37 U.S.C. § 463 — Programs of compliance; electronic proc-

Page 208 TITLE 37—PAY AND ALLOWANCES OF THE UNIFORMED SERVICES § 461 (2) REFUND.—The term ‘‘refund’’ includes miscellaneous receipts credited to the Depart- ment identified as a refund, rebate, repay- ment, or other similar amounts collected. (Added Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title VI, § 606(a), Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1424.) SUBCHAPTER II—ADMINISTRATIVE PROVISIONS § 461. Relationship to other travel and transpor- tation authorities An authorized traveler may not be paid travel and transportation allowances or receive travel- in-kind and transportation-in-kind, or a com- bination thereof, under both subchapter I and subchapter III for official travel performed under a single or related travel and transpor- tation order or authorization by the admin- istering Secretary. (Added Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VI, § 631(b), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1459.) § 462. Travel and transportation allowances paid to members that are unauthorized or in ex- cess of authorized amounts: requirement for repayment (a) REPAYMENT REQUIRED.—Except as provided in subsection (b), a member of the uniformed services or other person who is paid travel and transportation allowances under subchapter I shall repay to the United States any amount of such payment that is determined to be unau- thorized or in excess of the applicable author- ized amount. (b) EXCEPTION.—The regulations prescribed under section 464 of this title shall specify pro- cedures for determining the circumstances under which an exception to repayment other- wise required by subsection (a) may be granted. (c) EFFECT OF BANKRUPTCY.—An obligation to repay the United States under this section is, for all purposes, a debt owed the United States. A discharge in bankruptcy under title 11 does not discharge a person from such debt if the dis- charge order is entered less than five years after the date on which the debt was incurred. (Added Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VI, § 631(b), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1459.) § 463. Programs of compliance; electronic proc- essing of travel claims (a) PROGRAMS OF COMPLIANCE.—The admin- istering Secretaries shall provide for compliance with the requirements of this chapter through programs of compliance established and main- tained for that purpose. (b) ELEMENTS.—The programs of compliance under subsection (a) shall— (1) minimize the provision of benefits under this chapter based on inaccurate claims, unau- thorized claims, overstated or inflated claims, and multiple claims for the same benefits through the electronic verification of travel claims on a near-time basis and such other means as the administering Secretaries may establish for purposes of the programs of com- pliance; and (2) ensure that benefits provided under this chapter do not exceed reasonable or actual and necessary expenses of travel claimed or rea- sonable allowances based on commercial trav- el rates. (c) ELECTRONIC PROCESSING OF TRAVEL CLAIMS.—(1) By not later than the date that is five years after the date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012, any travel claim under this chapter shall be processed electronically. (2) The administering Secretary, or the Sec- retary’s designee, may waive the requirement in paragraph (1) with respect to a particular claim in the interests of the department concerned. (3) The electronic processing of claims under this subsection shall be subject to the regula- tions prescribed by the Secretary of Defense under section 464 of this title which shall apply uniformly to all members of the uniformed serv- ices and, to the extent practicable, to all other authorized travelers. (Added Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VI, § 631(b), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1459.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2012, referred to in subsec. (c)(1), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 112–81, which was approved Dec. 31, 2011. § 464. Regulations This subchapter and subchapter I shall be ad- ministered under terms, rates, conditions, and regulations prescribed by the Secretary of De- fense in consultation with the other admin- istering Secretaries for members of the uni- formed services. Such regulations shall be uni- form for the Department of Defense and shall apply as uniformly as practicable to the uni- formed services under the jurisdiction of the other administering Secretaries. (Added Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VI, § 631(b), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1460.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries TRAVEL AND TRANSPORTATION ALLOWANCES: PROHIBI- TION OF REQUIREMENT OF ZERO-EMISSION VEHICLE Pub. L. 118–159, div. A, title VI, § 626, Dec. 23, 2024, 138 Stat. 1935, provided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—The Joint Travel Regulations for the Uniformed Services may not require that travel or transportation be in a zero-emission vehicle in order to be eligible a travel or transportation allowance. ‘‘(b) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—This section shall not be construed to prohibit the payment of such an allow- ance in the case of a member of the uniformed services who uses a zero-emission vehicle for travel or transpor- tation that— ‘‘(1) the member owns; or ‘‘(2) is provided to such member by a rental com- pany.’’ [SUBCHAPTER III—REPEALED] [§§ 471 to 474b. Repealed. Pub. L. 117–81, div. A, title VI, § 604(a), Dec. 27, 2021, 135 Stat. 1767] Section 471, added Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title VI, § 631(b), Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1460, defined the term