42 U.S.C. § 710 — Sexual risk avoidance education

Page 2445 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 710 1 So in original. The word ‘‘and’’ probably should not appear. 2 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘comply with’’. (6) assisting in the preparation of reports to the Congress on the activities funded and ac- complishments achieved under this subchapter from the information required to be reported by the States under sections 705(a) and 706 of this title; and 1 (7) assisting States in the development of care coordination services (as defined in sec- tion 701(b)(3) of this title); and (8) developing and making available to the State agency (or agencies) administering the State’s program under this subchapter a na- tional directory listing by State the toll-free numbers described in section 705(a)(5)(E) of this title. (b) The State health agency of each State shall be responsible for the administration (or supervision of the administration) of programs carried out with allotments made to the State under this subchapter, except that, in the case of a State which on July 1, 1967, provided for ad- ministration (or supervision thereof) of the State plan under this subchapter (as in effect on such date) by a State agency other than the State health agency, that State shall be consid- ered to comply 2 the requirement of this sub- section if it would otherwise comply but for the fact that such other State agency administers (or supervises the administration of) any such program providing services for children with special health care needs. (Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title V, § 509, as added Pub. L. 97–35, title XXI, § 2192(a), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 825; amended Pub. L. 99–272, title IX, § 9527(e), Apr. 7, 1986, 100 Stat. 219; Pub. L. 101–239, title VI, §§ 6503(c)(4), 6505, Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2278, 2281.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 709, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title V, § 509, as added Jan. 2, 1968, Pub. L. 90–248, title III, § 301, 81 Stat. 926; amended July 10, 1972, Pub. L. 92–345, § 2(e), 86 Stat. 457; Oct. 30, 1972, Pub. L. 92–603, title II, §§ 221(c)(3), 233(e), 86 Stat. 1389, 1412; July 1, 1973, Pub. L. 93–53, § 4(a)(7), 87 Stat. 135, related to special project grants for health of school and preschool children, prior to the general revision of this subchapter by section 2192(a) of Pub. L. 97–35. For effective date, savings, and transitional provisions, see section 2194 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 701 of this title. Provisions similar to those comprising former sec- tion 709, were contained in section 532 of act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title V, as added July 30, 1965, Pub. L. 89–97, title II, § 205(3), 79 Stat. 354 (formerly classified to section 729–1 of this title), prior to the general amend- ment and renumbering of title V of act Aug. 14, 1935, by Pub. L. 90–248, § 301. AMENDMENTS 1989—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6505(1), inserted before semicolon at end ‘‘and in developing consistent and accurate data collection mechanisms in order to report the information required under section 706(a)(2) of this title’’. Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6503(c)(4), substituted ‘‘705(a)’’ for ‘‘705’’. Subsec. (a)(7), (8). Pub. L. 101–239, § 6505(2)–(4), added pars. (7) and (8). 1986—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 99–272 substituted ‘‘children with special health care needs’’ for ‘‘crippled children’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1989 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 6503(c)(4) of Pub. L. 101–239 ap- plicable to payments for allotments for fiscal years be- ginning with fiscal year 1991, and amendment by sec- tion 6505 of Pub. L. 101–239 applicable to appropriations for fiscal years beginning with fiscal year 1990, see sec- tion 6510(a), (b)(1) of Pub. L. 101–239, set out as a note under section 701 of this title. REPORT TO CONGRESS; EVALUATION OF PROGRAM Pub. L. 89–97, title II, § 206, July 30, 1965, 79 Stat. 354, authorized Secretary to submit to President for trans- mission to Congress before July 1, 1969, a full report of administration of provisions of section 729–1 of this title, which was covered by former sections 701, 702(1)(B), and 709 of this title, together with an evalua- tion of program established thereby and his rec- ommendations as to continuation of and modifications in that program. § 710. Sexual risk avoidance education (a) In general (1) Allotments to States For the purpose described in subsection (b), the Secretary shall, for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023, for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on November 17, 2023, for the period beginning on November 18, 2023, and ending on January 19, 2024, for the pe- riod beginning on January 20, 2024, and ending on March 8, 2024, for the period beginning on March 9, 2024, and ending on September 30, 2024, and for the period beginning on October 1, 2024, and ending on March 31, 2025, allot to each State which has transmitted an applica- tion for the fiscal year (or, with respect to the applicable period, for fiscal year 2024 or 2025) under section 705(a) of this title an amount equal to the product of— (A) the amount appropriated pursuant to subsection (f)(1) for the fiscal year or period, minus the amount reserved under subsection (f)(2) for the fiscal year or period; and (B) the proportion that the number of low- income children in the State bears to the total of such numbers of children for all the States. (2) Other allotments (A) Other entities For the purpose described in subsection (b), the Secretary shall, for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023 and with respect to fiscal year 2024 or 2025, for the applicable pe- riod described in paragraph (1), for any State which has not transmitted an application for the fiscal year under section 705(a) of this title, allot to one or more entities in the State the amount that would have been al- lotted to the State under paragraph (1) if the State had submitted such an application. (B) Process The Secretary shall select the recipients of allotments under subparagraph (A) by means of a competitive grant process under which— (i) not later than 30 days after the dead- line for the State involved to submit an Page 2446 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 710 application for the fiscal year (or, with re- spect to fiscal year 2024 or 2025, for the ap- plicable period described in paragraph (1)) under section 705(a) of this title, the Sec- retary publishes a notice soliciting grant applications; and (ii) not later than 120 days after such deadline, all such applications must be submitted. (b) Purpose (1) In general Except for research under paragraph (5) and information collection and reporting under paragraph (6), the purpose of an allotment under subsection (a) to a State (or to another entity in the State pursuant to subsection (a)(2)) is to enable the State or other entity to implement education exclusively on sexual risk avoidance (meaning voluntarily refrain- ing from sexual activity). (2) Required components Education on sexual risk avoidance pursuant to an allotment under this section shall— (A) ensure that the unambiguous and pri- mary emphasis and context for each topic described in paragraph (3) is a message to youth that normalizes the optimal health behavior of avoiding nonmarital sexual ac- tivity; (B) be medically accurate and complete; (C) be age-appropriate; (D) be based on adolescent learning and de- velopmental theories for the age group re- ceiving the education; and (E) be culturally appropriate, recognizing the experiences of youth from diverse com- munities, backgrounds, and experiences. (3) Topics Education on sexual risk avoidance pursuant to an allotment under this section shall ad- dress each of the following topics: (A) The holistic individual and societal benefits associated with personal responsi- bility, self-regulation, goal setting, healthy decisionmaking, and a focus on the future. (B) The advantage of refraining from non- marital sexual activity in order to improve the future prospects and physical and emo- tional health of youth. (C) The increased likelihood of avoiding poverty when youth attain self-sufficiency and emotional maturity before engaging in sexual activity. (D) The foundational components of healthy relationships and their impact on the formation of healthy marriages and safe and stable families. (E) How other youth risk behaviors, such as drug and alcohol usage, increase the risk for teen sex. (F) How to resist and avoid, and receive help regarding, sexual coercion and dating violence, recognizing that even with consent teen sex remains a youth risk behavior. (4) Contraception Education on sexual risk avoidance pursuant to an allotment under this section shall ensure that— (A) any information provided on contra- ception is medically accurate and complete and ensures that students understand that contraception offers physical risk reduction, but not risk elimination; and (B) the education does not include dem- onstrations, simulations, or distribution of contraceptive devices. (5) Research (A) In general A State or other entity receiving an allot- ment pursuant to subsection (a) may use up to 20 percent of such allotment to build the evidence base for sexual risk avoidance edu- cation by conducting or supporting research. (B) Requirements Any research conducted or supported pur- suant to subparagraph (A) shall be— (i) rigorous; (ii) evidence-based; and (iii) designed and conducted by inde- pendent researchers who have experience in conducting and publishing research in peer-reviewed outlets. (6) Information collection and reporting A State or other entity receiving an allot- ment pursuant to subsection (a) shall, as spec- ified by the Secretary— (A) collect information on the programs and activities funded through the allotment; and (B) submit reports to the Secretary on the data from such programs and activities. (c) National evaluation (1) In general The Secretary shall— (A) in consultation with appropriate State and local agencies, conduct one or more rig- orous evaluations of the education funded through this section and associated data; and (B) submit a report to the Congress on the results of such evaluations, together with a summary of the information collected pursu- ant to subsection (b)(6). (2) Consultation In conducting the evaluations required by paragraph (1), including the establishment of rigorous evaluation methodologies, the Sec- retary shall consult with relevant stake- holders and evaluation experts. (d) Applicability of certain provisions (1) Sections 703, 707, and 708 of this title apply to allotments under subsection (a) to the same extent and in the same manner as such sections apply to allotments under section 702(c) of this title, except that section 703(a) of this title shall be applied by substituting ‘‘the total of the sums’’ for ‘‘four-sevenths of the total of the sums’’. (2) Sections 705 and 706 of this title apply to al- lotments under subsection (a) to the extent de- termined by the Secretary to be appropriate. (e) Definitions In this section: (1) The term ‘‘age-appropriate’’ means suit- able (in terms of topics, messages, and teach- Page 2447 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 710 ing methods) to the developmental and social maturity of the particular age or age group of children or adolescents, based on developing cognitive, emotional, and behavioral capacity typical for the age or age group. (2) The term ‘‘medically accurate and com- plete’’ means verified or supported by the weight of research conducted in compliance with accepted scientific methods and— (A) published in peer-reviewed journals, where applicable; or (B) comprising information that leading professional organizations and agencies with relevant expertise in the field recognize as accurate, objective, and complete. (3) The term ‘‘rigorous’’, with respect to re- search or evaluation, means using— (A) established scientific methods for measuring the impact of an intervention or program model in changing behavior (spe- cifically sexual activity or other sexual risk behaviors), or reducing pregnancy, among youth; or (B) other evidence-based methodologies es- tablished by the Secretary for purposes of this section. (4) The term ‘‘youth’’ refers to one or more individuals who have attained age 10 but not age 20. (f) Funding (1) In general To carry out this section, there is appro- priated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $75,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2018 through 2023, for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on November 17, 2023, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023, for the period beginning on November 18, 2023, and ending on January 19, 2024, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023, for the period beginning on January 20, 2024, and ending on March 8, 2024, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding pe- riod for fiscal year 2023, for the period begin- ning on March 9, 2024, and ending on Sep- tember 30, 2024, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023, and for the period beginning on October 1, 2024, and ending on March 31, 2025, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appro- priated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2024. (2) Reservation The Secretary shall reserve, for each of fis- cal years 2018 through 2023, and for the appli- cable period described in paragraph (1), not more than 20 percent of the amount appro- priated pursuant to paragraph (1) for admin- istering the program under this section, in- cluding the conducting of national evaluations and the provision of technical assistance to the recipients of allotments. (Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title V, § 510, as added Pub. L. 104–193, title IX, § 912, Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2353; amended Pub. L. 108–40, § 6, June 30, 2003, 117 Stat. 837; Pub. L. 111–148, title II, § 2954, Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 352; Pub. L. 113–93, title II, § 205, Apr. 1, 2014, 128 Stat. 1046; Pub. L. 114–10, title II, § 214(a), Apr. 16, 2015, 129 Stat. 152; Pub. L. 115–123, div. E, title V, § 50502(a), Feb. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 224; Pub. L. 115–141, div. S, title VII, § 701, Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1138; Pub. L. 116–59, div. B, title II, § 1201, Sept. 27, 2019, 133 Stat. 1103; Pub. L. 116–69, div. B, title II, § 1201, Nov. 21, 2019, 133 Stat. 1137; Pub. L. 116–94, div. N, title I, § 303, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3112; Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title III, § 3821, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 432; Pub. L. 116–159, div. C, title I, § 2104, Oct. 1, 2020, 134 Stat. 729; Pub. L. 116–215, div. B, title II, § 1203(a), Dec. 11, 2020, 134 Stat. 1045; Pub. L. 116–260, div. CC, title III, § 303, Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 2993; Pub. L. 118–15, div. B, title III, § 2352, Sept. 30, 2023, 137 Stat. 96; Pub. L. 118–22, div. B, title II, § 402, Nov. 17, 2023, 137 Stat. 121; Pub. L. 118–35, div. B, title I, § 142, Jan. 19, 2024, 138 Stat. 6; Pub. L. 118–42, div. G, title I, § 403, Mar. 9, 2024, 138 Stat. 418; Pub. L. 118–158, div. C, title III, § 3301, Dec. 21, 2024, 138 Stat. 1767.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 710, act Aug. 14, 1935, ch. 531, title V, § 510, as added Jan. 2, 1968, Pub. L. 90–248, title III, § 301, 81 Stat. 927; amended July 10, 1972, Pub. L. 92–345, § 2(f), 86 Stat. 457; July 1, 1973, Pub. L. 93–53, § 4(a)(8), 87 Stat. 136, provided for special project grants for dental health of children, prior to the general revision of this sub- chapter by Pub. L. 97–35, title XXI, § 2192(a), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 818. For effective date, savings, and tran- sitional provisions, see section 2194 of Pub. L. 97–35, set out as a note under section 701 of this title. AMENDMENTS 2024—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 118–158, § 3301(1), sub- stituted ‘‘March 31, 2025’’ for ‘‘December 31, 2024’’ in in- troductory provisions. Pub. L. 118–42, § 403(1)(A), in introductory provisions, struck out ‘‘and’’ after ‘‘January 19, 2024,’’ and inserted ‘‘for the period beginning on March 9, 2024, and ending on September 30, 2024, and for the period beginning on October 1, 2024, and ending on December 31, 2024,’’ after ‘‘March 8, 2024,’’ and ‘‘or 2025’’ after ‘‘for fiscal year 2024’’. Pub. L. 118–35, § 142(1), in introductory provisions, struck out ‘‘and’’ after ‘‘November 17, 2023,’’ and in- serted ‘‘and for the period beginning on January 20, 2024, and ending on March 8, 2024,’’ after ‘‘January 19, 2024,’’. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 118–42, § 403(1)(B), inserted ‘‘or 2025’’ after ‘‘with respect to fiscal year 2024’’ in subpars. (A) and (B)(i). Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 118–158, § 3301(2), substituted ‘‘March 31, 2025’’ for ‘‘December 31, 2024’’. Pub. L. 118–42, § 403(2), struck out ‘‘and’’ before ‘‘for the period beginning on January 20, 2024,’’ and sub- stituted ‘‘, for the period beginning on March 9, 2024, and ending on September 30, 2024, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023, and for the pe- riod beginning on October 1, 2024, and ending on Decem- ber 31, 2024, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2024.’’ for period at end. Pub. L. 118–35, § 142(2), struck out ‘‘and’’ before ‘‘for the period beginning on November 18, 2023,’’ and sub- stituted ‘‘, and for the period beginning on January 20, 2024, and ending on March 8, 2024, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023.’’ for period at end. Page 2448 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 710 2023—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 118–22, § 402(1)(A), in in- troductory provisions, substituted ‘‘, for the period be- ginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on November 17, 2023, and for the period beginning on November 18, 2023, and ending on January 19, 2024’’ for ‘‘and for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on November 17, 2023’’ and ‘‘with respect to the applicable period’’ for ‘‘with respect to such period’’. Pub. L. 118–15, § 2352(1)(A)(i), in introductory provi- sions, inserted ‘‘and for the period beginning on Octo- ber 1, 2023, and ending on November 17, 2023’’ after ‘‘2023’’ and ‘‘(or, with respect to such period, for fiscal year 2024)’’ after ‘‘for the fiscal year’’. Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 118–15, § 2352(1)(A)(ii), in- serted ‘‘or period’’ after ‘‘fiscal year’’ in two places. Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 118–22, § 402(1)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘for the applicable period’’ for ‘‘for the pe- riod’’. Pub. L. 118–15, § 2352(1)(B)(i), inserted ‘‘and with re- spect to fiscal year 2024, for the period described in paragraph (1)’’ after ‘‘2023’’. Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 118–22, § 402(1)(C), sub- stituted ‘‘for the applicable period’’ for ‘‘for the pe- riod’’. Pub. L. 118–15, § 2352(1)(B)(ii), inserted ‘‘(or, with re- spect to fiscal year 2024, for the period described in paragraph (1))’’ after ‘‘for the fiscal year’’. Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 118–22, § 402(2)(A), substituted ‘‘for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on November 17, 2023, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the cor- responding period for fiscal year 2023, and for the period beginning on November 18, 2023, and ending on January 19, 2024, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023’’ for ‘‘and for the period beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on November 17, 2023, an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount ap- propriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023’’. Pub. L. 118–15, § 2352(2)(A), inserted ‘‘, and for the pe- riod beginning on October 1, 2023, and ending on No- vember 17, 2023, an amount equal to the pro rata por- tion of the amount appropriated for the corresponding period for fiscal year 2023’’ before period at end. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 118–22, § 402(2)(B), substituted ‘‘for the applicable period’’ for ‘‘for the period’’. Pub. L. 118–15, § 2352(2)(B), inserted ‘‘and for the pe- riod described in paragraph (1),’’ after ‘‘2023,’’. 2020—Pub. L. 116–215 substituted ‘‘December 18, 2020’’ for ‘‘December 11, 2020’’ wherever appearing. Pub. L. 116–159, § 2104(1), substituted ‘‘December 11, 2020’’ for ‘‘November 30, 2020’’ wherever appearing. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 116–260, § 303(1)(A)(i), in intro- ductory provisions, substituted ‘‘2023’’ for ‘‘2020 and for the period beginning October 1, 2020, and ending Decem- ber 18, 2020’’ and struck out ‘‘(or, with respect to such period, for fiscal year 2021)’’ before ‘‘under section 705(a) of this title’’. Pub. L. 116–136, § 3821(1)(A), in introductory provi- sions, substituted ‘‘through 2020 and for the period be- ginning October 1, 2020, and ending November 30, 2020’’ for ‘‘and 2019 and for the period beginning October 1, 2019, and ending May 22, 2020’’ and ‘‘fiscal year 2021’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 2020’’. Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 116–260, § 303(1)(A)(ii), struck out ‘‘or period’’ after ‘‘for the fiscal year’’ in two places. Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 116–260, § 303(1)(B)(i), sub- stituted ‘‘2023’’ for ‘‘2020 and for the period beginning October 1, 2020, and ending December 18, 2020’’ and struck out ‘‘(or, with respect to such period, for fiscal year 2021)’’ before ‘‘under section 705(a) of this title’’. Pub. L. 116–136, § 3821(1)(B), substituted ‘‘through 2020 and for the period beginning October 1, 2020, and ending November 30, 2020’’ for ‘‘and 2019 and for the period be- ginning October 1, 2019, and ending May 22, 2020’’ and ‘‘fiscal year 2021’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 2020’’. Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 116–260, § 303(1)(B)(ii), struck out ‘‘(or, with respect to the period described in subparagraph (A), for fiscal year 2021)’’ before ‘‘under section 705(a) of this title’’. Pub. L. 116–159, § 2104(2), substituted ‘‘the period de- scribed in subparagraph (A), for fiscal year 2021’’ for ‘‘such period, for fiscal year 2020’’. Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 116–260, § 303(2)(A), substituted ‘‘2023’’ for ‘‘2020, and for the period beginning on Octo- ber 1, 2020, and ending on December 18, 2020, the amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appro- priated for such period for fiscal year 2020’’. Pub. L. 116–136, § 3821(2), substituted ‘‘through 2020, and for the period beginning on October 1, 2020, and ending on November 30, 2020, the amount equal to the pro rata portion of the amount appropriated for such period for fiscal year 2020’’ for ‘‘and 2019 and $48,287,671 for the period beginning October 1, 2019, and ending May 22, 2020’’. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 116–260, § 303(2)(B), substituted ‘‘2023,’’ for ‘‘2020, and for the period described in para- graph (1),’’. Pub. L. 116–159, § 2104(3), substituted ‘‘through 2020,’’ for ‘‘and 2019’’. 2019—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 116–94, § 303(1)(A), sub- stituted ‘‘May 22, 2020’’ for ‘‘December 20, 2019’’ in in- troductory provisions. Pub. L. 116–69, § 1201(1)(A), substituted ‘‘December 20, 2019’’ for ‘‘November 21, 2019’’ in introductory provi- sions. Pub. L. 116–59, § 1201(1)(A)(i), in introductory provi- sions, inserted ‘‘and for the period beginning October 1, 2019, and ending November 21, 2019’’ after ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2018 and 2019’’ and ‘‘(or, with respect to such period, for fiscal year 2020)’’ after ‘‘for the fiscal year’’. Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 116–59, § 1201(1)(A)(ii), sub- stituted ‘‘for the fiscal year or period’’ for ‘‘for the fis- cal year’’ in two places. Subsec. (a)(2)(A). Pub. L. 116–94, § 303(1)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘May 22, 2020’’ for ‘‘December 20, 2019’’. Pub. L. 116–69, § 1201(1)(B), substituted ‘‘December 20, 2019’’ for ‘‘November 21, 2019’’. Pub. L. 116–59, § 1201(1)(B)(i), inserted ‘‘and for the pe- riod beginning October 1, 2019, and ending November 21, 2019’’ after ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2018 and 2019’’ and ‘‘(or, with respect to such period, for fiscal year 2020)’’ after ‘‘for the fiscal year’’. Subsec. (a)(2)(B)(i). Pub. L. 116–59, § 1201(1)(B)(ii), in- serted ‘‘(or, with respect to such period, for fiscal year 2020)’’ after ‘‘for the fiscal year’’. Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 116–94, § 303(2), substituted ‘‘$48,287,671 for the period beginning October 1, 2019, and ending May 22, 2020’’ for ‘‘$16,643,836 for the period be- ginning October 1, 2019, and ending December 20, 2019’’. Pub. L. 116–69, § 1201(2), substituted ‘‘$16,643,836 for the period beginning October 1, 2019, and ending December 20, 2019’’ for ‘‘$10,684,931 for the period beginning Octo- ber 1, 2019, and ending November 21, 2019’’. Pub. L. 116–59, § 1201(2)(A), inserted ‘‘and $10,684,931 for the period beginning October 1, 2019, and ending No- vember 21, 2019’’ after ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2018 and 2019’’. Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 116–59, § 1201(2)(B), inserted ‘‘and for the period described in paragraph (1)’’ after ‘‘for each of fiscal years 2018 and 2019’’. 2018—Pub. L. 115–123 amended section generally. Prior to amendment, section related to abstinence education. Subsec. (a)(1)(A). Pub. L. 115–141, § 701(b), substituted ‘‘subsection (f)(1)’’ for ‘‘subsection (e)(1)’’ and ‘‘sub- section (f)(2)’’ for ‘‘subsection (e)(2)’’. Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 115–141, § 701(a), inserted before period at end ‘‘, except that section 703(a) of this title shall be applied by substituting ‘the total of the sums’ for ‘four-sevenths of the total of the sums’ ’’. 2015—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 114–10, § 214(a)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘2017’’ for ‘‘2015’’ in introductory provisions. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–10, § 214(a)(2), inserted ‘‘and an additional $75,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2016 and 2017’’ after ‘‘2015’’. 2014—Subsecs. (a), (d). Pub. L. 113–93 substituted ‘‘2015’’ for ‘‘2014’’. Page 2449 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 711 2010—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 111–148, § 2954(1), substituted ‘‘each of fiscal years 2010 through 2014’’ for ‘‘fiscal year 1998 and each subsequent fiscal year’’. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–148, § 2954(2), substituted ‘‘2010 through 2014’’ for ‘‘1998 through 2003’’ in first sentence and inserted ‘‘(except that such appropriation shall be made on March 23, 2010, in the case of fiscal year 2010)’’ before period at end of second sentence. 2003—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 108–40 substituted ‘‘2003’’ for ‘‘2002’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2018 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 115–123, div. E, title V, § 50502(b), Feb. 9, 2018, 132 Stat. 227, provided that: ‘‘The amendment made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect as if enacted on October 1, 2017.’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2003 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 108–40 effective July 1, 2003, see section 8 of Pub. L. 108–40, set out as a note under section 603 of this title. ESTABLISHING NATIONAL GOALS TO PREVENT TEENAGE PREGNANCIES Pub. L. 104–193, title IX, § 905, Aug. 22, 1996, 110 Stat. 2349, provided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Not later than January 1, 1997, the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall establish and implement a strategy for— ‘‘(1) preventing out-of-wedlock teenage pregnancies, and ‘‘(2) assuring that at least 25 percent of the commu- nities in the United States have teenage pregnancy prevention programs in place. ‘‘(b) REPORT.—Not later than June 30, 1998, and annu- ally thereafter, the Secretary shall report to the Con- gress with respect to the progress that has been made in meeting the goals described in paragraphs (1) and (2) of subsection (a).’’ § 711. Maternal, infant, and early childhood home visiting programs (a) Purposes The purposes of this section are— (1) to strengthen and improve the programs and activities carried out under this sub- chapter; (2) to improve coordination of services for at risk communities; and (3) to identify and provide comprehensive services to improve outcomes for families who reside in at risk communities. (b) Requirement for all States to assess statewide needs and identify at risk communities (1) In general Each State shall, as a condition of receiving payments from an allotment for the State under section 702 of this title, conduct a state- wide needs assessment (which may be separate from but in coordination with the statewide needs assessment required under section 705(a) of this title and which shall be reviewed and updated by the State not later than October 1, 2020) that identifies— (A) communities with concentrations of— (i) premature birth, low-birth weight in- fants, and infant mortality, including in- fant death due to neglect, or other indica- tors of at-risk prenatal, maternal, new- born, or child health; (ii) poverty; (iii) crime; (iv) domestic violence; (v) high rates of high-school drop-outs; (vi) substance abuse; (vii) unemployment; or (viii) child maltreatment; (B) the quality and capacity of existing programs or initiatives for early childhood home visitation in the State including— (i) the number and types of individuals and families who are receiving services under such programs or initiatives; (ii) the gaps in early childhood home vis- itation in the State; and (iii) the extent to which such programs or initiatives are meeting the needs of eli- gible families described in subsection (l)(2); and (C) the State’s capacity for providing sub- stance abuse treatment and counseling serv- ices to individuals and families in need of such treatment or services. (2) Coordination with other assessments In conducting the statewide needs assess- ment required under paragraph (1), the State shall coordinate with, and take into account, other appropriate needs assessments con- ducted by the State, as determined by the Sec- retary, including the needs assessment re- quired under section 705(a) of this title (both the most recently completed assessment and any such assessment in progress), the com- munitywide strategic planning and needs as- sessments conducted in accordance with sec- tion 9835(g)(1)(C) of this title, and the inven- tory of current unmet needs and current com- munity-based and prevention-focused pro- grams and activities to prevent child abuse and neglect, and other family resource serv- ices operating in the State required under sec- tion 205(3) of the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act [42 U.S.C. 5116d(3)]. (3) Submission to the Secretary Each State shall submit to the Secretary, in such form and manner as the Secretary shall require— (A) the results of the statewide needs as- sessment required under paragraph (1); and (B) a description of how the State intends to address needs identified by the assess- ment, particularly with respect to commu- nities identified under paragraph (1)(A), which may include applying for a grant to conduct an early childhood home visitation program in accordance with the require- ments of this section. (c) Grants for early childhood home visitation programs (1) Authority to make grants In addition to any other payments made under this subchapter to a State, the Sec- retary shall make grants to eligible entities to enable the entities to deliver services under early childhood home visitation programs that satisfy the requirements of subsection (d) to eligible families in order to promote improve- ments in maternal and prenatal health, infant health, child health and development, par-