22 U.S.C. § 1928f — Limitation on withdrawal from the North

Page 481 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 1928f Editorial Notes CODIFICATION This section was not enacted as part of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 which comprises this chapter. AMENDMENTS 1999—Pub. L. 106–113 substituted ‘‘NATO Parliamen- tary Assembly’’ for ‘‘North Atlantic Assembly’’. 1967—Pub. L. 90–137 substituted ‘‘North Atlantic As- sembly’’ for ‘‘North Atlantic Treaty Parliamentary Conference’’. § 1928d. Auditing and accounting The certificate of the Chairman of the House delegation and the Senate delegation of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly shall on and after July 11, 1956, be final and conclusive upon the accounting officers in the auditing of the ac- counts of the United States Group of the NATO Parliamentary Assembly. (July 11, 1956, ch. 562, § 4, 70 Stat. 524; Pub. L. 90–137, pt. IV, § 401(a)(2), Nov. 14, 1967, 81 Stat. 463; Pub. L. 106–113, div. B, § 1000(a)(7) [div. A, title VII, § 701(b)(1)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1536, 1501A–459.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION This section was not enacted as part of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 which comprises this chapter. AMENDMENTS 1999—Pub. L. 106–113 substituted ‘‘NATO Parliamen- tary Assembly’’ for ‘‘North Atlantic Assembly’’ in two places. 1967—Pub. L. 90–137 substituted ‘‘North Atlantic As- sembly’’ for ‘‘North Atlantic Treaty Parliamentary Conference’’ in two places. § 1928e. North Atlantic Assembly; appropriations for expenses of annual meeting In addition to the amounts authorized by sec- tion 1928b of this title, there is authorized to be appropriated $50,000 for fiscal year 1977 to meet the expenses incurred by the United States group in hosting the twenty-second annual meeting of the North Atlantic Assembly. In ad- dition to amounts authorized by section 1928b of this title, there is authorized to be appropriated $550,000 for fiscal year 1994 to meet the expenses incurred by the United States group in hosting the fortieth annual meeting of the North Atlan- tic Assembly. In addition to the amounts au- thorized by section 1928b of this title, there is authorized to be appropriated $450,000 for fiscal year 1984 to meet the expenses incurred by the United States group in hosting the thirty-first annual meeting of the North Atlantic Assembly. Amounts appropriated under this section are au- thorized to remain available until expended. (July 11, 1956, ch. 562, § 5, as added Pub. L. 94–350, title I, § 107, July 12, 1976, 90 Stat. 824; amended Pub. L. 98–164, title I, § 109(a), Nov. 22, 1983, 97 Stat. 1019; Pub. L. 102–138, title I, § 168(g), Oct. 28, 1991, 105 Stat. 677.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION This section was not enacted as part of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 which comprises this chapter. AMENDMENTS 1991—Pub. L. 102–138 inserted after first sentence pro- visions authorizing appropriation of $550,000 for fiscal year 1994 to meet expenses of the United States group in hosting the fortieth annual meeting of the North At- lantic Assembly. 1983—Pub. L. 98–164 inserted provisions authorizing additional appropriations for fiscal year 1984 to meet the expenses of hosting the annual meeting. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries CHANGE OF NAME Reference to North Atlantic Assembly considered to be reference to NATO Parliamentary Assembly, see section 1000(a)(7) [div. A, title VII, § 701(b)(3)] of Pub. L. 106–113, set out as a note under section 1928b of this title. § 1928f. Limitation on withdrawal from the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (a) Opposition of Congress to suspension, termi- nation, denunciation, or withdrawal from North Atlantic Treaty The President shall not suspend, terminate, denounce, or withdraw the United States from the North Atlantic Treaty, done at Washington, DC, April 4, 1949, except by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, provided that two- thirds of the Senators present concur, or pursu- ant to an Act of Congress. (b) Limitation on the use of funds No funds authorized or appropriated by any Act may be used to support, directly or indi- rectly, any decision on the part of any United States Government official to suspend, termi- nate, denounce, or withdraw the United States from the North Atlantic Treaty, done at Wash- ington, DC, April 4, 1949, except by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, provided that two-thirds of the Senators present concur, or pursuant to an Act of Congress. (c) Notification of Treaty action (1) Consultation Prior to the notification described in para- graph (2), the President shall consult with the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives in relation to any initiative to suspend, terminate, denounce, or withdraw the United States from the North Atlantic Treaty. (2) Notification The President shall notify the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Com- mittee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep- resentatives in writing of any deliberation or decision to suspend, terminate, denounce, or withdraw the United States from the North Atlantic Treaty, as soon as possible but in no event later than 180 days prior to taking such action. (d) Rule of construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize, imply, or otherwise indicate that the President may suspend, terminate, denounce, or withdraw from any treaty to which the Senate has provided its advice and consent without the Page 482 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 1929 advice and consent of the Senate to such act or pursuant to an Act of Congress. (e) Severability If any provision of this section or the applica- tion of such provision is held by a Federal court to be unconstitutional, the remainder of this subtitle and the application of such provisions to any other person or circumstance shall not be affected thereby. (f) Definitions In this subtitle, the terms ‘‘withdrawal’’, ‘‘de- nunciation’’, ‘‘suspension’’, and ‘‘termination’’ have the meaning given the terms in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, concluded at Vienna May 23, 1969. (Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title XII, § 1250A, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 464.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT This subtitle, referred to in subsecs. (e) and (f), is sub- title C (§§ 1241–1250B) of title XII of div. A of Pub. L. 118–31, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 458, which enacted this section, amended section 9905 of Title 5, Government Organization and Employees, and section 8634 of Title 10, Armed Forces, and enacted provisions set out as notes under section 419 of Title 5 and section 113 of Title 10 and amended provisions set out as a note under section 333 of Title 10. For complete classification of subtitle C to the Code, see Tables. CODIFICATION Section was enacted as part of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024, and not as part of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 which comprises this chapter. § 1929. Repealed. Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460 Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 409, 68 Stat. 845; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, § 8(g), 69 Stat. 286; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, § 8(g), 70 Stat. 558; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, § 8(i), 71 Stat. 361; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, § 205(g), 72 Stat. 267; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, § 205(i), 73 Stat. 250; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, § 204(i), 74 Stat. 137, authorized payment of ocean freight charges and provided for arrangements for free entry. § 1930. Repealed. Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, § 205(j), July 24, 1959, 73 Stat. 250 Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 410, 68 Stat. 846; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, § 8(h), 69 Stat. 287; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, § 8(h), 70 Stat. 558; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, § 8(j), 71 Stat. 361; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, § 205(h), ch. V, § 501(14), 72 Stat. 267, 271, authorized ap- propriations for carrying out objectives of Mutual De- fense Assistance Control Act of 1951, section 1611 et seq. of this title. § 1931. Repealed. Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460 Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 411, 68 Stat. 846; July 8, 1955, ch. 301, § 8(i), 69 Stat. 287; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, § 8(i), 70 Stat. 558; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, § 8(k), 71 Stat. 362; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, § 205(i), ch. V, § 501(15), 72 Stat. 267, 271; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, § 205(k), 73 Stat. 250; May 14, 1960, Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, § 204(j), ch. V, § 501(b), 74 Stat. 137, 140, related to payment of administrative and other ex- penses. See sections 2396(b), (f) and 2397 of this title. § 1932. Repealed. Pub. L. 86–472, ch. II, § 204(k), May 14, 1960, 74 Stat. 138 Section, act Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 412, as added July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, § 205(l), 73 Stat. 250, authorized appropriations for President’s special edu- cation and training fund. A prior section 412 of act Aug. 26, 1954, which author- ized assistance to selected Chinese and Korean students for studying or teaching, or for research and related academic and technical activities in the United States, was repealed by Pub. L. 85–141, § 8(l), Aug. 14, 1957, 71 Stat. 362. § 1933. Repealed. Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460 Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 413, 68 Stat. 846; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, § 8(j), (k), 70 Stat. 558; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, § 205(j), 72 Stat. 267; July 24, 1959, Pub. L. 86–108, ch. II, § 205(m), 73 Stat. 251, related to encouragement of free enterprise and private par- ticipation. See section 2351 of this title. § 1934. Repealed. Pub. L. 94–329, title II, § 212(b)(1), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 745 Section, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 414, 68 Stat. 848; June 30, 1958, Pub. L. 85–477, ch. II, § 205(k), 72 Stat. 267; Oct. 18, 1962, Pub. L. 87–845, § 5, 76A Stat. 698; Nov. 14, 1967, Pub. L. 90–137, pt. IV, § 403, 81 Stat. 463; Dec. 17, 1973, Pub. L. 93–189, § 27, 87 Stat. 732; Nov. 29, 1975, Pub. L. 94–141, title I, § 150(a), 89 Stat. 760, related to author- ity of President to control export and import of arms, ammunition, and implements of war. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries REFERENCE TO FORMER SECTION 1934 OF THIS TITLE DEEMED REFERENCE TO SECTION 2778 Pub. L. 94–329, title II, § 212(b)(1), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 745, provided in part that: ‘‘Any reference to such section [this section] shall be deemed to be a reference to section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act [section 2778 of this title] and any reference to licenses issued under section 38 of the Arms Export Control Act shall be deemed to include a reference to licenses issued under section 414 of the Mutual Security Act of 1954.’’ SAVINGS PROVISION Pub. L. 94–329, title II, § 212(b)(2), June 30, 1976, 90 Stat. 745, provided that: ‘‘All determinations, author- izations, regulations, orders, contracts, agreements, and other actions issued, undertaken, or entered into under section 414 of the Mutual Security Act of 1954 [this section] shall continue in full force and effect until modified, revoked, or superseded by appropriate authority.’’ Executive Documents EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 11432 Ex. Ord. No. 11432, Oct. 22, 1968, 33 F.R. 15701, which amended section 301 of Ex. Ord. No. 10973, Nov. 6, 1961, 26 F.R. 10469, in regard to delegation of certain func- tions concerning arms control to the Department of the Treasury, was omitted in view of the subsequent amendment to section 301 by Ex. Ord. No. 11959, Jan. 18, 1977, 42 F.R. 4315. §§ 1935, 1936. Repealed. Pub. L. 87–195, pt. III, § 642(a)(2), Sept. 4, 1961, 75 Stat. 460 Section 1935, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 415, 68 Stat. 849; July 18, 1956, ch. 627, § 8(l), 70 Stat. 559, related to stockpiling of supplies. Section 1936, acts Aug. 26, 1954, ch. 937, ch. II, § 416, 68 Stat. 849; Aug. 14, 1957, Pub. L. 85–141, § 8(m), 71 Stat. 362, provided for facilitation and encouragement of travel.