22 U.S.C. § 5911 — Administration of demilitarization pro-

Page 1726 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 5902 1 See References in Text note below. ‘‘(5) The current international era of cooperation provides greater opportunities for achieving world- wide reduction and control of nuclear weapons and material than any time since the emergence of nu- clear weapons 50 years ago. ‘‘(6) It is in the security interests of both the United States and the world community for the President and the Congress to begin the process of re- ducing the number of nuclear weapons in every coun- try through multilateral agreements and other ap- propriate means. ‘‘(7) In a 1991 study, a committee of the National Academy of Sciences concluded that: ‘The appro- priate new levels of nuclear weapons cannot be speci- fied at this time, but it seems reasonable to the com- mittee that U.S. strategic forces could in time be re- duced to 1,000–2,000 nuclear warheads, provided that such a multilateral agreement included appropriate levels and verification measures for the other nations that possess nuclear weapons. This step would require successful implementation of our proposed post- START U.S.-Soviet reductions, related confidence- building measures in all the countries involved, and multilateral security cooperation in areas such as conventional force deployments and planning.’. ‘‘(b) UNITED STATES POLICY.—It shall be the goal of the United States— ‘‘(1) to encourage and facilitate the denuclearization of Ukraine, Byelarus, and Kazakhstan, as agreed upon in the Lisbon ministerial meeting of May 23, 1992; ‘‘(2) to rapidly complete and submit for ratification by the United States the treaty incorporating the agreement of June 17, 1992, between the United States and the Russian Federation to reduce the number of strategic nuclear weapons in each country’s arsenal to a level between 3,000 and 3,500; ‘‘(3) to facilitate the ability of the Russian Federa- tion, Ukraine, Byelarus, and Kazakhstan to imple- ment agreed mutual reductions under the START Treaty, and under the Joint Understanding of June 16–17, 1992 between the United States and the Russian Federation, on an accelerated timetable, so that all such reductions can be completed by the year 2000; ‘‘(4) to build on the agreement reached in the Joint Understanding of June 16–17, 1992, by entering into multilateral negotiations with the Russian Federa- tion, the United Kingdom, France, and the People’s Republic of China, and, at an appropriate point in that process, enter into negotiations with other nu- clear armed states in order to reach subsequent stage-by-stage agreements to achieve further reduc- tions in the number of nuclear weapons in all coun- tries; ‘‘(5) to continue and extend cooperative discussions with the appropriate authorities of the former Soviet military on means to maintain and improve secure command and control over nuclear forces; ‘‘(6) in consultation with other member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and other al- lies, to initiate discussions to bring tactical nuclear weapons into the arms control process; and ‘‘(7) to ensure that the United States assistance to securely transport and store, and ultimately dis- mantle, former Soviet nuclear weapons and missiles for such weapons is being properly and effectively utilized. ‘‘(c) ANNUAL REPORT.—By February 1 of each year, the President shall submit to the Congress a report on— ‘‘(1) the actions that the United States has taken, and the actions the United States plans to take dur- ing the next 12 months, to achieve each of the goals set forth in paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b); and ‘‘(2) the actions that have been taken by the Rus- sian Federation, by other former Soviet republics, and by other countries to achieve those goals. Each such report shall be submitted in unclassified form, with a classified appendix if necessary.’’ § 5902. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(2), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606 Section, Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1412, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2563, authorized the President to es- tablish and conduct programs to assist the demili- tarization of the independent states of the former So- viet Union. SUBCHAPTER II—ADMINISTRATIVE AND FUNDING AUTHORITIES § 5911. Administration of demilitarization pro- grams (a) Funding (1) In recognition of the direct contributions to the national security interests of the United States of the activities specified in section 5902 of this title, funds transferred under sections 108 and 109 of Public Law 102–229 (105 Stat. 1708) are authorized to be made available to carry out this chapter. Of the amount available to carry out this chapter— (A) not more than $40,000,000 may be made available for programs referred to in section 5902(b)(4) of this title relating to demilitariza- tion of defense industries; (B) not more than $15,000,000 may be made available for programs referred to in section 5902(b)(6) of this title relating to military-to- military contacts; (C) not more than $25,000,000 may be made available for joint research development pro- grams pursuant to section 5931 of this title; (D) not more than $10,000,000 may be made available for the study, assessment, and iden- tification of nuclear waste disposal activities by the former Soviet Union in the Arctic re- gion; (E) not more than $25,000,000 may be made available for Project PEACE; and (F) not more than $10,000,000 may be made available for the Volunteers Investing in Peace and Security (VIPS) program under chapter 89 1 of title 10. (2), (3) Omitted. (b) Omitted (Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1421, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2564.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Sections 108 and 109 of Public Law 102–229 (105 Stat. 1708), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), are not classified to the Code. Chapter 89 of title 10, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(F), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title X, § 1061(a)(1), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 442. CODIFICATION Section is comprised of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484. Subsec. (a)(2) and (3) of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484 amended section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228, which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title and was re- pealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606. Subsec. (b) of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484 amended sections 108 and 109 of Pub. L. 102–229, which are not classified to the Code. Page 1727 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 5951 SUBCHAPTER III—REPORTING REQUIREMENTS § 5921. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(2), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606 Section, Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1431, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2565, required the President to submit a report to Congress prior to obligating any funds for programs under this chapter. § 5922. Quarterly reports on programs Not later than 30 days after the end of the last fiscal year quarter of fiscal year 1992 and not later than 30 days after the end of each fiscal year quarter of fiscal year 1993, the President shall transmit to the Congress a report on the activities carried out under this chapter. Each such report shall set forth, for the preceding fis- cal year quarter and cumulatively, the fol- lowing: (1) The amounts expended for such activities and the purposes for which they were ex- pended. (2) The source of the funds obligated for such activities, specified by program. (3) A description of the participation of all United States Government departments and agencies and the United States private sector in such activities. (4) A description of the activities carried out under this chapter and the forms of assistance provided under this chapter, including, with respect to proposed industrial demilitarization projects, additional information on the progress toward demilitarization of facilities and the conversion of the demilitarized facili- ties to civilian activities. (5) Such other information as the President considers appropriate to fully inform the Con- gress concerning the operation of the pro- grams authorized under this chapter. (Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1432, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2566.) Executive Documents DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY Authority of President under this section delegated to Secretary of Defense by section 2 of Memorandum of President of the United States, Dec. 30, 1992, 58 F.R. 3193, set out as a note under section 5852 of this title. SUBCHAPTER IV—JOINT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS § 5931. Programs with states of former Soviet Union The Congress encourages the Secretary of De- fense to participate actively in joint research and development programs with the independent states of the former Soviet Union through the nongovernmental foundation established for this purpose by section 5861 of this title. To that end, the Secretary of Defense may spend those funds authorized in section 5911(a)(1)(C) of this title for support, technical cooperation, in-kind as- sistance, and other activities with the following purposes: (1) To advance defense conversion by funding civilian collaborative research and develop- ment projects between scientists and engi- neers in the United States and in the inde- pendent states of the former Soviet Union. (2) To assist the establishment of a market economy in the independent states of the former Soviet Union by promoting, identi- fying, and partially funding joint research, de- velopment, and demonstration ventures be- tween United States businesses and scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs in those inde- pendent states. (3) To provide a mechanism for scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs in the inde- pendent states of the former Soviet Union to develop an understanding of commercial busi- ness practices by establishing linkages to United States scientists, engineers, and busi- nesses. (4) To provide access for United States busi- nesses to sophisticated new technologies, tal- ented researchers, and potential new markets within the independent states of the former Soviet Union. (5) To provide productive research and devel- opment opportunities within the independent states of the former Soviet Union that offer scientists and engineers alternatives to emi- gration and help prevent proliferation of weap- ons technologies and the dissolution of the technological infrastructure of those states. (Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1441, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2566; Pub. L. 103–160, div. A, title XI, § 1182(c)(4), Nov. 30, 1993, 107 Stat. 1772.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1993—Pub. L. 103–160 made technical amendment to reference to section 5861 of this title to correct ref- erence to corresponding section of original Act. CHAPTER 68A—COOPERATIVE THREAT RE- DUCTION WITH STATES OF FORMER SO- VIET UNION Sec. 5951. Findings on cooperative threat reduction. 5952, 5953. Repealed. 5954. Funding for fiscal year 1994. 5955 to 5957. Repealed. 5958. Authorization for additional fiscal year 1993 assistance to independent states of the former Soviet Union. 5959 to 5961. Repealed. 5961a. Requirement for on-site managers. 5962 to 5965. Repealed. § 5951. Findings on cooperative threat reduction The Congress finds that it is in the national security interest of the United States for the United States to do the following: (1) Facilitate, on a priority basis, the trans- portation, storage, safeguarding, and elimi- nation of nuclear and other weapons of the independent states of the former Soviet Union, including— (A) the safe and secure storage of fissile materials derived from the elimination of nuclear weapons; (B) the dismantlement of (i) interconti- nental ballistic missiles and launchers for such missiles, (ii) submarine-launched bal- listic missiles and launchers for such mis- siles, and (iii) heavy bombers; and