18 U.S.C. § 931 — Prohibition on purchase, ownership, or

Page 268 TITLE 18—CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE § 931 (f) Nothing in this section limits the power of a court of the United States to punish for con- tempt or to promulgate rules or orders regu- lating, restricting, or prohibiting the possession of weapons within any building housing such court or any of its proceedings, or upon any grounds appurtenant to such building. (g) As used in this section: (1) The term ‘‘Federal facility’’ means a building or part thereof owned or leased by the Federal Government, where Federal employees are regularly present for the purpose of per- forming their official duties. (2) The term ‘‘dangerous weapon’’ means a weapon, device, instrument, material, or sub- stance, animate or inanimate, that is used for, or is readily capable of, causing death or seri- ous bodily injury, except that such term does not include a pocket knife with a blade of less than 21⁄2 inches in length. (3) The term ‘‘Federal court facility’’ means the courtroom, judges’ chambers, witness rooms, jury deliberation rooms, attorney con- ference rooms, prisoner holding cells, offices of the court clerks, the United States attor- ney, and the United States marshal, probation and parole offices, and adjoining corridors of any court of the United States. (h) Notice of the provisions of subsections (a) and (b) shall be posted conspicuously at each public entrance to each Federal facility, and no- tice of subsection (e) shall be posted conspicu- ously at each public entrance to each Federal court facility, and no person shall be convicted of an offense under subsection (a) or (e) with re- spect to a Federal facility if such notice is not so posted at such facility, unless such person had actual notice of subsection (a) or (e), as the case may be. (Added Pub. L. 100–690, title VI, § 6215(a), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4361; amended Pub. L. 101–647, title XXII, § 2205(a), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4857; Pub. L. 103–322, title VI, § 60014, Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1973; Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, § 603(t), (u), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3506; Pub. L. 107–56, title VIII, § 811(b), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 381; Pub. L. 110–177, title II, § 203, Jan. 7, 2008, 121 Stat. 2537.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2008—Subsec. (e)(1). Pub. L. 110–177 inserted ‘‘or other dangerous weapon’’ after ‘‘firearm’’. 2001—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 107–56 struck out ‘‘or at- tempts to kill’’ after ‘‘A person who kills’’, inserted ‘‘or attempts or conspires to do such an act,’’ before ‘‘shall be punished’’, and substituted ‘‘1113, and 1117’’ for ‘‘and 1113’’. 1996—Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 104–294, § 603(t), sub- stituted ‘‘subsection (d)’’ for ‘‘subsection (c)’’. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 104–294, § 603(u)(1), redesignated subsec. (g), related to posting notice in Federal facili- ties, as (h). Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 104–294, § 603(u)(2), substituted ‘‘(e)’’ for ‘‘(d)’’ wherever appearing. Pub. L. 104–294, § 603(u)(1), redesignated subsec. (g), re- lated to posting notice in Federal facilities, as (h). 1994—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103–322, § 60014(2), sub- stituted ‘‘(d)’’ for ‘‘(c)’’. Subsecs. (c) to (g). Pub. L. 103–322, § 60014(1), (3), added subsec. (c) and redesignated former subsecs. (c) to (f) as (d) to (g), respectively. 1990—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 101–647, § 2205(a)(1), inserted ‘‘(other than a Federal court facility)’’ after ‘‘Federal facility’’. Subsecs. (d), (e). Pub. L. 101–647, § 2205(a)(2), (3), added subsec. (d) and redesignated former subsec. (d) as (e). Former subsec. (e) redesignated (f). Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101–647, § 2205(a)(2), redesignated subsec. (e) as (f). Former subsec. (f) redesignated (g). Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 101–647, § 2205(a)(4), added par. (3). Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 101–647, § 2205(a)(5), inserted ‘‘and notice of subsection (d) shall be posted conspicuously at each public entrance to each Federal court facility,’’ after ‘‘each Federal facility,’’, ‘‘or (d)’’ before ‘‘with re- spect to’’, and ‘‘or (d), as the case may be’’ before the period. Pub. L. 101–647, § 2205(a)(2), redesignated subsec. (f) as (g). Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1990 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 101–647, title XXII, § 2205(b), Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4858, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply to conduct engaged in after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 29, 1990].’’ § 931. Prohibition on purchase, ownership, or possession of body armor by violent felons (a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in sub- section (b), it shall be unlawful for a person to purchase, own, or possess body armor, if that person has been convicted of a felony that is— (1) a crime of violence (as defined in section 16); or (2) an offense under State law that would constitute a crime of violence under paragraph (1) if it occurred within the special maritime and territorial jurisdiction of the United States. (b) AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE.— (1) IN GENERAL.—It shall be an affirmative defense under this section that— (A) the defendant obtained prior written certification from his or her employer that the defendant’s purchase, use, or possession of body armor was necessary for the safe per- formance of lawful business activity; and (B) the use and possession by the defend- ant were limited to the course of such per- formance. (2) EMPLOYER.—In this subsection, the term ‘‘employer’’ means any other individual em- ployed by the defendant’s business that super- vises defendant’s activity. If that defendant has no supervisor, prior written certification is acceptable from any other employee of the business. (Added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, § 11009(e)(2)(A), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1821.) § 932. Straw purchasing of firearms (a) DEFINITIONS.—For purposes of this sec- tion— (1) the term ‘‘drug trafficking crime’’— (A) has the meaning given that term in section 924(c)(2); and (B) includes a felony punishable under the law of a State for which the conduct consti- tuting the offense would constitute a felony punishable under the Controlled Substances