7 U.S.C. § 7627 — Coordinated program of research, exten-

Page 2068 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 7627 for integrated, multifunctional agricultural re- search, extension, and education activities. (b) Competitive grants authorized Subject to the availability of appropriations to carry out this section, the Secretary may award grants to colleges and universities (as de- fined in section 3103 of this title), 1994 Institu- tions, and Hispanic-serving agricultural colleges and universities on a competitive basis for inte- grated agricultural research, education, and ex- tension projects in accordance with this section. (c) Criteria for grants Grants under this section shall be awarded to address priorities in United States agriculture, determined by the Secretary in consultation with the Advisory Board, that involve inte- grated research, extension, and education activi- ties. (d) Matching funds requirement (1) In general Subject to paragraph (3), with respect to a grant under this section that provides a par- ticular benefit to a specific agricultural com- modity, the recipient of the grant shall pro- vide non-Federal matching funds (including funds from an agricultural commodity pro- motion, research, and information program) equal to not less than the amount of the grant. (2) In-kind support Non-Federal matching funds described in paragraph (1) may include in-kind support. (3) Waiver The Secretary may waive the matching funds requirement under paragraph (1) with re- spect to a grant if the Secretary determines that— (A) the results of the grant are of a par- ticular benefit to a specific agricultural commodity, but those results are likely to be applicable to agricultural commodities generally; or (B)(i) the grant— (I) involves a minor commodity; and (II) deals with scientifically important research; and (ii) the recipient is unable to satisfy the matching funds requirement. (e) Term of grant A grant under this section shall have a term of not more than 5 years. (f) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 1999 through 2023. (Pub. L. 105–185, title IV, § 406, June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 573; Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, §§ 7125, 7206, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 434, 439; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, §§ 7129(c)(4), 7306, May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1227, 1242; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VII, §§ 7129(c)(4), 7306, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1988, 2004; Pub. L. 113–79, title VII, §§ 7128(b)(3)(A), 7302, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 879, 887; Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, §§ 7302, 7614(b)(3)(A), Dec. 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 4815, 4835.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246. AMENDMENTS 2018—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–334, § 7614(b)(3)(A)(ii), added subsec. (d). Former subsec. (d) redesignated (e). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 115–334, § 7614(b)(3)(A)(i), redesig- nated subsec. (d) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f). Pub. L. 115–334, § 7302, substituted ‘‘2023’’ for ‘‘2018’’. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 115–334, § 7614(b)(3)(A)(i), redesig- nated subsec. (e) as (f). 2014—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 113–79, § 7128(b)(3)(A), redes- ignated subsec. (e) as (d) and struck out former subsec. (d) which related to matching funds requirement. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 113–79, § 7302, substituted ‘‘2018’’ for ‘‘2012’’. Pub. L. 113–79, § 7128(b)(3)(A)(ii), redesignated subsec. (f) as (e). Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 113–79, § 7128(b)(3)(A)(ii), redesig- nated subsec. (f) as (e). 2008—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7129(c)(4), sub- stituted ‘‘, 1994 Institutions, and Hispanic-serving agri- cultural colleges and universities’’ for ‘‘and 1994 Insti- tutions’’. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7306, substituted ‘‘2012’’ for ‘‘2007’’. 2002—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 107–171, § 7206, inserted ‘‘and 1994 Institutions’’ before ‘‘on a competitive basis’’. Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 107–171, § 7125(1), (2), added subsec. (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f). Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 107–171, § 7125(1), (3), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f) and substituted ‘‘2007’’ for ‘‘2002’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2018 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 7614(b)(3)(A) of Pub. L. 115–334 applicable to grants, cooperative agreements, or other awards made after Dec. 20, 2018, with matching funds requirement in effect on Dec. 20, 2018, to continue to apply to such grant, cooperative agreement, or other award, see section 7614(c) of Pub. L. 115–334, set out as a note under section 3151 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title. § 7627. Coordinated program of research, exten- sion, and education to improve viability of small and medium size dairy, livestock, and poultry operations (a) Program authorized The Secretary of Agriculture may carry out a coordinated program of research, extension, and education to improve the competitiveness, via- bility, and sustainability of small and medium size dairy, livestock, and poultry operations (re- ferred to in this section as ‘‘operations’’). (b) Components To the extent the Secretary elects to carry out the program, the Secretary shall conduct— (1) research, development, and on-farm ex- tension and education concerning low-cost production facilities and practices, manage- ment systems, and genetics that are appro- priate for the operations; Page 2069 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 7628 (2) in the case of dairy and livestock oper- ations, research and extension on manage- ment-intensive grazing systems for dairy and livestock production to realize the potential for reduced capital and feed costs through greater use of management skills, labor avail- ability optimization, and the natural benefits of grazing pastures; (3) research and extension on integrated crop and livestock or poultry systems that increase efficiencies (including improved use of energy inputs), reduce costs, and prevent environ- mental pollution to strengthen the competi- tive position of the operations; (4) economic analyses and market feasibility studies to identify new and expanded opportu- nities for producers on the operations that provide tools and strategies to meet consumer demand in domestic and international mar- kets, such as cooperative marketing and value-added strategies for milk, meat, and poultry production and processing; and (5) technology assessment that compares the technological resources of large specialized producers with the technological needs of pro- ducers on the operations to identify and trans- fer existing technology across all sizes and scales and to identify the specific research and education needs of the producers. (c) Administration The Secretary may use the funds, facilities, and technical expertise of the Agricultural Re- search Service and the National Institute of Food and Agriculture and other funds available to the Secretary (other than funds of the Com- modity Credit Corporation) to carry out this section. (Pub. L. 105–185, title IV, § 407, June 23, 1998, 112 Stat. 573; Pub. L. 107–171, title VII, § 7207(c), May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 440; Pub. L. 110–234, title VII, § 7511(c)(31), May 22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1270; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title VII, § 7511(c)(31), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2032.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical amendments to this section. The amendments by Pub. L. 110–234 were repealed by section 4(a) of Pub. L. 110–246. AMENDMENTS 2008—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110–246, § 7511(c)(31), sub- stituted ‘‘National Institute of Food and Agriculture’’ for ‘‘Cooperative State Research, Education, and Ex- tension Service’’. 2002—Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 107–171 inserted ‘‘(includ- ing improved use of energy inputs)’’ after ‘‘poultry sys- tems that increase efficiencies’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT Amendment of this section and repeal of Pub. L. 110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, except as other- wise provided, see section 4 of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as an Effective Date note under section 8701 of this title. Amendment by section 7511(c)(31) of Pub. L. 110–246 effective Oct. 1, 2009, see section 7511(c) of Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 1522 of this title. § 7628. Support for research regarding diseases of wheat, triticale, and barley caused by Fu- sarium graminearum or by Tilletia indica (a) Research grants authorized The Secretary of Agriculture may make grants to consortia of land-grant colleges and universities to enhance the ability of the con- sortia to carry out multi-State research projects aimed at understanding and combating diseases of wheat, triticale, and barley caused by Fusar- ium graminearum and related fungi (referred to in this section as ‘‘wheat scab’’) or by Tilletia indica and related fungi (referred to in this sec- tion as ‘‘Karnal bunt’’). (b) Research components Funds provided under this section shall be available for the following collaborative, multi- State research activities: (1) Identification and understanding of the epidemiology of wheat scab or of Karnal bunt, and the toxicological properties of vomitoxin, a toxic metabolite commonly occurring in wheat, triticale, and barley infected with wheat scab. (2) Development of crop management strate- gies to reduce the risk of wheat scab or Karnal bunt occurrence. (3) Development of— (A) efficient and accurate methods to mon- itor wheat, triticale, and barley for the pres- ence of Karnal bunt or of wheat scab and re- sulting vomitoxin contamination; (B) post-harvest management techniques for wheat, triticale, and barley infected with wheat scab or with Karnal bunt; and (C) milling and food processing techniques to render wheat scab contaminated grain safe. (4) Strengthening and expansion of plant- breeding activities to enhance the resistance of wheat, triticale, and barley to wheat scab and to Karnal bunt, including the establish- ment of a regional advanced breeding material evaluation nursery and a germplasm introduc- tion and evaluation system. (5) Development and deployment of alter- native fungicide application systems and for- mulations to control wheat scab and Karnal bunt and consideration of other chemical con- trol strategies to assist farmers until new more resistant wheat, triticale, and barley va- rieties are available. (c) Communications networks Funds provided under this section shall be available for efforts to concentrate, integrate, and disseminate research, extension, and out- reach-orientated information regarding wheat scab or Karnal bunt. (d) Management To oversee the use of a grant made under this section, the Secretary may establish a com- mittee composed of the directors of the agricul- tural experiment stations in the States in which land-grant colleges and universities that are members of the consortium are located. (e) Authorization of appropriations There are authorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—