systems.
**(b) Eligible entities** To be eligible to receive a grant under this section, an entity shall be an entity that—
(1) represents a consortium—
(A) whose principal purpose is to provide a broad range of coordinated health care services for a community defined in the entity’s grant application as described in paragraph (2); and
(B) that includes at least one of each of the following providers that serve the community (unless such provider does not exist within the community, declines or refuses to participate, or places unreasonable conditions on their participation)—
(i) a Federally qualified health center (as defined in [section 1395x(aa) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1395x/aa&num=0&edition=prelim));
(ii) a hospital with a low-income utilization rate (as defined in [section 1396r–4(b)(3) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1396r–4/b/3&num=0&edition=prelim)), that is greater than 25 percent;
(iii) a public health department; and
(iv) an interested public or private sector health care provider or an organization that has traditionally served the medically uninsured and underserved; and
(2) submits to the Se
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purposes** The purposes of this section are—
(1) to strengthen and improve the programs and activities carried out under this subchapter;
(2) to improve coordination of services for at risk communities; and
(3) to identify and provide comprehensive services to improve outcomes for families who reside in at risk communities.
**(b) Requirement for all States to assess statewide needs and identify at risk communities**
(1) **In general** — Each State shall, as a condition of receiving payments from an allotment for the State under [section 702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section702&num=0&edition=prelim), conduct a statewide needs assessment (which may be separate from but in coordination with the statewide needs assessment required under [section 705(a) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section705/a&num=0&edition=prelim) and which shall be reviewed and updated by the State not later than October 1, 2020) that identifies—
(A) communities with concentrations of—
(i) premature birth, low-birth weight infants, and infant mortality, including infant death due to neglect, or other indicators of at-risk prenatal, maternal, newborn, or child health;
(ii) poverty;
(iii) crime;
(iv) domestic violence;
(v) high rates of high-school drop-outs;
(vi) substance abuse;
(vii) unemployment; or
(viii) child maltreatment;
(B) the quality and capacity of existing programs or initiatives for early childhood home visitation in the State including—
(i) the number and types of individuals and families who are receiving services under such programs or initiatives;
(ii) the gaps in early childhood home visitation in the State; an
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Purposes** The purposes of this section are—
(1) to provide access to traditional foods in food service programs;
(2) to encourage increased consumption of traditional foods to decrease health disparities among Indians, particularly Alaska Natives; and
(3) to provide alternative food options for food service programs.
**(b) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Alaska Native** — The term “Alaska Native” means a person who is a member of any Native village, Village Corporation, or Regional Corporation (as those terms are defined in [section 1602 of title 43](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title43-section1602&num=0&edition=prelim)).
(2) **Commissioner** — The term “Commissioner” means the Commissioner of Food and Drugs.
(3) **Food service program** — The term “food service program” includes—
(A) food service at residential child care facilities that have a license from an appropriate State agency;
(B) any child nutrition program (as that term is defined in [section 1769f(b) of title 42](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section1769f/b&num=0&edition=prelim));
(C) food service at hospitals, clinics, and long-term care facilities; and
(D) senior meal programs.
(4) **Indian; Indian tribe** — The terms “Indian” and “Indian tribe” have the meanings given those terms in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act ([25 U.S.C. 450b](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title25-section450b&num=0&edition=prelim)).11 See References in Text note below.
(5) **Traditional food**
(A) *In general* — The term “traditional food” means food that has traditionally been prepared and consumed by an Indian tribe.
(B) *Inclusions* — The term “traditi
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It is the purpose of this subchapter to promote the school readiness of low-income children by enhancing their cognitive, social, and emotional development—
(1) in a learning environment that supports children’s growth in language, literacy, mathematics, science, social and emotional functioning, creative arts, physical skills, and approaches to learning; and
(2) through the provision to low-income children and their families of health, educational, nutritional, social, and other services that are determined, based on family needs assessments, to be necessary.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Establishment** There is hereby established the Medicaid and CHIP Payment and Access Commission (in this section referred to as “MACPAC”).
**(b) Duties**
(1) **Review of access policies for all States and annual reports** — MACPAC shall—
(A) review policies of the Medicaid program established under this subchapter (in this section referred to as “Medicaid”) and the State Children’s Health Insurance Program established under subchapter XXI (in this section referred to as “CHIP”) affecting access to covered items and services, including topics described in paragraph (2);
(B) make recommendations to Congress, the Secretary, and States concerning such access policies;
(C) by not later than March 15 of each year (beginning with 2010), submit a report to Congress containing the results of such reviews and MACPAC’s recommendations concerning such policies; and
(D) by not later than June 15 of each year (beginning with 2010), submit a report to Congress containing an examination of issues affecting Medicaid and CHIP, including the implications of changes in health care delivery in the United States and in the market for health care services on such programs.
(2) **Specific topics to be reviewed** — Specifically, MACPAC shall review and assess the following:
(A) *Medicaid and CHIP payment policies* — Payment policies under Medicaid and CHIP, including—
(i) the factors affecting expenditures for the efficient provision of items and services in different sectors, including the process for updating payments to medical, dental, and health professionals, hospitals, residential and long-term care providers, providers of home and community based services, Federally-qualified health centers and rural health clinics, managed care entities, and providers of ot
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Exclusions from resources** In determining the resources of an individual (and his eligible spouse, if any) there shall be excluded—
(1) the home (including the land that appertains thereto);
(2)
(A) household goods, personal effects, and an automobile, to the extent that their total value does not exceed such amount as the Commissioner of Social Security determines to be reasonable; and
(B) the value of any burial space or agreement (including any interest accumulated thereon) representing the purchase of a burial space (subject to such limits as to size or value as the Commissioner of Social Security may by regulation prescribe) held for the purpose of providing a place for the burial of the individual, his spouse, or any other member of his immediate family;
(3) other property which is so essential to the means of self-support of such individual (and such spouse) as to warrant its exclusion, as determined in accordance with and subject to limitations prescribed by the Commissioner of Social Security, except that the Commissioner of Social Security shall not establish a limitation on property (including the tools of a tradesperson and the machinery and livestock of a farmer) that is used in a trade or business or by such individual as an employee;
(4) such resources of an individual who is blind or disabled and who has a plan for achieving self-support approved by the Commissioner of Social Security, as may be necessary for the fulfillment of such plan;
(5) in the case of Natives of Alaska, shares of stock held in a Regional or a Village Corporation, during the period of twenty years in which such stock is inalienable, as provided in section 1606(h) and [section 1607(c) of title 43](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title43-
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
### Statutory Notes
Section, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title XI, § 1101, as added Apr. 22, 1976, Pub. L. 94–278, title IV, § 403(a), 90 Stat. 407; amended Nov. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95–626, title II, § 205(b), (d)(2), (e), 92 Stat. 3583, 3584; Pub. L. 96–88, title V, § 509(b), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 695; Aug. 13, 1981, Pub. L. 97–35, title XXI, § 2193(a)(1)(B), 95 Stat. 826; Jan. 4, 1983, Pub. L. 97–414, § 8(o), 96 Stat. 2061, related to testing, counseling, information and education programs.
A prior section 300b, act July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title XI, § 1101, as added May 16, 1972, Pub. L. 92–294, § 3(c), 86 Stat. 137; amended Aug. 29, 1972, Pub. L. 92–414, § 4(2), 86 Stat. 652, authorized Secretary to make grants and enter contracts with public and nonprofit private entities with respect to establishment of voluntary sickle cell anemia screening and counseling programs and to develop and disseminate informational and educational materials relating to sickle cell anemia, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 94–278, title IV, § 403(a), Apr. 22, 1976, 90 Stat. 407.
#### Effective Date of 1981 Amendment and Repeal, Savings, and Transitional Provisions
For effective date, savings, and transitional provisions relating to the amendment and repeal of this section by Pub. L. 97–35, see section 2194 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under [section 701 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title42-section701&num=0&edition=prelim).
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