42 U.S.C. § 4331 — Congressional declaration of national en-

Page 6139 TITLE 42—THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE § 4332 (c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforce- able at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person. J.R. BIDEN, JR. SUBCHAPTER I—POLICIES AND GOALS § 4331. Congressional declaration of national en- vironmental policy (a) The Congress, recognizing the profound im- pact of man’s activity on the interrelations of all components of the natural environment, par- ticularly the profound influences of population growth, high-density urbanization, industrial expansion, resource exploitation, and new and expanding technological advances and recog- nizing further the critical importance of restor- ing and maintaining environmental quality to the overall welfare and development of man, de- clares that it is the continuing policy of the Federal Government, in cooperation with State and local governments, and other concerned public and private organizations, to use all prac- ticable means and measures, including financial and technical assistance, in a manner calculated to foster and promote the general welfare, to create and maintain conditions under which man and nature can exist in productive har- mony, and fulfill the social, economic, and other requirements of present and future generations of Americans. (b) In order to carry out the policy set forth in this chapter, it is the continuing responsibility of the Federal Government to use all practicable means, consistent with other essential consider- ations of national policy, to improve and coordi- nate Federal plans, functions, programs, and re- sources to the end that the Nation may— (1) fulfill the responsibilities of each genera- tion as trustee of the environment for suc- ceeding generations; (2) assure for all Americans safe, healthful, productive, and esthetically and culturally pleasing surroundings; (3) attain the widest range of beneficial uses of the environment without degradation, risk to health or safety, or other undesirable and unintended consequences; (4) preserve important historic, cultural, and natural aspects of our national heritage, and maintain, wherever possible, an environment which supports diversity and variety of indi- vidual choice; (5) achieve a balance between population and resource use which will permit high standards of living and a wide sharing of life’s amenities; and (6) enhance the quality of renewable re- sources and approach the maximum attainable recycling of depletable resources. (c) The Congress recognizes that each person should enjoy a healthful environment and that each person has a responsibility to contribute to the preservation and enhancement of the envi- ronment. (Pub. L. 91–190, title I, § 101, Jan. 1, 1970, 83 Stat. 852.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries COMMISSION ON POPULATION GROWTH AND THE AMERICAN FUTURE Pub. L. 91–213, §§ 1–9, Mar. 16, 1970, 84 Stat. 67–69, es- tablished the Commission on Population Growth and the American Future to conduct and sponsor such stud- ies and research and make such recommendations as might be necessary to provide information and edu- cation to all levels of government in the United States, and to our people regarding a broad range of problems associated with population growth and their implica- tions for America’s future; prescribed the composition of the Commission; provided for the appointment of its members, and the designation of a Chairman and Vice Chairman; required a majority of the members of the Commission to constitute a quorum, but allowed a less- er number to conduct hearings; prescribed the com- pensation of members of the Commission; required the Commission to conduct an inquiry into certain pre- scribed aspects of population growth in the United States and its foreseeable social consequences; provided for the appointment of an Executive Director and other personnel and prescribed their compensation; author- ized the Commission to enter into contracts with pub- lic agencies, private firms, institutions, and individuals for the conduct of research and surveys, the prepara- tion of reports, and other activities necessary to the discharge of its duties, and to request from any Federal department or agency any information and assistance it deems necessary to carry out its functions; required the General Services Administration to provide admin- istrative services for the Commission on a reimburs- able basis; required the Commission to submit an in- terim report to the President and the Congress one year after it was established and to submit its final re- port two years after Mar. 16, 1970; terminated the Com- mission sixty days after the date of the submission of its final report; and authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appro- priated, such amounts as might be necessary to carry out the provisions of Pub. L. 91–213. Executive Documents EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 11507 Ex. Ord. No. 11507, eff. Feb. 4, 1970, 35 F.R. 2573, which related to prevention, control, and abatement of air and water pollution at federal facilities was superseded by Ex. Ord. No. 11752, eff. Dec. 17, 1973, 38 F.R. 34793, for- merly set out below. EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 11752 Ex. Ord. No. 11752, Dec. 17, 1973, 38 F.R. 34793, which related to the prevention, control, and abatement of environmental pollution at Federal facilities, was re- voked by Ex. Ord. No. 12088, Oct. 13, 1978, 43 F.R. 47707, set out as a note under section 4321 of this title. § 4332. Cooperation of agencies; reports; avail- ability of information; recommendations; international and national coordination of efforts The Congress authorizes and directs that, to the fullest extent possible: (1) the policies, regu- lations, and public laws of the United States shall be interpreted and administered in accord- ance with the policies set forth in this chapter, and (2) all agencies of the Federal Government shall— (A) utilize a systematic, interdisciplinary approach which will ensure the integrated use of the natural and social sciences and the en- vironmental design arts in planning and in de- cisionmaking which may have an impact on man’s environment;