31 U.S.C. § 5112 — Denominations, specifications, and design

Page 378 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 Hawaii on Dec. 7, 1941, and participated in combat oper- ations that day. Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title XIV, §§ 1493, 1494, Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1722, commemorating centennial of Yo- semite National Park. Pub. L. 101–296, May 17, 1990, 104 Stat. 197, recognizing Laurance Spelman Rockefeller. Pub. L. 101–260, Mar. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 122, commemo- rating bicentennial of United States Coast Guard. Pub. L. 100–639, Nov. 9, 1988, 102 Stat. 3331, recognizing Andrew Wyeth. Pub. L. 100–437, §§ 1–3, Sept. 20, 1988, 102 Stat. 1717, rec- ognizing Jesse Owens. Pub. L. 100–210, §§ 1, 2, Dec. 24, 1987, 101 Stat. 1441, rec- ognizing Mary Lasker. Pub. L. 99–418, Sept. 23, 1986, 100 Stat. 952, recognizing Aaron Copland. Pub. L. 99–311, May 20, 1986, 100 Stat. 464, recognizing Harry Chapin. Pub. L. 99–298, May 13, 1986, 100 Stat. 432, recognizing Natan (Anatoly) and Avital Shcharansky. Pub. L. 99–295, May 12, 1986, 100 Stat. 427; Pub. L. 100–210, § 3, Dec. 24, 1987, 101 Stat. 1441; Pub. L. 100–437, § 4, Sept. 20, 1988, 102 Stat. 1717, commemorating the Young Astronaut Program. Pub. L. 95–630, title IV, §§ 401–407, Nov. 10, 1978, 92 Stat. 3679, 3680, recognizing outstanding individuals in the American arts. § 5112. Denominations, specifications, and design of coins (a) The Secretary of the Treasury may mint and issue only the following coins: (1) a dollar coin that is 1.043 inches in diame- ter. (2) a half dollar coin that is 1.205 inches in diameter and weighs 11.34 grams. (3) a quarter dollar coin that is 0.955 inch in diameter and weighs 5.67 grams. (4) a dime coin that is 0.705 inch in diameter and weighs 2.268 grams. (5) a 5-cent coin that is 0.835 inch in diame- ter and weighs 5 grams. (6) except as provided under subsection (c) of this section, a one-cent coin that is 0.75 inch in diameter and weighs 3.11 grams. (7) A fifty dollar gold coin that is 32.7 milli- meters in diameter, weighs 33.931 grams, and contains one troy ounce of fine gold. (8) A twenty-five dollar gold coin that is 27.0 millimeters in diameter, weighs 16.966 grams, and contains one-half troy ounce of fine gold. (9) A ten dollar gold coin that is 22.0 milli- meters in diameter, weighs 8.483 grams, and contains one-fourth troy ounce of fine gold. (10) A five dollar gold coin that is 16.5 milli- meters in diameter, weighs 3.393 grams, and contains one-tenth troy ounce of fine gold. (11) A $50 gold coin that is of an appropriate size and thickness, as determined by the Sec- retary, weighs 1 ounce, and contains 99.99 per- cent pure gold. (12) A $25 coin of an appropriate size and thickness, as determined by the Secretary, that weighs 1 troy ounce and contains .9995 fine palladium. (b) The half dollar, quarter dollar, and dime coins are clad coins with 3 layers of metal. The 2 identical outer layers are an alloy of 75 per- cent copper and 25 percent nickel. The inner layer is copper. The outer layers are metallurgi- cally bonded to the inner layer and weigh at least 30 percent of the weight of the coin. The dollar coin shall be golden in color, have a dis- tinctive edge, have tactile and visual features that make the denomination of the coin readily discernible, be minted and fabricated in the United States, and have similar metallic, anti- counterfeiting properties as United States coin- age in circulation on the date of enactment of the United States $1 Coin Act of 1997. The 5-cent coin is an alloy of 75 percent copper and 25 per- cent nickel. In minting 5-cent coins, the Sec- retary shall use bars that vary not more than 2.5 percent from the percent of nickel required. Ex- cept as provided under subsection (c) of this sec- tion, the one-cent coin is an alloy of 95 percent copper and 5 percent zinc. In minting gold coins, the Secretary shall use alloys that vary not more than 0.1 percent from the percent of gold required. The specifications for alloys are by weight. (c) The Secretary may prescribe the weight and the composition of copper and zinc in the alloy of the one-cent coin that the Secretary de- cides are appropriate when the Secretary de- cides that a different weight and alloy of copper and zinc are necessary to ensure an adequate supply of one-cent coins to meet the needs of the United States. (d)(1) United States coins shall have the in- scription ‘‘In God We Trust’’. The obverse side of each coin shall have the inscription ‘‘Liberty’’. The reverse side of each coin shall have the in- scriptions ‘‘United States of America’’ and ‘‘E Pluribus Unum’’ and a designation of the value of the coin. The design on the reverse side of the dollar, half dollar, and quarter dollar is an eagle. Subject to other provisions of this sub- section, the obverse of any 5-cent coin issued after December 31, 2005, shall bear the likeness of Thomas Jefferson and the reverse of any such 5-cent coin shall bear an image of the home of Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Con- gress, shall select appropriate designs for the ob- verse and reverse sides of the dollar coin. The coins have an inscription of the year of minting or issuance. However, to prevent or alleviate a shortage of a denomination, the Secretary may inscribe coins of the denomination with the year that was last inscribed on coins of the denomi- nation. (2) The Secretary shall prepare the devices, models, hubs, and dies for coins, emblems, de- vices, inscriptions, and designs authorized under this chapter. The Secretary may, after con- sulting with the Citizens Coinage Advisory Com- mittee and the Commission of Fine Arts, adopt and prepare new designs or models of emblems or devices that are authorized in the same way as when new coins or devices are authorized. The Secretary may change the design or die of a coin only once within 25 years of the first adoption of the design, model, hub, or die for that coin. The Secretary may procure services under section 3109 of title 5 in carrying out this paragraph. (e) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Secretary shall mint and issue, in qualities and quantities that the Secretary de- termines are sufficient to meet public demand, coins which— (1) are 40.6 millimeters in diameter and weigh 31.103 grams; Page 379 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 (2) contain .999 fine silver; (3) have a design— (A) symbolic of Liberty on the obverse side; and (B) of an eagle on the reverse side; (4) have inscriptions of the year of minting or issuance, and the words ‘‘Liberty’’, ‘‘In God We Trust’’, ‘‘United States of America’’, ‘‘1 Oz. Fine Silver’’, ‘‘E Pluribus Unum’’, and ‘‘One Dollar’’; and (5) have reeded edges. (f) SILVER COINS.— (1) SALE PRICE.—The Secretary shall sell the coins minted under subsection (e) to the public at a price equal to the market value of the bullion at the time of sale, plus the cost of minting, marketing, and distributing such coins (including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and promotional and overhead ex- penses). (2) BULK SALES.—The Secretary shall make bulk sales of the coins minted under sub- section (e) at a reasonable discount. (3) NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of sec- tion 5132(a)(1) of this title, all coins minted under subsection (e) shall be considered to be numismatic items. (g) For purposes of section 5132(a)(1) of this title, all coins minted under subsection (e) of this section shall be considered to be numis- matic items. (h) The coins issued under this title shall be legal tender as provided in section 5103 of this title. (i)(1) Notwithstanding section 5111(a)(1) of this title, the Secretary shall mint and issue the gold coins described in paragraphs (7), (8), (9), and (10) of subsection (a) of this section, in qualities and quantities that the Secretary de- termines are sufficient to meet public demand, and such gold coins shall— (A) have a design determined by the Sec- retary, except that the fifty dollar gold coin shall have— (i) on the obverse side, a design symbolic of Liberty; and (ii) on the reverse side, a design rep- resenting a family of eagles, with the male carrying an olive branch and flying above a nest containing a female eagle and hatch- lings; (B) have inscriptions of the denomination, the weight of the fine gold content, the year of minting or issuance, and the words ‘‘Liberty’’, ‘‘In God We Trust’’, ‘‘United States of Amer- ica’’, and ‘‘E Pluribus Unum’’; and (C) have reeded edges. (2)(A) The Secretary shall sell the coins mint- ed under this subsection to the public at a price equal to the market value of the bullion at the time of sale, plus the cost of minting, mar- keting, and distributing such coins (including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and promotional and overhead expenses). (B) The Secretary shall make bulk sales of the coins minted under this subsection at a reason- able discount. (3) For purposes of section 5132(a)(1) of this title, all coins minted under this subsection shall be considered to be numismatic items. (4)(A) Notwithstanding any other provision of law and subject to subparagraph (B), the Sec- retary of the Treasury may change the diame- ter, weight, or design of any coin minted under this subsection or the fineness of the gold in the alloy of any such coin if the Secretary deter- mines that the specific diameter, weight, design, or fineness of gold which differs from that other- wise required by law is appropriate for such coin. (B) The Secretary may not mint any coin with respect to which a determination has been made by the Secretary under subparagraph (A) before the end of the 30-day period beginning on the date a notice of such determination is published in the Federal Register. (C) The Secretary may continue to mint and issue coins in accordance with the specifications contained in paragraphs (7), (8), (9), and (10) of subsection (a) and paragraph (1)(A) of this sub- section at the same time the Secretary in mint- ing and issuing other bullion and proof gold coins under this subsection in accordance with such program procedures and coin specifica- tions, designs, varieties, quantities, denomina- tions, and inscriptions as the Secretary, in the Secretary’s discretion, may prescribe from time to time. (j) GENERAL WAIVER OF PROCUREMENT REGULA- TIONS.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in para- graph (2), no provision of law governing pro- curement or public contracts shall be applica- ble to the procurement of goods or services necessary for minting, marketing, or issuing any coin authorized under paragraph (7), (8), (9), or (10) of subsection (a) or subsection (e), including any proof version of any such coin. (2) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY.—Para- graph (1) shall not relieve any person entering into a contract with respect to any coin re- ferred to in such paragraph from complying with any law relating to equal employment opportunity. (k) The Secretary may mint and issue plat- inum bullion coins and proof platinum coins in accordance with such specifications, designs, va- rieties, quantities, denominations, and inscrip- tions as the Secretary, in the Secretary’s discre- tion, may prescribe from time to time. (l) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF QUARTER DOL- LAR IN COMMEMORATION OF EACH OF THE 50 STATES.— (1) REDESIGN BEGINNING IN 1999.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding the fourth sentence of subsection (d)(1) and sub- section (d)(2), quarter dollar coins issued during the 10-year period beginning in 1999, shall have designs on the reverse side se- lected in accordance with this subsection which are emblematic of the 50 States. (B) TRANSITION PROVISION.—Notwith- standing subparagraph (A), the Secretary may continue to mint and issue quarter dol- lars in 1999 which bear the design in effect before the redesign required under this sub- section and an inscription of the year ‘‘1998’’ as required to ensure a smooth transition into the 10-year program under this sub- section. (C) FLEXIBILITY WITH REGARD TO PLACE- MENT OF INSCRIPTIONS.—Notwithstanding Page 380 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may select a design for quarter dollars issued during the 10-year period referred to in subparagraph (A) in which— (i) the inscription described in the sec- ond sentence of subsection (d)(1) appears on the reverse side of any such quarter dol- lars; and (ii) any inscription described in the third sentence of subsection (d)(1) or the des- ignation of the value of the coin appears on the obverse side of any such quarter dollars. (2) SINGLE STATE DESIGNS.—The design on the reverse side of each quarter dollar issued during the 10-year period referred to in para- graph (1) shall be emblematic of 1 of the 50 States. (3) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING 5 STATES DURING EACH OF THE 10 YEARS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The designs for the quar- ter dollar coins issued during each year of the 10-year period referred to in paragraph (1) shall be emblematic of 5 States selected in the order in which such States ratified the Constitution of the United States or were admitted into the Union, as the case may be. (B) NUMBER OF EACH OF 5 COIN DESIGNS IN EACH YEAR.—Of the quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the 10-year period referred to in paragraph (1), the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of quarter dol- lars which shall be issued with each of the 5 designs selected for such year. (4) SELECTION OF DESIGN.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Each of the 50 designs re- quired under this subsection for quarter dol- lars shall be— (i) selected by the Secretary after con- sultation with— (I) the Governor of the State being commemorated, or such other State offi- cials or group as the State may des- ignate for such purpose; and (II) the Commission of Fine Arts; and (ii) reviewed by the Citizens Coinage Ad- visory Committee. (B) SELECTION AND APPROVAL PROCESS.— Designs for quarter dollars may be sub- mitted in accordance with the design selec- tion and approval process developed by the Secretary in the sole discretion of the Sec- retary. (C) PARTICIPATION.—The Secretary may in- clude participation by State officials, artists from the States, engravers of the United States Mint, and members of the general public. (D) STANDARDS.—Because it is important that the Nation’s coinage and currency bear dignified designs of which the citizens of the United States can be proud, the Secretary shall not select any frivolous or inappro- priate design for any quarter dollar minted under this subsection. (E) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN REPRESENTA- TIONS.—No head and shoulders portrait or bust of any person, living or dead, and no portrait of a living person may be included in the design of any quarter dollar under this subsection. (5) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this subsection shall be consid- ered to be numismatic items. (6) ISSUANCE.— (A) QUALITY OF COINS.—The Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dol- lars of each design selected under paragraph (4) in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (B) SILVER COINS.—Notwithstanding sub- section (b), the Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (4) as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, with a content of 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper. (C) SOURCES OF BULLION.—The Secretary shall obtain silver for minting coins under subparagraph (B) from available resources, including stockpiles established under the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Pil- ing Act. (7) APPLICATION IN EVENT OF THE ADMISSION OF ADDITIONAL STATES.—If any additional State is admitted into the Union before the end of the 10-year period referred to in para- graph (1), the Secretary of the Treasury may issue quarter dollar coins, in accordance with this subsection, with a design which is em- blematic of such State during any 1 year of such 10-year period, in addition to the quarter dollar coins issued during such year in accord- ance with paragraph (3)(A). (m) COMMEMORATIVE COIN PROGRAM RESTRIC- TIONS.— (1) MAXIMUM NUMBER.—Beginning January 1, 1999, the Secretary may mint and issue com- memorative coins under this section during any calendar year with respect to not more than 2 commemorative coin programs. (2) MINTAGE LEVELS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subparagraph (B), in carrying out any com- memorative coin program, the Secretary shall mint— (i) not more than 750,000 clad half-dollar coins; (ii) not more than 500,000 silver one-dol- lar coins; and (iii) not more than 100,000 gold five-dol- lar or ten-dollar coins. (B) EXCEPTION.—If the Secretary deter- mines, based on independent, market-based research conducted by a designated recipient organization of a commemorative coin pro- gram, that the mintage levels described in subparagraph (A) are not adequate to meet public demand for that commemorative coin, the Secretary may waive one or more of the requirements of subparagraph (A) with respect to that commemorative coin program. (C) DESIGNATED RECIPIENT ORGANIZATION DEFINED.—For purposes of this paragraph, Page 381 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 1 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘sections’’. the term ‘‘designated recipient organiza- tion’’ means any organization designated, under any provision of law, as the recipient of any surcharge imposed on the sale of any numismatic item. (n) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF CIRCULATING $1 COINS HONORING EACH OF THE PRESIDENTS OF THE UNITED STATES.— (1) REDESIGN BEGINNING IN 2007.—Notwith- standing subsection (d) and in accordance with the provisions of this subsection, $1 coins issued during the period beginning January 1, 2007, and ending upon the termination of the program under paragraph (8), shall— (A) have designs on the obverse selected in accordance with paragraph (2)(B) which are emblematic of the Presidents of the United States; and (B) have a design on the reverse selected in accordance with paragraph (2)(A). (2) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.—The $1 coins issued in accordance with paragraph (1)(A) shall meet the following design requirements: (A) COIN REVERSE.—The design on the re- verse shall bear— (i) a likeness of the Statue of Liberty ex- tending to the rim of the coin and large enough to provide a dramatic representa- tion of Liberty while not being large enough to create the impression of a ‘‘2- headed’’ coin; (ii) the inscription ‘‘$1’’; and (iii) the inscription ‘‘United States of America’’. (B) COIN OBVERSE.—The design on the ob- verse shall contain— (i) the name and likeness of a President of the United States; and (ii) basic information about the Presi- dent, including— (I) the dates or years of the term of of- fice of such President; and (II) a number indicating the order of the period of service in which the Presi- dent served. (C) EDGE-INCUSED INSCRIPTIONS.— (i) IN GENERAL.—The inscription of the year of minting or issuance of the coin and the inscription ‘‘E Pluribus Unum’’ shall be edge-incused into the coin. (ii) PRESERVATION OF DISTINCTIVE EDGE.— The edge-incusing of the inscriptions under clause (i) on coins issued under this subsection shall be done in a manner that preserves the distinctive edge of the coin so that the denomination of the coin is readily discernible, including by individ- uals who are blind or visually impaired. (D) INSCRIPTIONS OF ‘‘LIBERTY’’.—Notwith- standing the second sentence of subsection (d)(1), because the use of a design bearing the likeness of the Statue of Liberty on the reverse of the coins issued under this sub- section adequately conveys the concept of Liberty, the inscription of ‘‘Liberty’’ shall not appear on the coins. (E) LIMITATION IN SERIES TO DECEASED PRESIDENTS.—No coin issued under this sub- section may bear the image of a living former or current President, or of any de- ceased former President during the 2-year period following the date of the death of that President. (F) INSCRIPTION OF ‘‘IN GOD WE TRUST’’.— The design on the obverse or the reverse shall bear the inscription ‘‘In God We Trust’’. (3) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING PRESI- DENTS.— (A) ORDER OF ISSUANCE.—The coins issued under this subsection commemorating Presi- dents of the United States shall be issued in the order of the period of service of each President, beginning with President George Washington. (B) TREATMENT OF PERIOD OF SERVICE.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Subject to clause (ii), only 1 coin design shall be issued for a pe- riod of service for any President, no mat- ter how many consecutive terms of office the President served. (ii) NONCONSECUTIVE TERMS.—If a Presi- dent has served during 2 or more non- consecutive periods of service, a coin shall be issued under this subsection for each such nonconsecutive period of service. (4) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING 4 PRESIDENTS DURING EACH YEAR OF THE PE- RIOD.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The designs for the $1 coins issued during each year of the period referred to in paragraph (1) shall be emblem- atic of 4 Presidents until each President has been so honored, subject to paragraph (2)(E). (B) NUMBER OF 4 CIRCULATING COIN DESIGNS IN EACH YEAR.—The Secretary shall pre- scribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of $1 coins that shall be issued with each of the designs selected for each year of the period referred to in paragraph (1). (5) LEGAL TENDER.—The coins minted under this title shall be legal tender, as provided in section 5103. (6) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of section 1 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this subsection shall be consid- ered to be numismatic items. (7) ISSUANCE OF NUMISMATIC COINS.—The Sec- retary may mint and issue such number of $1 coins of each design selected under this sub- section in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (8) TERMINATION OF PROGRAM.—The issuance of coins under this subsection shall terminate when each President has been so honored, sub- ject to paragraph (2)(E), and may not be re- sumed except by an Act of Congress. (9) REVERSION TO PRECEDING DESIGN.—Upon the termination of the issuance of coins under this subsection, the design of all $1 coins shall revert to the so-called ‘‘Sacagawea-design’’ $1 coins. (o) FIRST SPOUSE BULLION COIN PROGRAM.— (1) IN GENERAL.—During the same period de- scribed in subsection (n), the Secretary shall Page 382 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 issue bullion coins under this subsection that are emblematic of the spouse of each such President. (2) SPECIFICATIONS.—The coins issued under this subsection shall— (A) have the same diameter as the $1 coins described in subsection (n); (B) weigh 0.5 ounce; and (C) contain 99.99 percent pure gold. (3) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.— (A) COIN OBVERSE.—The design on the ob- verse of each coin issued under this sub- section shall contain— (i) the name and likeness of a person who was a spouse of a President during the President’s period of service; (ii) an inscription of the years during which such person was the spouse of a President during the President’s period of service; and (iii) a number indicating the order of the period of service in which such President served. (B) COIN REVERSE.—The design on the re- verse of each coin issued under this sub- section shall bear— (i) images emblematic of the life and work of the First Spouse whose image is borne on the obverse; and (ii) the inscription ‘‘United States of America’’. (C) DESIGNATED DENOMINATION.—Each coin issued under this subsection shall bear, on the reverse, an inscription of the nominal denomination of the coin which shall be ‘‘$10’’. (D) DESIGN IN CASE OF NO FIRST SPOUSE.—In the case of any President who served with- out a spouse— (i) the image on the obverse of the bul- lion coin corresponding to the $1 coin re- lating to such President shall be an image emblematic of the concept of ‘‘Liberty’’— (I) as represented on a United States coin issued during the period of service of such President; or (II) as represented, in the case of Presi- dent Chester Alan Arthur, by a design incorporating the name and likeness of Alice Paul, a leading strategist in the suffrage movement, who was instru- mental in gaining women the right to vote upon the adoption of the 19th amendment and thus the ability to par- ticipate in the election of future Presi- dents, and who was born on January 11, 1885, during the term of President Ar- thur; and (ii) the reverse of such bullion coin shall be of a design representative of themes of such President, except that in the case of the bullion coin referred to in clause (i)(II) the reverse of such coin shall be represent- ative of the suffrage movement. (E) DESIGN AND COIN FOR EACH SPOUSE.—A separate coin shall be designed and issued under this section for each person who was the spouse of a President during any portion of a term of office of such President. (F) INSCRIPTIONS.—Each bullion coin issued under this subsection shall bear the inscrip- tion of the year of minting or issuance of the coin and such other inscriptions as the Sec- retary may determine to be appropriate. (4) SALE OF BULLION COINS.—Each bullion coin issued under this subsection shall be sold by the Secretary at a price that is equal to or greater than the sum of— (A) the face value of the coins; and (B) the cost of designing and issuing the coins (including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, overhead expenses, marketing, and shipping). (5) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING FIRST SPOUSES.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The bullion coins issued under this subsection with respect to any spouse of a President shall be issued on the same schedule as the $1 coin issued under subsection (n) with respect to each such President. (B) MAXIMUM NUMBER OF BULLION COINS FOR EACH DESIGN.—The Secretary shall— (i) prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appro- priate, the maximum number of bullion coins that shall be issued with each of the designs selected under this subsection; and (ii) announce, before the issuance of the bullion coins of each such design, the max- imum number of bullion coins of that de- sign that will be issued. (C) TERMINATION OF PROGRAM.—No bullion coin may be issued under this subsection after the termination, in accordance with subsection (n)(8), of the $1 coin program es- tablished under subsection (n). (6) QUALITY OF COINS.—The bullion coins minted under this Act shall be issued in both proof and uncirculated qualities. (7) SOURCE OF GOLD BULLION.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall ac- quire gold for the coins issued under this subsection by purchase of gold mined from natural deposits in the United States, or in a territory or possession of the United States, within 1 year after the month in which the ore from which it is derived was mined. (B) PRICE OF GOLD.—The Secretary shall pay not more than the average world price for the gold mined under subparagraph (A). (8) BRONZE MEDALS.—The Secretary may strike and sell bronze medals that bear the likeness of the bullion coins authorized under this subsection, at a price, size, and weight, and with such inscriptions, as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (9) LEGAL TENDER.—The coins minted under this title shall be legal tender, as provided in section 5103. (10) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of section 1 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this subsection shall be consid- ered to be numismatic items. (p) REMOVAL OF BARRIERS TO CIRCULATION OF $1 COIN.— Page 383 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 2 So in original. The comma probably should not appear. (1) ACCEPTANCE BY AGENCIES AND INSTRUMEN- TALITIES.—Beginning January 1, 2006, all agen- cies and instrumentalities of the United States, the United States Postal Service, all nonappropriated fund instrumentalities estab- lished under title 10, and all transit systems that receive operational subsidies or any dis- bursement of funds from the Federal Govern- ment, such as funds from the Federal Highway Trust Fund, including the Mass Transit Ac- count, shall take such action as may be appro- priate to ensure that by the end of the 2-year period beginning on such date— (A) any business operations conducted by any such agency, instrumentality, system, or entity that involve coins or currency will be fully capable of— (i) accepting $1 coins in connection with such operations; and (ii) other than vending machines that do not receive currency denominations higher than $1, dispensing $1 coins in connection with such operations; and (B) display signs and notices denoting such capability on the premises where coins or currency are accepted or dispensed, includ- ing on each vending machine. This paragraph does not apply with respect to business operations conducted by any entity under a contract with an agency or instrumen- tality of the United States, including with any nonappropriated fund instrumentality estab- lished under title 10. (2) PUBLICITY.—The Director of the United States Mint,2 shall work closely with con- sumer groups, media outlets, and schools to ensure an adequate amount of news coverage, and other means of increasing public aware- ness, of the inauguration of the Presidential $1 Coin Program established in subsection (n) to ensure that consumers know of the avail- ability of the coin. (3) COORDINATION.—The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the Sec- retary shall take steps to ensure that an ade- quate supply of $1 coins is available for com- merce and collectors at such places and in such quantities as are appropriate by— (A) consulting, to accurately gauge de- mand for coins and to anticipate and elimi- nate obstacles to the easy and efficient dis- tribution and circulation of $1 coins as well as all other circulating coins, from time to time but no less frequently than annually, with a coin users group, which may in- clude— (i) representatives of merchants who would benefit from the increased usage of $1 coins; (ii) vending machine and other coin ac- ceptor manufacturers; (iii) vending machine owners and opera- tors; (iv) transit officials; (v) municipal parking officials; (vi) depository institutions; (vii) coin and currency handlers; (viii) armored-car operators; (ix) car wash operators; and (x) coin collectors and dealers; (B) submitting an annual report to the Congress containing— (i) an assessment of the remaining obsta- cles to the efficient and timely circulation of coins, particularly $1 coins; (ii) an assessment of the extent to which the goals of subparagraph (C) are being met; and (iii) such recommendations for legisla- tive action the Board and the Secretary may determine to be appropriate; (C) consulting with industry representa- tives to encourage operators of vending ma- chines and other automated coin-accepting devices in the United States to accept coins issued under the Presidential $1 Coin Pro- gram established under subsection (n) and any coins bearing any design in effect before the issuance of coins required under sub- section (n) (including the so-called ‘‘Sacagawea-design’’ $1 coins), and to include notices on the machines and devices of such acceptability; (D) ensuring that— (i) during an introductory period, all in- stitutions that want unmixed supplies of each newly-issued design of $1 coins mint- ed under subsections (n) and (o) are able to obtain such unmixed supplies; and (ii) circulating coins will be available for ordinary commerce in packaging of sizes and types appropriate for and useful to or- dinary commerce, including rolled coins; (E) working closely with any agency, in- strumentality, system, or entity referred to in paragraph (1) to facilitate compliance with the requirements of such paragraph; and (F) identifying, analyzing, and overcoming barriers to the robust circulation of $1 coins minted under subsections (n) and (o), includ- ing the use of demand prediction, improved methods of distribution and circulation, and improved public education and awareness campaigns. (4) BULLION DEALERS.—The Director of the United States Mint shall take all steps nec- essary to ensure that a maximum number of reputable, reliable, and responsible dealers are qualified to offer for sale all bullion coins struck and issued by the United States Mint. (5) REVIEW OF CO-CIRCULATION.—At such time as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, and after consultation with the Board of Gov- ernors of the Federal Reserve System, the Sec- retary shall notify the Congress of its assess- ment of issues related to the co-circulation of any circulating $1 coin bearing any design, other than the so-called ‘‘Sacagawea-design’’ $1 coin, in effect before the issuance of coins required under subsection (n), including the ef- fect of co-circulation on the acceptance and use of $1 coins, and make recommendations to the Congress for improving the circulation of $1 coins. (q) GOLD BULLION COINS.— (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 6 months after the date of enactment of the Presidential Page 384 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 $1 Coin Act of 2005, the Secretary shall com- mence striking and issuing for sale such num- ber of $50 gold bullion and proof coins as the Secretary may determine to be appropriate, in such quantities, as the Secretary, in the Sec- retary’s discretion, may prescribe. (2) INITIAL DESIGN.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided under subparagraph (B), the obverse and reverse of the gold bullion coins struck under this sub- section during the first year of issuance shall bear the original designs by James Earle Fraser, which appear on the 5-cent coin commonly referred to as the ‘‘Buffalo nickel’’ or the ‘‘1913 Type 1’’. (B) VARIATIONS.—The coins referred to in subparagraph (A) shall— (i) have inscriptions of the weight of the coin and the nominal denomination of the coin incused in that portion of the design on the reverse of the coin commonly known as the ‘‘grassy mound’’; and (ii) bear such other inscriptions as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (3) SOURCE OF GOLD BULLION.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall ac- quire gold for the coins issued under this subsection by purchase of gold mined from natural deposits in the United States, or in a territory or possession of the United States, within 1 year after the month in which the ore from which it is derived was mined. (B) PRICE OF GOLD.—The Secretary shall pay not more than the average world price for the gold mined under subparagraph (A). (4) SALE OF COINS.—Each gold bullion coin issued under this subsection shall be sold for an amount the Secretary determines to be ap- propriate, but not less than the sum of— (A) the market value of the bullion at the time of sale; and (B) the cost of designing and issuing the coins, including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, overhead expenses, marketing, and shipping. (5) LEGAL TENDER.—The coins minted under this title shall be legal tender, as provided in section 5103. (6) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of section 1 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this subsection shall be consid- ered to be numismatic items. (r) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF CIRCULATING $1 COINS HONORING NATIVE AMERICANS AND THE IM- PORTANT CONTRIBUTIONS MADE BY INDIAN TRIBES AND INDIVIDUAL NATIVE AMERICANS IN UNITED STATES HISTORY.— (1) REDESIGN BEGINNING IN 2008.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Effective beginning Jan- uary 1, 2008, notwithstanding subsection (d), in addition to the coins to be issued pursu- ant to subsection (n), and in accordance with this subsection, the Secretary shall mint and issue $1 coins that— (i) have as the designs on the obverse the so-called ‘‘Sacagawea design’’; and (ii) have a design on the reverse selected in accordance with paragraph (2)(A), sub- ject to paragraph (3)(A). (B) DELAYED DATE.—If the date of the en- actment of the Native American $1 Coin Act is after August 25, 2007, subparagraph (A) shall be applied by substituting ‘‘2009’’ for ‘‘2008’’. (2) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.—The $1 coins issued in accordance with paragraph (1) shall meet the following design requirements: (A) COIN REVERSE.—The design on the re- verse shall bear— (i) images celebrating the important contributions made by Indian tribes and individual Native Americans to the devel- opment of the United States and the his- tory of the United States; (ii) the inscription ‘‘$1’’; and (iii) the inscription ‘‘United States of America’’. (B) COIN OBVERSE.—The design on the ob- verse shall— (i) be chosen by the Secretary, after con- sultation with the Commission of Fine Arts and review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee; and (ii) contain the so-called ‘‘Sacagawea de- sign’’ and the inscription ‘‘Liberty’’. (C) EDGE-INCUSED INSCRIPTIONS.— (i) IN GENERAL.—The inscription of the year of minting and issuance of the coin and the inscription ‘‘E Pluribus Unum’’ shall be edge-incused into the coin. (ii) PRESERVATION OF DISTINCTIVE EDGE.— The edge-incusing of the inscriptions under clause (i) on coins issued under this subsection shall be done in a manner that preserves the distinctive edge of the coin so that the denomination of the coin is readily discernible, including by individ- uals who are blind or visually impaired. (D) REVERSE DESIGN SELECTION.—The de- signs selected for the reverse of the coins de- scribed under this subsection— (i) shall be chosen by the Secretary after consultation with the Committee on In- dian Affairs of the Senate, the Congres- sional Native American Caucus of the House of Representatives, the Commission of Fine Arts, and the National Congress of American Indians; (ii) shall be reviewed by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee; (iii) may depict individuals and events such as— (I) the creation of Cherokee written language; (II) the Iroquois Confederacy; (III) Wampanoag Chief Massasoit; (IV) the ‘‘Pueblo Revolt’’; (V) Olympian Jim Thorpe; (VI) Ely S. Parker, a general on the staff of General Ulysses S. Grant and later head of the Bureau of Indian Af- fairs; and (VII) code talkers who served the United States Armed Forces during World War I and World War II; and (iv) in the case of a design depicting the contribution of an individual Native Amer- ican to the development of the United Page 385 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 States and the history of the United States, shall not depict the individual in a size such that the coin could be considered to be a ‘‘2-headed’’ coin. (E) INSCRIPTION OF ‘‘IN GOD WE TRUST’’.— The design on the obverse or the reverse shall bear the inscription ‘‘In God We Trust’’. (3) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING 1 NA- TIVE AMERICAN EVENT DURING EACH YEAR.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Each design for the re- verse of the $1 coins issued during each year shall be emblematic of 1 important Native American or Native American contribution each year. (B) ISSUANCE PERIOD.—Each $1 coin minted with a design on the reverse in accordance with this subsection for any year shall be issued during the 1-year period beginning on January 1 of that year and shall be available throughout the entire 1-year period. (C) ORDER OF ISSUANCE OF DESIGNS.—Each coin issued under this subsection commemo- rating Native Americans and their contribu- tions— (i) shall be issued, to the maximum ex- tent practicable, in the chronological order in which the Native Americans lived or the events occurred, until the termi- nation of the coin program described in subsection (n); and (ii) thereafter shall be issued in any order determined to be appropriate by the Secretary, after consultation with the Committee on Indian Affairs of the Sen- ate, the Congressional Native American Caucus of the House of Representatives, and the National Congress of American In- dians. (4) ISSUANCE OF NUMISMATIC COINS.—The Sec- retary may mint and issue such number of $1 coins of each design selected under this sub- section in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (5) QUANTITY.—The number of $1 coins mint- ed and issued in a year with the Sacagawea-de- sign on the obverse shall be not less than 20 percent of the total number of $1 coins minted and issued in such year. (s) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF CIRCULATING QUARTER DOLLAR HONORING THE DISTRICT OF CO- LUMBIA AND EACH OF THE TERRITORIES.— (1) REDESIGN IN 2009.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding the fourth sentence of subsection (d)(1) and sub- section (d)(2) and subject to paragraph (6)(B), quarter dollar coins issued during 2009, shall have designs on the reverse side selected in accordance with this subsection which are emblematic of the District of Columbia and the territories. (B) FLEXIBILITY WITH REGARD TO PLACE- MENT OF INSCRIPTIONS.—Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may select a design for quarter dollars issued during 2009 in which— (i) the inscription described in the sec- ond sentence of subsection (d)(1) appears on the reverse side of any such quarter dol- lars; and (ii) any inscription described in the third sentence of subsection (d)(1) or the des- ignation of the value of the coin appears on the obverse side of any such quarter dollars. (2) SINGLE DISTRICT OR TERRITORY DESIGN.— The design on the reverse side of each quarter dollar issued during 2009 shall be emblematic of one of the following: The District of Colum- bia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Is- lands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. (3) SELECTION OF DESIGN.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Each of the 6 designs re- quired under this subsection for quarter dol- lars shall be— (i) selected by the Secretary after con- sultation with— (I) the chief executive of the District of Columbia or the territory being honored, or such other officials or group as the chief executive officer of the District of Columbia or the territory may designate for such purpose; and (II) the Commission of Fine Arts; and (ii) reviewed by the Citizens Coinage Ad- visory Committee. (B) SELECTION AND APPROVAL PROCESS.— Designs for quarter dollars may be sub- mitted in accordance with the design selec- tion and approval process developed by the Secretary in the sole discretion of the Sec- retary. (C) PARTICIPATION.—The Secretary may in- clude participation by District or territorial officials, artists from the District of Colum- bia or the territory, engravers of the United States Mint, and members of the general public. (D) STANDARDS.—Because it is important that the Nation’s coinage and currency bear dignified designs of which the citizens of the United States can be proud, the Secretary shall not select any frivolous or inappro- priate design for any quarter dollar minted under this subsection. (E) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN REPRESENTA- TIONS.—No head and shoulders portrait or bust of any person, living or dead, and no portrait of a living person may be included in the design of any quarter dollar under this subsection. (4) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this subsection shall be consid- ered to be numismatic items. (5) ISSUANCE.— (A) QUALITY OF COINS.—The Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dol- lars of each design selected under paragraph (3) in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (B) SILVER COINS.—Notwithstanding sub- section (b), the Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (3) as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, with a content of 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper. Page 386 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 (C) TIMING AND ORDER OF ISSUANCE.—Coins minted under this subsection honoring the District of Columbia and each of the terri- tories shall be issued in equal sequential in- tervals during 2009 in the following order: the District of Columbia, the Common- wealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. (6) OTHER PROVISIONS.— (A) APPLICATION IN EVENT OF ADMISSION AS A STATE.—If the District of Columbia or any territory becomes a State before the end of the 10-year period referred to in subsection (l)(1), subsection (l)(7) shall apply, and this subsection shall not apply, with respect to such State. (B) APPLICATION IN EVENT OF INDEPEND- ENCE.—If any territory becomes independent or otherwise ceases to be a territory or pos- session of the United States before quarter dollars bearing designs which are emblem- atic of such territory are minted pursuant to this subsection, this subsection shall cease to apply with respect to such territory. (7) TERRITORY DEFINED.—For purposes of this subsection, the term ‘‘territory’’ means the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, Amer- ican Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mar- iana Islands. (t) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF QUARTER DOL- LARS EMBLEMATIC OF NATIONAL SITES IN EACH STATE, THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, AND EACH TERRITORY.— (1) REDESIGN BEGINNING UPON COMPLETION OF PRIOR PROGRAM.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding the fourth sentence of subsection (d)(1) and sub- section (d)(2), quarter dollars issued begin- ning in 2010 shall have designs on the reverse selected in accordance with this subsection which are emblematic of the national sites in the States, the District of Columbia and the territories of the United States. (B) FLEXIBILITY WITH REGARD TO PLACE- MENT OF INSCRIPTIONS.—Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may select a design for quarter dollars referred to in sub- paragraph (A) in which— (i) the inscription described in the sec- ond sentence of subsection (d)(1) appears on the reverse side of any such quarter dol- lars; and (ii) any inscription described in the third sentence of subsection (d)(1) or the des- ignation of the value of the coin appears on the obverse side of any such quarter dollars. (C) INCLUSION OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, AND TERRITORIES.—For purposes of this sub- section, the term ‘‘State’’ has the same meaning as in section 3(a)(3) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act. (2) SINGLE SITE IN EACH STATE.—The design on the reverse side of each quarter dollar issued during the period of issuance under this subsection shall be emblematic of 1 national site in each State. (3) SELECTION OF SITE AND DESIGN.— (A) SITE.— (i) IN GENERAL.—The selection of a na- tional park or other national site in each State to be honored with a coin under this subsection shall be made by the Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the Secretary of the Interior and the gov- ernor or other chief executive of each State with respect to which a coin is to be issued under this subsection, and after giv- ing full and thoughtful consideration to national sites that are not under the juris- diction of the Secretary of the Interior so that the national site chosen for each State shall be the most appropriate in terms of natural or historic significance. (ii) TIMING.—The selection process under clause (i) shall be completed before the end of the 270-day period beginning on the date of the enactment of the America’s Beau- tiful National Parks Quarter Dollar Coin Act of 2008. (B) DESIGN.—Each of the designs required under this subsection for quarter dollars shall be— (i) selected by the Secretary after con- sultation with— (I) the Secretary of the Interior; and (II) the Commission of Fine Arts; and (ii) reviewed by the Citizens Coinage Ad- visory Committee. (C) SELECTION AND APPROVAL PROCESS.— Recommendations for site selections and de- signs for quarter dollars may be submitted in accordance with the site and design selec- tion and approval process developed by the Secretary in the sole discretion of the Sec- retary. (D) PARTICIPATION IN DESIGN.—The Sec- retary may include participation by officials of the State, artists from the State, engrav- ers of the United States Mint, and members of the general public. (E) STANDARDS.—Because it is important that the Nation’s coinage and currency bear dignified designs of which the citizens of the United States can be proud, the Secretary shall not select any frivolous or inappro- priate design for any quarter dollar minted under this subsection. (F) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN REPRESENTA- TIONS.—No head and shoulders portrait or bust of any person, living or dead, no por- trait of a living person, and no outline or map of a State may be included in the design on the reverse of any quarter dollar under this subsection. (4) ISSUANCE OF COINS.— (A) ORDER OF ISSUANCE.—The quarter dol- lar coins issued under this subsection bear- ing designs of national sites shall be issued in the order in which the sites selected under paragraph (3) were first established as a na- tional site. (B) RATE OF ISSUANCE.—The quarter dollar coins bearing designs of national sites under this subsection shall be issued at the rate of 5 new designs during each year of the period of issuance under this subsection. Page 387 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 (C) NUMBER OF EACH OF 5 COIN DESIGNS IN EACH YEAR.—Of the quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the period of issuance, the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of quarter dollars which shall be issued with each of the designs selected for such year. (5) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this subsection shall be consid- ered to be numismatic items. (6) ISSUANCE.— (A) QUALITY OF COINS.—The Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dol- lars of each design selected under paragraph (3) in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (B) SILVER COINS.—Notwithstanding sub- section (b), the Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (3) as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, with a content of not less than 90 percent silver. (7) PERIOD OF ISSUANCE.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Subject to paragraph (2), the program established under this sub- section shall continue in effect until a na- tional site in each State has been honored. (B) SECOND ROUND AT DISCRETION OF SEC- RETARY.— (i) DETERMINATION.—The Secretary may make a determination before the end of the 9-year period beginning when the first quarter dollar is issued under this sub- section to continue the period of issuance until a second national site in each State, the District of Columbia, and each terri- tory referred to in this subsection has been honored with a design on a quarter dollar. (ii) NOTICE AND REPORT.—Within 30 days after making a determination under clause (i), the Secretary shall submit a written report on such determination to the Com- mittee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate. (iii) APPLICABILITY OF PROVISIONS.—If the Secretary makes a determination under clause (i), the provisions of this subsection applicable to site and design selection and approval, the order, timing, and conditions of issuance shall apply in like manner as the initial issuance of quarter dollars under this subsection, except that the issuance of quarter dollars pursuant to such determination bearing the first de- sign shall commence in order immediately following the last issuance of quarter dol- lars under the first round. (iv) CONTINUATION UNTIL ALL STATES ARE HONORED.—If the Secretary makes a deter- mination under clause (i), the program under this subsection shall continue until a second site in each State has been so honored. (8) DESIGNS AFTER END OF PROGRAM.—Upon the completion of the coin program under this subsection, the design on— (A) the obverse of the quarter dollar shall revert to the same design containing an image of President Washington in effect for the quarter dollar before the institution of the 50-State quarter dollar program; and (B) notwithstanding the fourth sentence of subsection (d)(1), the reverse of the quarter dollar shall contain an image of General Washington crossing the Delaware River prior to the Battle of Trenton. (9) NATIONAL SITE.—For purposes of this sub- section, the term ‘‘national site’’ means any site under the supervision, management, or conservancy of the National Park Service, the United States Forest Service, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, or any simi- lar department or agency of the Federal Gov- ernment, including any national park, na- tional monument, national battlefield, na- tional military park, national historical park, national historic site, national lakeshore, sea- shore, recreation area, parkway, scenic river, or trail and any site in the National Wildlife Refuge System. (10) APPLICATION IN EVENT OF INDEPEND- ENCE.—If any territory becomes independent or otherwise ceases to be a territory or posses- sion of the United States before quarter dol- lars bearing designs which are emblematic of such territory are minted pursuant to this subsection, this subsection shall cease to apply with respect to such territory. (u) SILVER BULLION INVESTMENT PRODUCT.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is authorized to strike and make available for sale such number of bullion coins as the Secretary de- termines to be appropriate that feature the de- signs of the quarter dollars and half dollars issued under subsections (x), (y), and (z), that— (A) have a diameter of 3.0 inches and weigh 5.0 ounces; (B) contain .999 fine silver; (C) have incused into the edge the fineness and weight of the bullion coin; and (D) bear an inscription of the denomina- tion of such coins, such denominations to be determined by the Secretary as the Sec- retary determines to be appropriate. (2) FRACTIONALS.—The Secretary is author- ized to mint and issue so-called ‘‘fractional’’ silver bullion coins bearing the designs of the quarter dollars and half dollars issued under subsections (x), (y), and (z) in sizes, weights, fineness, and denominations, and with inscrip- tions, that the Secretary determines to be ap- propriate. (3) AVAILABILITY FOR SALE.—Should the Sec- retary exercise the Secretary’s discretion to strike bullion coins under this subsection, the bullion coins minted under paragraph (1) shall become available for sale no sooner than the first day of the calendar year in which the cor- responding circulating quarter dollar or half dollar is issued. (4) CONTINUITY.—Until the conclusion of the quarter dollar program authorized under sub- Page 388 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 3 So in original. section (t), the Secretary shall strike and make available for sale such number of bullion coins as the Secretary determines to be appro- priate that are likenesses of the quarter dol- lars issued under subsection (t). (v) PALLADIUM BULLION INVESTMENT COINS.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary shall mint and issue the palladium coins described in paragraph (12) of subsection (a) in such quan- tities as the Secretary may determine to be appropriate to meet demand. (2) SOURCE OF BULLION.— (A) IN GENERAL.—To the greatest extent possible, the Secretary shall acquire bullion for the palladium coins issued under this subsection by purchase of palladium mined from natural deposits in the United States, or in a territory or possession of the United States, within 1 year after the month in which the ore from which it is derived was mined. If no such palladium is available or if it is not economically feasible to obtain such palladium, the Secretary may obtain palladium for the palladium coins described in paragraph (12) of subsection (a) from other available sources. (B) PRICE OF BULLION.—The Secretary shall pay not more than the average world price for the palladium under subparagraph (A). (3) SALE OF COINS.—Each coin issued under this subsection shall be sold for an amount the Secretary determines to be appropriate, but not less than the sum of— (A) the market value of the bullion at the time of sale; and (B) the cost of designing and issuing the coins, including labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, overhead expenses, marketing, distribution, and shipping. (4) TREATMENT.—For purposes of section 5134 and 5136, all coins minted under this sub- section shall be considered to be numismatic items. (5) QUALITY.—The Secretary may issue col- lectible versions of the coins described in para- graph (1) in both proof and uncirculated versions, except that, should the Secretary de- termine that it is appropriate to issue proof or uncirculated versions of such coin, the Sec- retary shall, to the greatest extent possible, ensure that the surface treatment of each year’s proof or uncirculated version differs in some material way from that of the preceding year. (6) DESIGN.—Coins minted and issued under this subsection shall bear designs on the ob- verse and reverse that are close likenesses of the work of famed American coin designer and medallic artist Adolph Alexander Weinman— (A) the obverse shall bear a high-relief likeness of the ‘‘Winged Liberty’’ design used on the obverse of the so-called ‘‘Mer- cury dime’’; (B) the reverse shall bear a high-relief version of the reverse design of the 1907 American Institute of Architects medal; and (C) the coin shall bear such other inscrip- tions, including ‘‘Liberty’’, ‘‘In God We Trust’’, ‘‘United States of America’’, the de- nomination and weight of the coin and the fineness of the metal, as the Secretary de- termines to be appropriate and in keeping with the original design. (7) MINT FACILITY.—Any United States mint, other than the United States Mint at West Point, New York, may be used to strike coins minted under this subsection other than any proof version of any such coin. If the Sec- retary determines that it is appropriate to issue any proof version of such coin, coins of such version shall be struck only at the United States Mint at West Point, New York. (w) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF $1 COINS HON- ORING INNOVATION AND INNOVATORS FROM EACH STATE, THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, AND EACH TERRITORY.— (1) REDESIGN BEGINNING IN 2019.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding sub- section (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2) and in ac- cordance with the provisions of this sub- section, during the 14-year period beginning on January 1, 2019 (or such later date as pro- vided under subparagraph (B)(ii)), the Sec- retary of the Treasury shall mint and issue $1 coins to be known as ‘‘American Innova- tion $1 coins’’, that— (i) have designs on the obverse selected in accordance with paragraph (2)(A); and (ii) have a design on the reverse selected in accordance with paragraph (2)(B). (B) CONTINUITY PROVISIONS.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Notwithstanding sub- paragraph (A), the Secretary shall con- tinue to mint and issue $1 coins honoring Native Americans and their contributions in accordance with subsection (r). (ii) FIRST COIN.—Notwithstanding sub- paragraph (A), if the Secretary finds that it is feasible and cost-effective, the Sec- retary may mint and issue a $1 coin in 2018 to introduce the series of coins described in this subsection, that— (I) has the obverse described under paragraph (2)(A); (II) has a reverse that bears the in- scription ‘‘United States of America’’ and ‘‘American Innovators’’ and a rep- resentation of the signature of President George Washington on the first United States patent issued; (III) has the edge-incusing described under paragraph (2)(C); and (IV) the design for which has reviewed by 3 the Citizens Coinage Advisory Com- mittee. (C) DEFINITION OF TERRITORY.—For pur- poses of this subsection, the term ‘‘terri- tory’’ means the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Common- wealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. (2) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.—Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2), the $1 coins issued in accordance with paragraph (1)(A) shall meet the following design require- ments: Page 389 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 (A) COIN OBVERSE.—The common design on the obverse of each coin issued under this subsection shall contain— (i) a likeness of the Statue of Liberty ex- tending to the rim of the coin and large enough to provide a dramatic representa- tion of Liberty; (ii) the inscription ‘‘$1’’; and (iii) the inscription ‘‘In God We Trust’’. (B) COIN REVERSE.—The design on the re- verse of each coin issued under this sub- section shall bear the following: (i) An image or images emblematic of one of the following from one of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, or the territories of the United States: (I) A significant innovation. (II) An innovator. (III) A group of innovators. (ii) The name of the State, the District of Columbia, or territory, as applicable. (iii) The inscription ‘‘United States of America’’. (C) EDGE-INCUSED INSCRIPTIONS.— (i) IN GENERAL.—The inscription of the year of minting or issuance of the coin, the mint mark, and the inscription ‘‘E Pluribus Unum’’ shall be edge-incused into the coin. (ii) PRESERVATION OF DISTINCTIVE EDGE.— The edge-incusing of the inscriptions under clause (i) on coins issued under this subsection shall be done in a manner that preserves the distinctive edge of the coin so that the denomination of the coin is readily discernible, including by individ- uals who are blind or visually impaired. (3) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING INNO- VATION OR INNOVATORS.— (A) ORDER OF ISSUANCE.— (i) IN GENERAL.—The coins issued under this subsection commemorating either an innovation, an individual innovator, or a group of innovators, from each State, the District of Columbia, or a territory shall be issued in the following order: (I) STATE.—With respect to each State, the coins shall be issued in the order in which the States ratified the Constitu- tion of the United States or were admit- ted into the Union, as the case may be. (II) DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA AND TERRI- TORIES.—After all coins are issued under subclause (I), the coins shall be issued for the District of Columbia and the ter- ritories in the following order: the Dis- trict of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, American Samoa, the United States Virgin Islands, and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands. (ii) APPLICATION IN EVENT OF THE ADMIS- SION OF ADDITIONAL STATES.—Notwith- standing clause (i), if any additional State is admitted into the Union before the end of the 14-year period referred to in para- graph (1), the Secretary of the Treasury may issue a $1 coin with respect to the ad- ditional State in accordance with clause (i)(I). (iii) APPLICATION IN THE EVENT OF INDE- PENDENCE OR ADDING OF A TERRITORY.—Not- withstanding clause (i)— (I) if any territory becomes inde- pendent or otherwise ceases to be a terri- tory of the United States before $1 coins are minted pursuant to this subsection, the subsection shall cease to apply with respect to such territory; and (II) if any new territory is added to the United States, $1 coins shall be issued for such territories in the order in which the new the territories are added, beginning after the $1 coin is issued for the Com- monwealth of the Northern Mariana Is- lands. (B) ISSUANCE OF COINS COMMEMORATING FOUR INNOVATIONS OR INNOVATORS DURING EACH OF 14 YEARS.— (i) IN GENERAL.—Four $1 coin designs as described in this subsection shall be issued during each year of the period referred to in paragraph (1) until 1 coin featuring 1 in- novation, an individual innovator, or a group of innovators, from each of the States, the District of Columbia, and terri- tories has been issued. (ii) NUMBER OF COINS OF EACH DESIGN.— The Secretary shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary deter- mines to be appropriate, the number of $1 coins that shall be issued with each of the designs selected for each year of the period referred to in paragraph (1). (4) SELECTION OF CONCEPT AND DESIGN.— (A) CONCEPT.—With respect to each State, the District of Columbia, and each territory to be honored with a coin under this sub- section, the selection of the significant inno- vation, innovator, or group of innovators to be borne on the reverse of such coin shall be made by the Secretary of the Treasury, after consultation with the Governor or other chief executive of the State, the District of Columbia, or territory with respect to which a coin is to be issued under this subsection. (B) DESIGN.—Each of the designs required under this subsection shall be selected by the Secretary after— (i) consultation with— (I) the Governor or other chief execu- tive of the State, the District of Colum- bia, or territory with respect to which a coin is to be issued under this sub- section; and (II) the Commission of Fine Arts; and (ii) review by the Citizens Coinage Advi- sory Committee. (C) SELECTION AND APPROVAL PROCESS.— Proposals for designs for $1 coins under this subsection may be submitted in accordance with the design selection and approval proc- ess developed by the Secretary in the sole discretion of the Secretary. (D) STANDARDS.—Because it is important that the Nation’s coinage and currency bear dignified designs of which the citizens of the United States can be proud, the Secretary shall not select any frivolous or inappro- Page 390 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 priate design for any $1 coin minted under this subsection. (E) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN REPRESENTA- TIONS.—No head and shoulders portrait or bust of any person and no portrait of a living person may be included in the design of any coin issued under this subsection. (5) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136, all $1 coins minted under this subsection shall be consid- ered to be numismatic items. (6) ISSUANCE OF NUMISMATIC COINS.—The Sec- retary may mint and issue such number of $1 coins of each design selected under this sub- section in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (7) TERMINATION OF PROGRAM.—The issuance of coins under this subsection shall terminate when one innovation, an individual innovator, or a group of innovators, from each State, the District of Columbia, and each territory has been honored and may not be resumed except by an Act of Congress. (x) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF QUARTER DOL- LARS EMBLEMATIC OF PROMINENT AMERICAN WOMEN AND COMMEMORATING THE 19TH AMEND- MENT.— (1) REDESIGN OF QUARTER DOLLARS BEGINNING IN 2022.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Effective beginning Jan- uary 1, 2022, notwithstanding the fourth sen- tence of subsection (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2), the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue quarter dollars that have designs on the reverse selected in accordance with this subsection which are emblematic of the ac- complishment of a prominent American woman. (B) FLEXIBILITY WITH REGARD TO PLACE- MENT OF INSCRIPTIONS.—Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may select a design for quarter dollars referred to in sub- paragraph (A) in which— (i) the inscription described in the sec- ond sentence of subsection (d)(1) appears on the reverse side of any such quarter dol- lar; and (ii) any of the inscriptions described in the third sentence of subsection (d)(1) or the designation of the value of the coin ap- pear on the obverse side of any such quar- ter dollar. (C) SINGLE PROMINENT AMERICAN WOMAN ON EACH QUARTER DOLLAR.—The design on the reverse side of each quarter dollar issued under this subsection shall be emblematic of the accomplishments and contributions of one prominent woman of the United States, and may include contributions to the United States in a wide spectrum of accomplish- ments and fields, including but not limited to suffrage, civil rights, abolition, govern- ment, humanities, science, space, and arts, and should honor women from ethnically, racially, and geographically diverse back- grounds. (D) ISSUANCE OF QUARTER DOLLARS EMBLEM- ATIC OF UP TO FIVE PROMINENT AMERICAN WOMEN EACH YEAR.—The designs for the quarter dollars issued during each year of the period of issuance described under para- graph (4) shall be emblematic of up to five prominent American women. (E) SELECTION OF PROMINENT AMERICAN WOMEN GENERALLY.—The selection of a prominent American woman to be featured under this subsection shall be made by the Secretary— (i) in accordance with a selection process developed by the Secretary; (ii) after soliciting recommendations from the general public for prominent women designs for quarter dollars; and (iii) in consultation with the Smithso- nian Institution American Women’s His- tory Initiative, National Women’s History Museum, and the Bipartisan Women’s Cau- cus. (2) DESIGN GENERALLY.—The coins issued in accordance with this subsection shall meet the following design requirements— (A) IN GENERAL.—All designs under this subsection shall be selected by the Sec- retary, after consultation with the Commis- sion of Fine Arts and review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee. (B) OBVERSE.—The design on the obverse of the quarter dollars shall maintain a likeness of George Washington, and be designed in a manner, such as with incused inscriptions, so as to distinguish it from the obverse de- sign used during the previous quarters pro- gram. (3) ISSUANCE OF COINS.—The Secretary shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of new designs during each year of the period of issuance, and the number of coins which shall be issued with each of the designs selected for such year. (4) PERIOD OF ISSUANCE.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The program established under this subsection shall continue in ef- fect until the end of 2025. (B) CONTINUITY.—After 2025, the Secretary may continue to issue coins minted during the program but not yet issued. (y) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF COINS EMBLEM- ATIC OF THE UNITED STATES SEMIQUINCENTENNIAL.— (1) REDESIGN BEGINNING IN 2026.— (A) IN GENERAL.— (i) Notwithstanding the 4th, 5th, and 6th sentences of subsection (d)(1), the Sec- retary may change the design on any of the coins authorized under this section and minted for issuance during the one-year period beginning January 1, 2026, in cele- bration of the United States semiquincentennial. (ii) Notwithstanding the 2nd and 3rd sen- tences of subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may place the required inscriptions on ei- ther the obverse or reverse sides of the coins authorized for redesign under this subsection. (B) QUARTER DOLLARS.—The Secretary may issue quarter dollars in 2026 with up to five different designs emblematic of the United Page 391 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 4 So in original. Probably should be ‘‘this subsection’’. States semiquincentennial. One of the quar- ter dollar designs must be emblematic of a woman’s or women’s contribution to the birth of the Nation or the Declaration of Independence or any other monumental mo- ments in American History. (C) DOLLARS.—The Secretary may, in addi- tion to the coins produced under subsections (r) and (w), mint for issuance during the one- year period beginning January 1, 2026, $1 dol- lar [sic] coins with designs emblematic of the United States semiquincentennial. (D) DESIGNS AFTER END OF THE PROGRAM.— Beginning in 2027, any coin redesigned under this subsection shall revert to the imme- diately previous designs, with the exception of the quarter dollar and the half dollar, which shall bear designs in accordance with subsection (z). (E) REDESIGN DEFINITION.—A redesign au- thorized under this subsection shall not con- stitute a ‘‘change’’ for purposes of sub- section (d)(2). (2) SELECTION OF DESIGNS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Each of the designs au- thorized under this subsection shall be se- lected by the Secretary after consultation with Commission of Fine Arts and review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee. (B) DESIGN SELECTION PROCESS.—Designs shall be developed and selected in accord- ance with the design selection process devel- oped by the Secretary in consultation with the United States Semiquincentennial Com- mission and with recommendations from the general public. (z) REDESIGN AND ISSUANCE OF QUARTER DOL- LARS AND HALF DOLLARS EMBLEMATIC OF SPORTS PLAYED BY AMERICAN YOUTH.— (1) REDESIGN OF QUARTER DOLLARS BEGINNING IN 2027.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Effective beginning Jan- uary 1, 2027, notwithstanding the fourth sen- tence of subsection (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2), the Secretary shall issue quarter dol- lars that have designs on the reverse se- lected in accordance with this subsection which are emblematic of sports played by American youth. (B) FLEXIBILITY WITH REGARD TO PLACE- MENT OF INSCRIPTIONS.—Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may select a design for quarter dollars referred to in sub- paragraph (A) in which— (i) the inscription described in the sec- ond sentence of subsection (d)(1) appears on the reverse side of any such quarter dol- lars; and (ii) any of the inscriptions described in the third sentence of subsection (d)(1) or the designation of the value of the coin ap- pear on the obverse side of any such quar- ter dollars. (C) SINGLE SPORT ON EACH QUARTER DOL- LAR.—The design on the reverse side of each quarter dollar issued under this subsection shall be emblematic of one sport played by American youth. (D) ISSUANCE OF QUARTER DOLLARS EMBLEM- ATIC OF UP TO FIVE SPORTS EACH YEAR.—The designs for the quarter dollars issued during each year of the period referred to in para- graph (5) shall be emblematic of up to five sports. (E) SELECTION OF SPORTS GENERALLY.—The Secretary shall select the sports to be hon- ored during each year of the period referred to in paragraph (5) after appropriate out- reach and consultation with the public. (2) REDESIGN OF HALF DOLLARS BEGINNING IN 2027.— (A) IN GENERAL.—Effective January 1, 2027, notwithstanding the fourth sentence of sub- section (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2), the Sec- retary shall issue half dollars that have de- signs on the reverse selected in accordance with this subsection which are emblematic of a sport tailored to athletes with a range of disabilities, including physical impair- ment, vision impairment and intellectual impairment (referred to in this Act 4 as a ‘‘Paralympic’’ sport). (B) FLEXIBILITY WITH REGARD TO PLACE- MENT OF INSCRIPTIONS.—Notwithstanding subsection (d)(1), the Secretary may select a design for half dollars referred to in subpara- graph (A) in which— (i) the inscription described in the sec- ond sentence of subsection (d)(1) appears on the reverse side of any such half dol- lars; and (ii) any of the inscriptions described in the third sentence of subsection (d)(1) or the designation of the value of the coin ap- pear on the obverse side of any such half dollars. (C) SINGLE PARALYMPIC SPORT ON EACH HALF DOLLAR.—The design on the reverse side of each half dollar issued under this sub- section shall be emblematic of one Paralympic sport. (D) SELECTION OF SPORTS.—The selection of a Paralympic sport to be honored with a half dollar under this subsection shall be made by the Secretary after consultation with U.S. Paralympics. (3) DESIGN GENERALLY.—The coins issued in accordance with this subsection shall meet the following design requirements: (A) IN GENERAL.—All designs under this subsection shall be selected by the Sec- retary, after consultation with the Commis- sion of Fine Arts and review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee. (B) QUARTER DOLLAR OBVERSE.—The design on the obverse of the quarter dollars shall maintain a likeness of George Washington, and be designed in a manner so as to distin- guish it from the obverse design used during the previous quarter dollars program. (C) HALF DOLLAR OBVERSE.—The design on the obverse of the half dollar shall maintain a likeness of John Kennedy, and be designed in a manner so as to distinguish it from the obverse design used on the current half dol- lar. (4) ISSUANCE OF COINS.— Page 392 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 (A) QUARTER DOLLAR.—The quarter dollar coins bearing designs under this subsection shall be issued at the rate of up to 5 new de- signs during each year of the period of issuance described under paragraph (5). (B) HALF DOLLAR.—The half dollar coins bearing designs under this subsection shall be issued at the rate of 1 new design during each year of the period of issuance described under paragraph (5). (5) PERIOD OF ISSUANCE.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The program established under this subsection shall continue in ef- fect until the end of 2030. (B) CONTINUITY.—After the date specified in subparagraph (A), the Secretary may con- tinue to issue coins minted during the pro- gram but not yet issued. (6) ACCOMPANYING SPORTS MEDALS.—For every design of a coin honoring a sport issued under this subsection, the Secretary is author- ized to design and issue one or more accom- panying medals with designs emblematic of the sport honored with the issuance of the coin, and include a surcharge on the sale the medals sold in accordance with this para- graph, in an amount determined by the Sec- retary, in the Secretary’s sole discretion, that may be used for the design and manufacture of the medals described in paragraph (7). (7) OLYMPIC MEDALS.— (A) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary is author- ized to design and manufacture medals for award at the 2028 Olympic Games in Los An- geles, California. (B) WORKING STOCK.—The Secretary may use Treasury working gold and silver stock in the manufacture of the award medals pro- duced under this subsection. (C) OLYMPIC & PARALYMPIC COMMITTEES.— The Secretary may provide the medals de- scribed in this paragraph to the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee under terms and conditions established by the Secretary. (D) COOPERATIVE MARKETING AND PRO- MOTION OPPORTUNITIES.—The Secretary is en- couraged to seek out cooperative marketing and promotion opportunities, including with the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee, LA28, and United States Olym- pic and Paralympic Properties to promote the coins and medals produced under this section. (8) DESIGNS AFTER END OF PROGRAM.—Upon the completion or termination of the coin pro- gram under this subsection, the designs on the quarter dollar and half dollar shall be as fol- lows: (A) QUARTER DOLLAR.— (i) OBVERSE.—The obverse of the quarter dollar shall bear a design containing a likeness of George Washington. (ii) REVERSE.—The reverse of the quarter dollar shall be of a design selected by the Secretary after consultation with the Commission of Fine Arts and review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee. (B) HALF DOLLAR.— (i) OBVERSE.—The obverse of the half dollar shall bear a design containing a likeness of John Kennedy. (ii) REVERSE.—The reverse of the half dollar shall be of a design selected by the Secretary after consultation with the Commission of Fine Arts and review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee. (aa) STANDARDS AND GENERAL PROVISIONS FOR CIRCULATING COLLECTIBLE COINS UNDER SUB- SECTIONS (X), (Y), AND (Z).— (1) PROHIBITION ON CERTAIN REPRESENTA- TIONS.—No head and shoulders portrait or bust of any person, living or dead, and no portrait of a living person may be included in the de- sign on the reverse of any coin under sub- sections (x), (y), and (z). (2) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136, all coins and medals minted under subsections (x), (y), and (z) shall be considered to be numismatic items. (3) ISSUANCE.— (A) QUALITY OF COINS.—The Secretary may mint and issue such number of coins of each design selected under subsections (x), (y), and (z) in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. (B) COORDINATION.—The Board of Gov- ernors of the Federal Reserve System and the Secretary shall take steps to ensure that an adequate supply of coins produced under subsections (x), (y), and (z) are available for commerce and collectors at such places and in such quantities as are appropriate. (C) NUMBER OF EACH COIN DESIGNS IN EACH YEAR.—Of the coins issued during each year of the period of issuance under subsections (x), (y), and (z), the Secretary shall pre- scribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of coins which shall be issued with each of the designs selected for such year. (D) SPECIAL INSCRIPTIONS OR SYMBOL ACROSS THE COINS.—The Secretary is encour- aged to develop and include on any coin issued in accordance with subsections (x), (y), or (z), a unifying inscription, privy mark, or other symbol for that particular coin program. (4) LEGAL TENDER.—The coins minted under subsections (x), (y), and (z) shall be legal ten- der, as provided in section 5103. (5) MARKETING AND EDUCATIONAL CAMPAIGN.— In an effort to advance the collecting of the coins and medals authorized under subsections (x), (y), and (z), and numismatics in general, the Secretary may develop and execute a mar- keting, advertising, promotional, and edu- cational program to promote the collecting of the coins and medals authorized under sub- sections (x), (y), and (z). As part of this pro- gram, the Secretary is encouraged to seek out appropriate cooperative marketing opportuni- ties, and to develop ancillary derivative prod- ucts beyond traditional numismatic products such as sports, women, and youth oriented products appropriate to the particular coin and medal program. (6) QUALITY OF MEDALS.—It is the sense of Congress that the medals authorized under Page 393 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 subsection (z) be produced in high relief and, if feasible and cost effective, with surface treat- ments such as frosting and colorization. (Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 981; Pub. L. 97–452, § 1(20), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2477; Pub. L. 99–61, title II, § 202, July 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 115; Pub. L. 99–185, § 2(a), (b), Dec. 17, 1985, 99 Stat. 1177; Pub. L. 100–274, §§ 4(a), 6, Mar. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 50; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, §§ 226(a), 227, 228, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1630; Pub. L. 103–272, § 4(f)(1)(R), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1362; Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title V, §§ 523, 524, 529(a)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–347 to 3009–349; Pub. L. 105–124, §§ 3, 4(b)–(d), Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2534, 2536; Pub. L. 105–176, May 29, 1998, 112 Stat. 104; Pub. L. 106–445, § 2(b), Nov. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 1931; Pub. L. 108–15, title I, §§ 102, 103(d)(1), Apr. 23, 2003, 117 Stat. 615, 619; Pub. L. 109–145, title I, §§ 102–104, title II, § 201, Dec. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2665–2669, 2672; Pub. L. 110–82, §§ 2, 3, Sept. 20, 2007, 121 Stat. 777, 779; Pub. L. 110–147, Dec. 21, 2007, 121 Stat. 1817; Pub. L. 110–161, div. D, title VI, §§ 622–623(b), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2016, 2018; Pub. L. 110–456, title I, § 102, title II, § 201, Dec. 23, 2008, 122 Stat. 5039, 5042; Pub. L. 111–8, div. D, title VI, § 616, Mar. 11, 2009, 123 Stat. 677; Pub. L. 111–302, §§ 4, 5, Dec. 14, 2010, 124 Stat. 3273; Pub. L. 111–303, § 2, Dec. 14, 2010, 124 Stat. 3275; Pub. L. 114–94, div. G, title LXXIII, § 73001(1), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1785; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title VIII, § 885, Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1505; Pub. L. 115–197, § 2, July 20, 2018, 132 Stat. 1515; Pub. L. 115–232, div. A, title X, § 1081(e)(1), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1986; Pub. L. 116–330, §§ 2–6, Jan. 13, 2021, 134 Stat. 5101–5106.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES 1982 ACT Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 5112(a) ..... 31:317(a)(1st, last sentences). R.S. § 3515(a); Sept. 26, 1890, ch. 945, § 1, 26 Stat. 485; Sept. 5, 1962, Pub. L. 87–643, § 1, 76 Stat. 440; Oct. 11, 1974, Pub. L. 93–441, § 1, 88 Stat. 1261. 31:391(c). July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, § 101(c), 79 Stat. 255; restated Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, § 201, 84 Stat. 1768; Oct. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95–447, § 2, 92 Stat. 1072. 5112(b) ..... 31:317(a)(2d, 3d sen- tences). 31:346. R.S. § 3533; June 14, 1947, ch. 104, § 1, 61 Stat. 132. 31:391(b). July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, § 101(b), (d), 79 Stat. 254; re- stated Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, § 201, 84 Stat. 1768. 31:398(1)–(4), (6). July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, § 108(1)–(4), (6), 79 Stat. 255. 5112(c) ..... 31:317(b). R.S. § 3515(b); added Oct. 11, 1974, Pub. L. 93–441, § 1, 88 Stat. 1261. 5112(d)(1) 31:324. R.S. § 3517; Mar. 3, 1887, ch. 396, § 3, 24 Stat. 635; Sept. 26, 1890, ch. 945, § 1, 26 Stat. 485; May 18, 1908, ch. 173, 35 Stat. 164; restated July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, § 204(a), 79 Stat. 256; Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, § 206, 84 Stat. 1769. 31:324b–1. Oct. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95–447, § 3, 92 Stat. 1072. 5112(d)(2) 31:276. R.S. § 3510; restated Sept. 26, 1890, ch. 944, 26 Stat. 484. 5112(e) ..... 31:324b. Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, § 203, 84 Stat. 1769; Oct. 10, 1978, Pub. L. 95–447, § 4, 92 Stat. 1072. 31:324c. Dec. 31, 1970, Pub. L. 91–607, § 209, 84 Stat. 1769. 31:391(d). 31:398(3), (4). 5112(f) ..... 31:321. R.S. § 3514; Jan. 30, 1934, ch. 6, § 5, 48 Stat. 340. HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES—CONTINUED 1982 ACT Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 31:399. July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, 79 Stat. 254, § 109; added Dec. 23, 1981, Pub. L. 97–104, § 2, 95 Stat. 1491. In subsection (a), the words before clause (1) are added because of the restatement. In clause (5), the words ‘‘that is 0.835 inch in diameter’’ are added be- cause the Secretary of the Treasury has prescribed the diameter and the diameter of a coin may not be changed under 31:276. The words ‘‘5 grams’’ are sub- stituted for ‘‘seventy-seven and sixteen-hundredths grains troy’’ for consistency in the revised chapter. In clause (6), the words ‘‘that is 0.75 inch in diameter’’ are added because the Secretary has prescribed the diame- ter and the diameter of a coin may not be changed under 31:276. The words ‘‘except as provided under sub- section (c) of this section’’ are added for clarity and be- cause of the restatement. The words ‘‘3.11 grams’’ are substituted for ‘‘forty-eight grains’’ for consistency in the revised chapter. In subsection (b), the words ‘‘In minting 5-cent coins’’ are substituted for ‘‘in minor-coinage alloys’’ in 31:346 because 5-cent coins are the minor coins composed of nickel. The words ‘‘Secretary shall use’’ are substituted for ‘‘shall be used’’ because of the source provisions re- stated in section 321 of the revised title. The word ‘‘bars’’ is substituted for ‘‘ingots’’ for consistency in the revised chapter. The words ‘‘2.5 percent’’ are sub- stituted for ‘‘twenty-five thousandths’’ for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code. The words ‘‘from the percent of nickel re- quired’’ are substituted for ‘‘the legal standard . . . in the proportion of nickel’’ because of the restatement. The words ‘‘In silver ingots, six-thousandths’’ are omit- ted as superseded by the source provisions restated in the section. The words ‘‘In gold ingots, one-thou- sandth’’ in section 3533 of the Revised Statutes are omitted because gold coinage was discontinued by 31:315b. The words ‘‘Except as provided in subsection (c) of this section’’ are added for clarity and because of the restatement. In subsection (c), the words ‘‘a different weight and alloy of copper and zinc’’ are substituted for ‘‘such ac- tion’’ for clarity. In subsection (d)(1), the words ‘‘an impression em- blematic of liberty’’ in 31:324 are omitted as obsolete. The words ‘‘The design on the reverse side of the dollar, half dollar, and quarter dollar is an eagle’’ are sub- stituted for ‘‘and upon the reverse side shall be the fig- ure or representation of an eagle . . . but on the dime, 5-, and 1-cent piece, the figure of the eagle shall be omitted’’, and the words ‘‘The emblem on the obverse side of the dollar is’’ are substituted for ‘‘The one-dol- lar coin authorized by section 391(c) of this title shall bear on the obverse side’’ in 31:324b–1, to eliminate un- necessary words. The words ‘‘Any coins minted after July 23, 1965, from 900 fine coin silver shall be inscribed with the year 1964’’ in 31:324 are omitted because the Secretary no longer has authority to mint coins from 900 fine coin silver. In subsection (d)(2), the word ‘‘Secretary’’ is sub- stituted for ‘‘engraver’’, ‘‘Director of the Mint’’, and ‘‘Director of the Mint . . . with the approval of the Sec- retary of the Treasury’’ because of the source provi- sions restated in section 321(c) of the revised title. The word ‘‘dies’’ is substituted for ‘‘from the original dies already authorized all the working dies required for use in the coinage of the several mints’’ and ‘‘original dies’’ to eliminate unnecessary words. The word ‘‘inscrip- tion’’ is substituted for ‘‘legend’’ for consistency in the section. The words ‘‘Provided, That no change be made in the diameter of any coin’’ are omitted as unneces- sary because the diameters are prescribed by sub- section (a) of the revised section. The words ‘‘procure Page 394 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 services under section 3109 of title 5 in carrying out this paragraph’’ are substituted for ‘‘engage tempo- rarily for this purpose the services of one or more art- ists, distinguished in their respective departments of art’’ to eliminate unnecessary words. The words ‘‘who shall be paid for such service from the contingent ap- propriation for the mint at Philadelphia’’ are omitted as obsolete. The text of section 3510(2d proviso) of the Revised Statutes is omitted as executed. In subsection (e)(2), the words ‘‘80 percent’’ are sub- stituted for ‘‘eight hundred parts’’ in 31:391(d), and the words ‘‘20 percent’’ are substituted for ‘‘two hundred parts’’, for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the Code. The words ‘‘that are metallur- gically bonded to’’ are added for clarity and consist- ency with subsection (b). In clause (4), the words ‘‘the late President of the United States’’ in 31:324b are omitted as unnecessary. Clause (6) is added because 31:324 applies to coins minted under this subsection. In subsection (f)(1), before clause (A), the words ‘‘Not- withstanding this section and section 5111(a)(1) of this title are substituted for ‘‘Notwithstanding any other provision of law’’ in 31:399 for clarity. In clause (B), the words ‘‘are an alloy of 90 percent silver and 10 percent copper’’ are substituted for ‘‘be minted in accordance with the standard established in section 3514 of the Re- vised Statutes (31 U.S.C. 321)’’ and 31:321 to eliminate unnecessary words and for clarity. In clause (C), the word ‘‘symbolizing’’ is substituted for ‘‘emblematic’’ for clarity. In subsection (f)(2), the words ‘‘under such regula- tions as he may prescribe’’ are omitted as unnecessary because of section 321 of the revised title. The word ‘‘Treasury’’ is substituted for ‘‘general fund of the Treasury’’ to eliminate unnecessary words. The text of 31:399(b)(3) is omitted as unnecessary be- cause of section 5103 of the revised title. 1983 ACT This amends 31:5112(f)(1) to make technical and con- forming changes. Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The date of enactment of the United States $1 Coin Act of 1997, referred to in subsec. (b), is the date of en- actment of Pub. L. 105–124, which was approved Dec. 1, 1997. The Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act, referred to in subsec. (l)(6)(C), is act June 7, 1939, ch. 190, as revised generally by Pub. L. 96–41, § 2, July 30, 1979, 93 Stat. 319, which is classified generally to subchapter III (§ 98 et seq.) of chapter 5 of Title 50, War and National Defense. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see section 98 of Title 50 and Ta- bles. This Act, referred to in subsec. (o)(6), probably means Pub. L. 109–145, Dec. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2664, known as the Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005, which amended this section and enacted provisions set out as notes under this section. For complete classification of this Act to the Code, see Short Title of 2005 Amendment note set out under section 5101 of this title and Tables. The date of enactment of the Presidential $1 Coin Act of 2005, referred to in subsec. (q)(1), is the date of enact- ment of Pub. L. 109–145, which was approved Dec. 22, 2005. The date of the enactment of the Native American $1 Coin Act, referred to in subsec. (r)(1)(B), is the date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–82, which was approved Sept. 20, 2007. Section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, re- ferred to in subsec. (t)(1)(C), is classified to section 1813 of Title 12, Banks and Banking. The date of the enactment of the America’s Beautiful National Parks Quarter Dollar Coin Act of 2008, re- ferred to in subsec. (t)(3)(A)(ii), is the date of enact- ment of Pub. L. 110–456, which was approved Dec. 23, 2008. This Act, referred to in subsec. (z)(2)(A), probably means Pub. L. 116–330, Jan. 13, 2021, 134 Stat. 5101, sec- tion 4 of which enacted subsec. (z) of this section. The term ‘‘Paralympic’’ does not appear in Pub. L. 116–330 outside the enacted text of subsec. (z). AMENDMENTS 2021—Subsec. (u). Pub. L. 116–330, § 5, added subsec. (u) and struck out former subsec. (u) which related to sil- ver bullion investment product, specifying bullion coins that are likenesses of the quarter dollars issued under subsection (t), their availability for sale, and dis- tribution. Subsec. (x). Pub. L. 116–330, § 2, added subsec. (x). Subsec. (y). Pub. L. 116–330, § 3, added subsec. (y). Subsec. (z). Pub. L. 116–330, § 4, added subsec. (z). Subsec. (aa). Pub. L. 116–330, § 6, added subsec. (aa). 2018—Subsec. (p)(1). Pub. L. 115–232 struck out ‘‘, United States Code’’ after ‘‘title 10’’ in introductory and concluding provisions. Subsec. (w). Pub. L. 115–197 added subsec. (w). 2017—Subsec. (p)(1). Pub. L. 115–91, § 885(a), (b), in in- troductory provisions, inserted ‘‘and’’ before ‘‘all tran- sit systems’’ and struck out ‘‘and all entities that oper- ate any business, including vending machines, on any premises owned by the United States or under the con- trol of any agency or instrumentality of the United States, including the legislative and judicial branches of the Federal Government,’’ after ‘‘Mass Transit Ac- count,’’ and inserted concluding provisions. Subsec. (p)(1)(B). Pub. L. 115–91, § 885(c), substituted ‘‘display’’ for ‘‘displays’’. 2015—Subsec. (q)(3) to (8). Pub. L. 114–94, § 73001(1)(A), redesignated pars. (4) to (7) as (3) to (6), respectively, and struck out former pars. (3) and (8), which related to subsequent designs and protective covering, respec- tively. Subsec. (t)(6)(B). Pub. L. 114–94, § 73001(1)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘not less than 90 percent silver’’ for ‘‘90 per- cent silver and 10 percent copper’’. Subsec. (v)(1). Pub. L. 114–94, § 73001(1)(C)(i), sub- stituted ‘‘The Secretary shall’’ for ‘‘Subject to the sub- mission to the Secretary and the Congress of a mar- keting study described in paragraph (8), beginning not more than 1 year after the submission of the study to the Secretary and the Congress, the Secretary shall’’. Subsec. (v)(2)(A). Pub. L. 114–94, § 73001(1)(C)(ii), sub- stituted ‘‘To the greatest extent possible, the Sec- retary’’ for ‘‘The Secretary’’. Subsec. (v)(5). Pub. L. 114–94, § 73001(1)(C)(iii), inserted ‘‘collectible versions of’’ after ‘‘may issue’’. Subsec. (v)(8). Pub. L. 114–94, § 73001(1)(C)(iv), struck out par. (8). Text read as follows: ‘‘The market study described in paragraph (1) means an analysis of the market for palladium bullion investments conducted by a reputable, independent third party that dem- onstrates that there would be adequate demand for pal- ladium bullion coins produced by the United States Mint to ensure that such coins could be minted and issued at no net cost to taxpayers.’’ 2010—Subsec. (a)(12). Pub. L. 111–303, § 2(1), added par. (12). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 111–302, § 4, substituted ‘‘qualities and quantities that the Secretary determines are’’ for ‘‘quantities’’ in introductory provisions. Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 111–302, § 4, which directed amend- ment of subsec. (i) by substituting ‘‘qualities and quan- tities that the Secretary determines are’’ for ‘‘quan- tities’’, was executed by making the substitution in in- troductory provisions of par. (1) to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Subsec. (u)(1). Pub. L. 111–302, § 5(1), substituted ‘‘likenesses’’ for ‘‘exact duplicates’’ in introductory provisions. Subsec. (u)(1)(A). Pub. L. 111–302, § 5(4), substituted ‘‘determined by the Secretary that is no less than 2.5 inches and no greater than 3.0 inches’’ for ‘‘of 3.0 inches’’. Subsec. (u)(1)(C) to (E). Pub. L. 111–302, § 5(2), (3), re- designated subpars. (D) and (E) as (C) and (D), respec- Page 395 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 tively, and struck out former subpar. (C) which read as follows: ‘‘have incused into the edge the fineness and weight of the bullion coin;’’. Subsec. (v). Pub. L. 111–303, § 2(2), added subsec. (v). 2009—Subsecs. (r), (s). Pub. L. 111–8 redesignated sub- sec. (r) relating to the redesign and issuance of circu- lating quarter dollar honoring the District of Columbia and territories as (s) and substituted ‘‘paragraph (3)’’ for ‘‘paragraph (4)’’ in subpars. (A) and (B) of par. (5). 2008—Subsec. (t). Pub. L. 110–456, § 102, added subsec. (t). Subsec. (u). Pub. L. 110–456, § 201, added subsec. (u). 2007—Subsec. (n)(1). Pub. L. 110–82, § 3, redesignated cls. (i) and (ii) of subpar. (A) as subpars. (A) and (B), re- spectively, struck out heading and designation of former subpar. (A), and struck out former subpar. (B), which related to continuity provisions concerning the ‘‘ ‘Sacagawea-design’ $1 coins’’. Subsec. (n)(2)(C)(i). Pub. L. 110–161, § 623(a)(1)(A), sub- stituted ‘‘and the inscription’’ for ‘‘and the inscrip- tions’’ and struck out ‘‘and ‘In God We Trust’ ’’ before ‘‘shall be edge-incused’’. Subsec. (n)(2)(F). Pub. L. 110–161, § 623(a)(2), added subpar. (F). Subsec. (p)(1)(A). Pub. L. 110–147 amended subpar. (A) generally. Prior to amendment, subpar. (A) read as fol- lows: ‘‘any business operations conducted by any such agency, instrumentality, system, or entity that involve coins or currency will be fully capable of accepting and dispensing $1 coins in connection with such operations; and’’. Subsec. (r). Pub. L. 110–161, § 622, added subsec. (r) re- lating to the redesign and issuance of circulating quar- ter dollar honoring the District of Columbia and terri- tories. Pub. L. 110–82, § 2, added subsec. (r) relating to the re- design and issuance of circulating $1 coins honoring Na- tive Americans. Subsec. (r)(2). Pub. L. 110–161, § 623(b), substituted ‘‘and the inscription’’ for ‘‘and the inscriptions’’ and struck out ‘‘and ‘In God We Trust’ ’’ before ‘‘shall be edge-incused’’ in subpar. (C)(i), and added subpar (E). 2005—Subsec. (a)(11). Pub. L. 109–145, § 201(1), added par. (11). Subsec. (n). Pub. L. 109–145, § 102, added subsec. (n). Subsec. (o). Pub. L. 109–145, § 103, added subsec. (o). Subsec. (p). Pub. L. 109–145, § 104, added subsec. (p). Subsec. (q). Pub. L. 109–145, § 201(2), added subsec. (q). 2003—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 108–15, § 102(a), inserted after fourth sentence ‘‘Subject to other provisions of this subsection, the obverse of any 5-cent coin issued after December 31, 2005, shall bear the likeness of Thomas Jefferson and the reverse of any such 5-cent coin shall bear an image of the home of Thomas Jeffer- son at Monticello.’’ Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 108–15, § 102(b), inserted ‘‘, after consulting with the Citizens Coinage Advisory Com- mittee and the Commission of Fine Arts,’’ after ‘‘The Secretary may’’ in second sentence. Subsec. (l)(4)(A)(ii). Pub. L. 108–15, § 103(d)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee’’ for ‘‘Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory Committee’’. 2000—Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 106–445 substituted ‘‘plat- inum bullion coins’’ for ‘‘bullion’’. 1998—Subsec. (l)(1)(C). Pub. L. 105–176 added subpar. (C). 1997—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 105–124, § 4(b), struck out ‘‘and weighs 8.1 grams’’ after ‘‘diameter’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 105–124, § 4(c), struck out ‘‘dollar,’’ before ‘‘half dollar’’ in first sentence and inserted after fourth sentence ‘‘The dollar coin shall be golden in color, have a distinctive edge, have tactile and visual features that make the denomination of the coin read- ily discernible, be minted and fabricated in the United States, and have similar metallic, anti-counterfeiting properties as United States coinage in circulation on the date of enactment of the United States $1 Coin Act of 1997.’’ Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 105–124, § 4(d), substituted ‘‘The Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Congress, shall select appropriate designs for the ob- verse and reverse sides of the dollar coin.’’ for ‘‘The eagle on the reverse side of the dollar is the symbolic eagle of Apollo 11 landing on the moon. The obverse side of the dollar has the likeness of Susan B. An- thony.’’ Subsec. (l). Pub. L. 105–124, § 3, added subsec. (l). 1996—Subsec. (i)(4)(C). Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title V, § 523], added subpar. (C). Subsec. (k). Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title V, § 524], added subsec. (k). Subsec. (m). Pub. L. 104–208, § 101(f) [title V, § 529(a)], added subsec. (m). 1994—Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 103–272 substituted ‘‘section 5103 of this title’’ for ‘‘section 5103 of title 31, United States Code’’. 1992—Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 102–390, § 226(a), inserted ‘‘shall’’ before ‘‘have’’ in first sentence and substituted ‘‘coin shall have’’ for ‘‘coin has’’ in second and third sentences. Subsec. (i)(4). Pub. L. 102–390, § 228, added par. (4). Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 102–390, § 227, added subsec. (j). 1988—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 100–274, § 4(a), inserted be- fore last sentence ‘‘In minting gold coins, the Secretary shall use alloys that vary not more than 0.1 percent from the percent of gold required.’’ Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100–274, § 6, inserted heading and amended subsec. (f) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (f) read as follows: ‘‘The Secretary shall sell the coins minted under subsection (e) to the public at a price equal to the market value of the bullion at the time of sale, plus the cost of minting, marketing, and distributing such coins (including labor, materials, dyes, use of machinery, and overhead expenses).’’ 1985—Subsec. (a)(7) to (10). Pub. L. 99–185, § 2(a), added pars. (7) to (10). Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 99–61 added subsec. (e). Former subsec. (e), providing for the minting of 150,000,000 sil- ver and copper alloy dollar coins bearing the likeness of Dwight David Eisenhower, was struck out. Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 99–61 added subsec. (f). Former subsec. (f), providing for the minting of up to 10,000,000 silver and copper alloy half-dollar coins symbolizing the 250th anniversary of the birth of George Wash- ington, was struck out. Subsecs. (g), (h). Pub. L. 99–61 added subsecs. (g) and (h). Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 99–185, § 2(b), added subsec. (i). 1983—Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 97–452, § 1(20)(A), inserted a comma after ‘‘10,000,000)’’ in introductory text. Subsec. (f)(1)(C). Pub. L. 97–452, § 1(20)(B), substituted ‘‘250th’’ for ‘‘two hundred and fiftieth’’. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2007 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 110–161, div. D, title VI, § 623(c), Dec. 26, 2007, 121 Stat. 2018, provided that: ‘‘The change required by the amendments made by subsections (a) and (b) [amending this section] shall be put into effect by the Secretary of the Treasury as soon as is practicable after the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 26, 2007].’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title V, § 529(e)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–353, provided that: ‘‘This section [amending this section and sections 5134 and 5135 of this title, enacting provisions set out as a note under section 5134 of this title, and amending pro- visions set out as a note under this section] and the amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of enactment of this Act [Sept. 30, 1996].’’ EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1985 AMENDMENTS Pub. L. 99–185, § 3, Dec. 17, 1985, 99 Stat. 1179, provided that: ‘‘This Act [amending this section and sections 5116, 5118, and 5132 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] shall take effect on October 1, 1985, except that no coins may be issued or Page 396 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 sold under section 5112(i) of title 31, United States Code, before October 1, 1986.’’ Pub. L. 99–61, title II, § 205, July 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 117, provided that: ‘‘This title [amending this section and sections 5116 and 5132 of this title and enacting provi- sions set out as a note under this section] shall take ef- fect on October 1, 1985, except that no coins may be issued or sold under subsection (e) of section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, before September 1, 1986, or before the date on which all coins minted under title I of this Act [set out as a note below] have been sold, whichever is earlier.’’ SHORT TITLE OF 1985 AMENDMENTS Pub. L. 99–185, § 1, Dec. 17, 1985, 99 Stat. 1177, provided that: ‘‘This Act [amending this section and sections 5116, 5118, and 5132 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section] may be cited as the ‘Gold Bullion Coin Act of 1985’.’’ Pub. L. 99–61, title II, § 201, July 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 115, provided that: ‘‘This title [amending this section and sections 5116 and 5132 of this title and enacting provi- sions set out as a note under this section] may be cited as the ‘Liberty Coin Act’.’’ SAVINGS PROVISION Pub. L. 110–192, Feb. 29, 2008, 122 Stat. 648, provided: ‘‘That clause (i) of section 5112(n)(1)(B) of title 31, United States Code (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of Public Law 110–82 [Sept. 20, 2007]) shall continue in effect, notwithstanding the amendment made by section 3 of Public Law 110–82 [amending this section], until the effective date of the amendment made by section 2 of such Public Law [amending this section].’’ RULE OF CONSTRUCTION Pub. L. 105–124, § 5, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2537, provided that: ‘‘Nothing in this Act [see Short Title of 1997 Amendment note set out under section 5101 of this title] or the amendments made by this Act shall be construed to evidence any intention to eliminate or to limit the printing or circulation of United States cur- rency in the $1 denomination.’’ COST SPECIFICATION UNDER CIRCULATING COLLECTIBLE COIN REDESIGN ACT OF 2020 Pub. L. 116–330, § 8, Jan. 13, 2021, 134 Stat. 5108, pro- vided that: ‘‘No coin or medal minted and issued under this Act [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 5101 of this title], or an amendment made by this Act, may be sold at a price such that would result in a net cost to the Federal Gov- ernment.’’ 1921 SILVER DOLLAR COINS Pub. L. 116–286, Jan. 5, 2021, 134 Stat. 4879, provided that: ‘‘SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ‘‘This Act may be cited as the ‘1921 Silver Dollar Coin Anniversary Act’. ‘‘SEC. 2. FINDINGS. ‘‘The Congress finds that [sic] following: ‘‘(1) In December 1921, the Peace silver dollar was approved by Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon, re- placing the Morgan silver dollar and commemorating the declaration of peace between the United States and the Imperial German government. ‘‘(2) The Peace silver dollar was minted in Philadel- phia, Denver and San Francisco. The Morgan silver dollar was minted at Philadelphia, Denver, San Fran- cisco, Carson City, and New Orleans. ‘‘(3) The Peace silver dollar was designed by An- thony de Francisci with the Goddess of Liberty on the obverse and a bald eagle clutching the olive branch (a symbol of peace) on the reverse. The Peace silver dollars were minted between 1921 to 1935. ‘‘(4) The Morgan silver dollar was designed by George T. Morgan and was minted from 1878 to 1904, and again in 1921. The obverse depicts a profile por- trait of Lady Liberty and on the reverse, a heraldic eagle. ‘‘(5) The conversion from the Morgan silver dollar to the Peace silver dollar design in 1921 reflected a pivotal moment in American history. The Morgan sil- ver dollar represents the country’s westward expan- sion and industrial development in the late 19th cen- tury. The Peace silver dollar symbolizes the coun- try’s coming of age as an international power while recognizing the sacrifices made by her citizens in World War I and celebrating the victory and peace that ensued. ‘‘(6) These iconic silver dollars with vastly different representations of Lady Liberty and the American Eagle, reflect a changing of the guard in 1921 in the United States and therefore on the 100th anniversary must begin to be minted again to commemorate this significant evolution of American freedom. ‘‘SEC. 3. COIN SPECIFICATIONS. ‘‘(a) $1 SILVER COINS.—The Secretary of the Treasury (hereafter in this Act referred to as the ‘Secretary’) shall mint and issue $1 coins in recognition of the 100th anniversary of completion of coinage of the Morgan dollar and the 100th anniversary of commencement of coinage of the Peace dollar, each of which shall— ‘‘(1) weigh 26.73 grams; ‘‘(2) have a diameter of 1.500 inches; ‘‘(3) contain not less than 90 percent silver; and ‘‘(4) have a reeded edge. ‘‘(b) LEGAL TENDER.—The coins minted under this Act shall be legal tender, as provided in section 5103 of title 31, United States Code. ‘‘(c) NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of sections 5134 and 5136 of title 31, United States Code, all coins mint- ed under this Act shall be considered to be numismatic items. ‘‘SEC. 4. DESIGN OF COINS. ‘‘(a) DESIGN REQUIREMENTS.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—The designs of the coins minted under this Act shall honor either the Morgan dollar or the Peace dollar, as follows— ‘‘(A) MORGAN DOLLAR.—The coins honoring the 100th anniversary of completion of coinage of the Morgan dollar shall have an obverse design and a reverse design that are renditions of the designs historically used on the obverse and reverse of the Morgan dollar. ‘‘(B) PEACE DOLLAR.—The coins honoring the 100th anniversary of commencement of coinage of the Peace dollar shall have an obverse design and a reverse design that are renditions of the designs historically used on the obverse and reverse of the Peace dollar. ‘‘(2) DESIGNATION AND INSCRIPTIONS.—On each coin minted under this Act, there shall be— ‘‘(A) a designation of the value of the coin; ‘‘(B) an inscription of the year of minting or issuance; and ‘‘(C) inscriptions of the words ‘Liberty’, ‘In God We Trust’, ‘United States of America’, and ‘E Pluribus Unum’. ‘‘(b) SELECTION.—The design for the coins minted under this Act shall be— ‘‘(1) selected by the Secretary after consultation with the Commission of Fine Arts; and ‘‘(2) reviewed by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee. ‘‘SEC. 5. ISSUANCE OF COINS. ‘‘The Secretary may issue coins minted under this Act beginning on January 1, 2021. ‘‘SEC. 6. SALE OF COINS. ‘‘(a) SALE PRICE.—The coins issued under this Act shall be sold by the Secretary at a price equal to the sum of— Page 397 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 ‘‘(1) the face value of the coins; and ‘‘(2) the cost of designing and issuing the coins (in- cluding labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, over- head expenses, marketing, and shipping). ‘‘(b) BULK SALES.—The Secretary may make bulk sales of the coins issued under this Act at a reasonable discount. ‘‘SEC. 7. FINANCIAL ASSURANCES. ‘‘The Secretary of the Treasury shall take such ac- tions as may be necessary to ensure that the minting and issuing of coins under the Act will not result in any net cost to the United States Government. ‘‘SEC. 8. DETERMINATION OF BUDGETARY EF- FECTS. ‘‘The budgetary effects of this Act, for the purpose of complying with the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act of 2010 [2 U.S.C. 931 et seq.], shall be determined by ref- erence to the latest statement titled ‘Budgetary Effects of PAYGO Legislation’ for this Act, submitted for printing in the Congressional Record by the Chairman of the House Budget Committee, provided that such statement has been submitted prior to the vote on pas- sage.’’ PRESIDENT GEORGE H.W. BUSH AND FIRST SPOUSE BARBARA BUSH COINS Pub. L. 116–112, Jan. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 9, provided that: ‘‘SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. ‘‘This Act may be cited as the ‘President George H.W. Bush and First Spouse Barbara Bush Coin Act’. ‘‘SEC. 2. COINS HONORING PRESIDENT GEORGE H.W. BUSH AND FIRST SPOUSE BARBARA BUSH. ‘‘(a) CIRCULATING $1 COINS HONORING PRESIDENT GEORGE H.W. BUSH.—Notwithstanding subsections (d), (n)(2)(E), (n)(3), (n)(4), and (n)(8) of section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, in addition to the coins to be issued under subsections (r) and (w) of such section 5112, and in accordance with the other provisions of subsection (n) of such section 5112, the Secretary of the Treasury, beginning on January 1, 2020, shall mint and issue $1 coins that bear— ‘‘(1) the image of President George H.W. Bush; and ‘‘(2) an inscription of the year ‘2020’. ‘‘(b) BULLION COINS HONORING FIRST SPOUSE BARBARA BUSH.—Notwithstanding paragraphs (1) and (5)(C) of section 5112(o) of title 31, United States Code, and in ac- cordance with the other provisions of such section 5112(o), the Secretary of the Treasury, beginning on January 1, 2020, shall mint and issue bullion coins that bear— ‘‘(1) the image of First Spouse Barbara Bush; and ‘‘(2) an inscription of the year ‘2020’. ‘‘SEC. 3. FINANCIAL ASSURANCES. ‘‘The Secretary of the Treasury shall take such ac- tions as may be necessary to ensure that the minting and issuing of coins under this Act will not result in any net cost to the United States Government.’’ AUTHORITY TO CONDUCT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON ALL CIRCULATING COINS Pub. L. 111–302, § 2, Dec. 14, 2010, 124 Stat. 3272, pro- vided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—To accomplish the goals of this Act [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 5101 of this title] and the requirements of subchapter II of chapter 51 of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary of the Treasury may— ‘‘(1) conduct any appropriate testing of appropriate coinage metallic materials within or outside of the Department of the Treasury; and ‘‘(2) solicit input from or otherwise work in con- junction with entities within or outside of the Fed- eral Government including independent research fa- cilities or current or potential suppliers of the metal- lic material used in volume production of circulating coins, to complete the report referred to in this Act [see sec- tion 3 of Pub. L. 111–302, set out as a note below] and to develop and evaluate the use of new metallic mate- rials. ‘‘(b) FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED.—In the conduct of research, development, and the solicitation of input or work in conjunction with entities within and outside the Federal Government, and in reporting to the Con- gress with recommendations, as required by this Act, the Secretary of the Treasury shall consider the fol- lowing: ‘‘(1) Factors relevant to the potential impact of any revisions to the composition of the material used in coin production on the current coinage material sup- pliers. ‘‘(2) Factors relevant to the ease of use and ability to co-circulate of new coinage materials, including the effect on vending machines and commercial coin processing equipment and making certain, to the greatest extent practicable, that any new coins work without interruption in existing coin acceptance equipment without modification. ‘‘(3) Such other factors that the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with merchants who would be affected by any change in the composition of cir- culating coins, vending machine and other coin ac- ceptor manufacturers, vending machine owners and operators, transit officials, municipal parking offi- cials, depository institutions, coin and currency han- dlers, armored-car operators, car wash operators, and American-owned manufacturers of commercial coin processing equipment, considers to be appropriate and in the public interest, after notice and oppor- tunity for comment.’’ BIENNIAL REPORT TO THE CONGRESS ON THE CURRENT STATUS OF COIN PRODUCTION COSTS AND ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE CONTENT Pub. L. 111–302, § 3, Dec. 14, 2010, 124 Stat. 3273, pro- vided that: ‘‘(a) REPORT REQUIRED.—Before the end of the 2-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 14, 2010], and at 2-year intervals following the end of such period, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report to the Committee on Financial Serv- ices of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate analyzing production costs for each circulating coin, cost trends for such production, and possible new me- tallic materials or technologies for the production of circulating coins. ‘‘(b) DETAILED RECOMMENDATIONS.—In preparing and submitting the reports required under subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall include detailed recommendations for any appropriate changes to the metallic content of circulating coins in such a form that the recommendations could be enacted into law as appropriate. ‘‘(c) IMPROVED PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY.—In preparing and submitting the reports required under subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury shall include rec- ommendations for changes in the methods of producing coins that would further reduce the costs to produce circulating coins, and include notes on the legislative changes that are necessary to achieve such goals. ‘‘(d) MINIMIZING CONVERSION COSTS.—In preparing and submitting the reports required under subsection (a), the Secretary of the Treasury, to the greatest extent possible, may not include any recommendation for new specifications for producing a circulating coin that would require any significant change to coin-accepting and coin-handling equipment to accommodate changes to all circulating coins simultaneously. ‘‘(e) FRAUD PREVENTION.—The reports required under this section shall make no recommendation for a speci- fication change that would facilitate or allow the use of a coin with a lesser value produced, minted, or issued Page 398 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 by another country, or the use of any token or other easily or regularly produced metal device of minimal value, in the place of a circulating coin produced by the Secretary. ‘‘(f) RULE OF CONSTRUCTION.—No provision of this Act [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and section 5101 of this title] shall be construed as requiring that additional re- search and development be conducted for any report under this Act but any such report shall include infor- mation on any such research and development during the period covered by the report.’’ FINDINGS OF 2008 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 110–456, title I, § 101, Dec. 23, 2008, 122 Stat. 5038, provided that: ‘‘The Congress finds as follows: ‘‘(1) Yellowstone National Park was established by an Act signed by President Ulysses S. Grant on March 1, 1872, as the Nation’s first national park. ‘‘(2) The summer and autumn of 1890 saw the estab- lishment of a number of national sites: ‘‘(A) August 19: Chickamauga and Chattanooga established as national military parks in Georgia and Tennessee. ‘‘(B) August 30: Antietam established as a na- tional battlefield site in Maryland. ‘‘(C) September 25: Sequoia National Park estab- lished in California. ‘‘(D) September 27: Rock Creek Park established in the District of Columbia. ‘‘(E) October 1: General Grant National Park es- tablished in California (and subsequently incor- porated in Kings Canyon National Park). ‘‘(F) October 1: Yosemite National Park estab- lished in California. ‘‘(3) Theodore Roosevelt was this nation’s 26th President and is considered by many to be our ‘Con- servationist President’. ‘‘(4) As a frequent visitor to the West, Theodore Roosevelt witnessed the virtual destruction of some big game species and the overgrazing that destroyed the grasslands and with them the habitats for small mammals and songbirds and conservation increas- ingly became one of his major concerns. ‘‘(5) When he became President in 1901, Roosevelt pursued this interest in conservation by establishing the first 51 Bird Reserves, 4 Game Preserves, and 150 National Forests. ‘‘(6) He also established the United States Forest Service, signed into law the creation of 5 National Parks, and signed the Act for the Preservation of American Antiquities in 1906 under which he pro- claimed 18 national monuments. ‘‘(7) Approximately 230,000,000 acres of area within the United States was placed under public protection by Theodore Roosevelt. ‘‘(8) Theodore Roosevelt said that nothing short of defending this country in wartime ‘compares in im- portance with the great central task of leaving this land even a better land for our descendants than it is for us’. ‘‘(9) The National Park Service was created by an Act signed by President Woodrow Wilson on August 25, 1916. ‘‘(10) The National Park System comprises 391 areas covering more than 84,000,000 acres in every State (ex- cept Delaware), the District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. ‘‘(11) The sites or areas within the National Park System vary widely in size and type from vast nat- ural wilderness to birthplaces of Presidents to world heritage archaeology sites to an African burial ground memorial in Manhattan and include national parks, monuments, battlefields, military parks, his- torical parks, historic sites, lakeshores, seashores, recreation areas, scenic rivers and trails, and the White House. ‘‘(12) In addition to the sites within the National Park System, the United States has placed numerous other types of sites under various forms of conser- vancy, such as the national forests and sites within the National Wildlife Refuge System and on the Na- tional Register of Historic Places.’’ REMOVAL OF BARRIERS TO CIRCULATION OF $1 COIN Pub. L. 110–82, § 4, Sept. 20, 2007, 121 Stat. 779, provided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—In order to remove barriers to cir- culation, the Secretary of the Treasury shall carry out an aggressive, cost-effective, continuing campaign to encourage commercial enterprises to accept and dis- pense $1 coins that have as designs on the obverse the so-called ‘Sacagawea design’. ‘‘(b) REPORT.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to Congress an annual report on the success of the efforts described in subsection (a).’’ 5-CENT COINS MINTED IN 2004 AND 2005 Pub. L. 109–230, § 8, June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 393, pro- vided that: ‘‘Notwithstanding the fifth sentence of sec- tion 5112(d)(1) of title 31, United States Code, the Sec- retary of the Treasury may continue to issue, after De- cember 31, 2005, numismatic items that contain 5-cent coins minted in the years 2004 and 2005.’’ PRESIDENTIAL COMMEMORATIVE DOLLAR COINS; FINDINGS Pub. L. 109–145, title I, § 101, Dec. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2664, provided that: ‘‘Congress finds the following: ‘‘(1) There are sectors of the United States econ- omy, including public transportation, parking me- ters, vending machines, and low-dollar value trans- actions, in which the use of a $1 coin is both useful and desirable for keeping costs and prices down. ‘‘(2) For a variety of reasons, the new $1 coin intro- duced in 2000 has not been widely sought-after by the public, leading to higher costs for merchants and thus higher prices for consumers. ‘‘(3) The success of the 50 States Commemorative Coin Program (31 U.S.C. 5112(l)) for circulating quar- ter dollars shows that a design on a United States cir- culating coin that is regularly changed in a manner similar to the systematic change in designs in such Program radically increases demand for the coin, rapidly pulling it through the economy. ‘‘(4) The 50 States Commemorative Coin Program also has been an educational tool, teaching both Americans and visitors something about each State for which a quarter has been issued. ‘‘(5) A national survey and study by the Govern- ment Accountability Office has indicated that many Americans who do not seek, or who reject, the new $1 coin for use in commerce would actively seek the coin if an attractive, educational rotating design were to be struck on the coin. ‘‘(6) The President is the leader of our tripartite government and the President’s spouse has often set the social tone for the White House while spear- heading and highlighting important issues for the country. ‘‘(7) Sacagawea, as currently represented on the new $1 coin, is an important symbol of American his- tory. ‘‘(8) Many people cannot name all of the Presidents, and fewer can name the spouses, nor can many people accurately place each President in the proper time period of American history. ‘‘(9) First Spouses have not generally been recog- nized on American coinage. ‘‘(10) In order to revitalize the design of United States coinage and return circulating coinage to its position as not only a necessary means of exchange in commerce, but also as an object of aesthetic beauty in its own right, it is appropriate to move many of the mottos and emblems, the inscription of the year, and the so-called ‘mint marks’ that currently appear on the 2 faces of each circulating coin to the edge of the coin, which would allow larger and more dra- matic artwork on the coins reminiscent of the so- Page 399 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 called ‘Golden Age of Coinage’ in the United States, at the beginning of the Twentieth Century, initiated by President Theodore Roosevelt, with the assistance of noted sculptors and medallic artists James Earle Fraser and Augustus Saint-Gaudens. ‘‘(11) Placing inscriptions on the edge of coins, known as edge-incusing, is a hallmark of modern coinage and is common in large-volume production of coinage elsewhere in the world, such as the 2,700,000,000 2-Euro coins in circulation, but it has not been done on a large scale in United States coinage in recent years. ‘‘(12) Although the Congress has authorized the Sec- retary of the Treasury to issue gold coins with a pu- rity of 99.99 percent, the Secretary has not done so. ‘‘(13) Bullion coins are a valuable tool for the inves- tor and, in some cases, an important aspect of coin collecting.’’ ABRAHAM LINCOLN BICENTENNIAL 1-CENT COIN REDESIGN Pub. L. 109–145, title III, Dec. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2673, provided that: ‘‘SEC. 301. FINDINGS. ‘‘Congress finds the following: ‘‘(1) Abraham Lincoln, the 16th President, was one of the Nation’s greatest leaders, demonstrating true courage during the Civil War, one of the greatest cri- ses in the Nation’s history. ‘‘(2) Born of humble roots in Hardin County (present-day LaRue County), Kentucky, on February 12, 1809, Abraham Lincoln rose to the Presidency through a combination of honesty, integrity, intel- ligence, and commitment to the United States. ‘‘(3) With the belief that all men are created equal, Abraham Lincoln led the effort to free all slaves in the United States. ‘‘(4) Abraham Lincoln had a generous heart, with malice toward none, and with charity for all. ‘‘(5) Abraham Lincoln gave the ultimate sacrifice for the country he loved, dying from an assassin’s bullet on April 15, 1865. ‘‘(6) All Americans could benefit from studying the life of Abraham Lincoln, for Lincoln’s life is a model for accomplishing the ‘American dream’ through hon- esty, integrity, loyalty, and a lifetime of education. ‘‘(7) The year 2009 will be the bicentennial anniver- sary of the birth of Abraham Lincoln. ‘‘(8) Abraham Lincoln was born in Kentucky, grew to adulthood in Indiana, achieved fame in Illinois, and led the nation in Washington, D.C. ‘‘(9) The so-called ‘Lincoln cent’ was introduced in 1909 on the 100th anniversary of Lincoln’s birth, mak- ing the obverse design the most enduring on the na- tion’s coinage. ‘‘(10) President Theodore Roosevelt was so im- pressed by the talent of Victor David Brenner that the sculptor was chosen to design the likeness of President Lincoln for the coin, adapting a design from a plaque Brenner had prepared earlier. ‘‘(11) In the nearly 100 years of production of the ‘Lincoln cent’, there have been only 2 designs on the reverse: the original, featuring 2 wheat-heads in me- morial style enclosing mottoes, and the current rep- resentation of the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C. ‘‘(12) On the occasion of the bicentennial of Presi- dent Lincoln’s birth and the 100th anniversary of the production of the Lincoln cent, it is entirely fitting to issue a series of 1-cent coins with designs on the reverse that are emblematic of the 4 major periods of President Lincoln’s life. ‘‘SEC. 302. REDESIGN OF LINCOLN CENT FOR 2009. ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—During the year 2009, the Secretary of the Treasury shall issue 1-cent coins in accordance with the following design specifications: ‘‘(1) OBVERSE.—The obverse of the 1-cent coin shall continue to bear the Victor David Brenner likeness of President Abraham Lincoln. ‘‘(2) REVERSE.—The reverse of the coins shall bear 4 different designs each representing a different aspect of the life of Abraham Lincoln, such as— ‘‘(A) his birth and early childhood in Kentucky; ‘‘(B) his formative years in Indiana; ‘‘(C) his professional life in Illinois; and ‘‘(D) his presidency, in Washington, D.C. ‘‘(b) ISSUANCE OF REDESIGNED LINCOLN CENTS IN 2009.— ‘‘(1) ORDER.—The 1-cent coins to which this section applies shall be issued with 1 of the 4 designs referred to in subsection (a)(2) beginning at the start of each calendar quarter of 2009. ‘‘(2) NUMBER.—The Secretary shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number of 1-cent coins that shall be issued with each of the designs selected for each calendar quarter of 2009. ‘‘(c) DESIGN SELECTION.—The designs for the coins specified in this section shall be chosen by the Sec- retary— ‘‘(1) after consultation with the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission and the Commission of Fine Arts; and ‘‘(2) after review by the Citizens Coinage Advisory Committee. ‘‘SEC. 303. REDESIGN OF REVERSE OF 1-CENT COINS AFTER 2009. ‘‘The design on the reverse of the 1-cent coins issued after December 31, 2009, shall bear an image emblem- atic of President Lincoln’s preservation of the United States of America as a single and united country. ‘‘SEC. 304. NUMISMATIC PENNIES WITH THE SAME METALLIC CONTENT AS THE 1909 PENNY. ‘‘The Secretary of the Treasury shall issue 1-cent coins in 2009 with the exact metallic content as the 1- cent coin contained in 1909 in such number as the Sec- retary determines to be appropriate for numismatic purposes. ‘‘SEC. 305. SENSE OF THE CONGRESS. ‘‘It is the sense of the Congress that the original Vic- tor David Brenner design for the 1-cent coin was a dra- matic departure from previous American coinage that should be reproduced, using the original form and relief of the likeness of Abraham Lincoln, on the 1-cent coins issued in 2009.’’ DESIGNS ON THE 5-CENT COIN Pub. L. 108–15, title I, § 101, Apr. 23, 2003, 117 Stat. 615, provided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Subject to subsection (b) and after consulting with the Citizens Coinage Advisory Com- mittee and the Commission of Fine Arts, the Secretary of the Treasury may change the design on the obverse and the reverse of the 5-cent coin for coins issued in 2003, 2004, and 2005 in recognition of the bicentennial of the Louisiana Purchase and the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. ‘‘(b) DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS.— ‘‘(1) OBVERSE.—If the Secretary of the Treasury elects to change the obverse of 5-cent coins issued during 2003, 2004, and 2005, the design shall depict a likeness of President Thomas Jefferson, different from the likeness that appeared on the obverse of the 5-cent coins issued during 2002, in recognition of his role with respect to the Louisiana Purchase and the commissioning of the Lewis and Clark expedition. ‘‘(2) REVERSE.—If the Secretary of the Treasury elects to change the reverse of the 5-cent coins issued during 2003, 2004, and 2005, the design selected shall depict images that are emblematic of the Louisiana Purchase or the expedition of Meriwether Lewis and William Clark. ‘‘(3) OTHER INSCRIPTIONS.—5-cent coins issued dur- ing 2003, 2004, and 2005 shall continue to meet all other requirements for inscriptions and designations Page 400 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 applicable to circulating coins under section 5112(d)(1) of title 31, United States Code.’’ STUDY AND REPORT OF IMPACT ON UNITED STATES SIL- VER MARKET OF THE AMERICAN EAGLE SILVER BUL- LION PROGRAM Pub. L. 107–201, § 3(b), July 23, 2002, 116 Stat. 737, pro- vided that: ‘‘(1) STUDY.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall con- duct a study of the impact on the United States silver market of the American Eagle Silver Bullion Program, established under section 5112(e) of title 31, United States Code. ‘‘(2) REPORT.—Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act [July 23, 2002], the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report of the study con- ducted under paragraph (1) to the chairman and rank- ing minority member of— ‘‘(A) the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate; and ‘‘(B) the Committee on Financial Services of the House of Representatives.’’ FINDINGS OF 1997 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 105–124, § 2, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2534, provided that: ‘‘The Congress finds that— ‘‘(1) it is appropriate and timely— ‘‘(A) to honor the unique Federal republic of 50 States that comprise the United States; and ‘‘(B) to promote the diffusion of knowledge among the youth of the United States about the individual States, their history and geography, and the rich diversity of the national heritage; ‘‘(2) the circulating coinage of the United States has not been modernized during the 25-year period preceding the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 1, 1997]; ‘‘(3) a circulating commemorative 25-cent coin pro- gram could produce earnings of $110,000,000 from the sale of silver proof coins and sets over the 10-year pe- riod of issuance, and would produce indirect earnings of an estimated $2,600,000,000 to $5,100,000,000 to the United States Treasury, money that will replace bor- rowing to fund the national debt to at least that ex- tent; and ‘‘(4) it is appropriate to launch a commemorative circulating coin program that encourages young peo- ple and their families to collect memorable tokens of all of the States for the face value of the coins.’’ DOLLAR COINS Pub. L. 105–124, § 4(e), (f), Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2536, 2537, provided that: ‘‘(e) PRODUCTION OF NEW DOLLAR COINS.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Upon the depletion of the Govern- ment’s supply (as of the date of enactment of this Act [Dec. 1, 1997]) of $1 coins bearing the likeness of Susan B. Anthony, the Secretary of the Treasury shall place into circulation $1 coins that comply with the re- quirements of subsections (b) and (d)(1) of section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, as amended by this section. ‘‘(2) AUTHORITY OF SECRETARY TO CONTINUE PRODUC- TION.—If the supply of $1 coins bearing the likeness of Susan B. Anthony is depleted before production has begun of $1 coins which bear a design which complies with the requirements of subsections (b) and (d)(1) of section 5112 of title 31, United States Code, as amend- ed by this section, the Secretary of the Treasury may continue to mint and issue $1 coins bearing the like- ness of Susan B. Anthony in accordance with that section 5112 (as in effect on the day before the date of enactment of this Act) until such time as production begins. ‘‘(3) NUMISMATIC SETS.—The Secretary may include such $1 coins in any numismatic set produced by the United States Mint before the date on which the $1 coins authorized by this section are placed in circula- tion. ‘‘(f) MARKETING PROGRAM.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Before placing into circulation $1 coins authorized under this section [amending this section and enacting provisions set out as a note under section 5101 of this title], the Secretary of the Treasury shall adopt a program to promote the use of such coins by commercial enterprises, mass transit authorities, and Federal, State, and local government agencies. ‘‘(2) STUDY REQUIRED.—The Secretary of the Treas- ury shall conduct a study on the progress of the mar- keting program adopted in accordance with para- graph (1). ‘‘(3) REPORT.—Not later than March 31, 2001, the Secretary of the Treasury shall submit a report to the Congress on the results of the study conducted pursuant to paragraph (2).’’ STUDY AND REPORT TO CONGRESS OF 50 STATES COMMEMORATIVE COIN PROGRAM Pub. L. 104–329, title III, § 302, Oct. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 4012, provided that: ‘‘(a) STUDY.—The Secretary of the Treasury shall by June 1, 1997 complete a study of the feasibility of a cir- culating commemorative coin program to commemo- rate each of the 50 States. The study shall assess likely public acceptance of and consumer demand for different coins that might be issued in connection with such a program (taking into consideration the pace of issuance of coins and the length of such a program), a comparison of the costs of producing coins issued under the program and the revenue that the program would generate, the impact on coin distribution systems, the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches to selecting designs for coins in such a program, and such other factors as the Secretary considers appro- priate in deciding upon the feasibility of such a pro- gram. No steps taken in order to gather information for this study shall be considered a collection of informa- tion within the meaning of section 3502 of title 44, United States Code. ‘‘(b) REPORT.—The Secretary shall submit the study required in subsection (a) above, to the Committee on Banking and Financial Services of the House of Rep- resentatives and the Committee on Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs of the Senate, simultaneously on its receipt by the Secretary. ‘‘(c) 50-STATE COMMEMORATIVE COIN PROGRAM.—The Secretary shall determine by August 1, 1997 whether the results of the study authorized by subsection (a) justify such a program. If the Secretary determines that such a program is justified, then he shall by Janu- ary 1, 1999, notwithstanding the fourth sentence of sub- section (d)(1) and subsection (d)(2) of section 5112, title 31, United States Code, commence a commemorative coin program consisting of the minting and issuance of quarter dollar coins bearing designs, selected in accord- ance with paragraph (4) of this subsection, which are emblematic of the 50 States. If the Secretary deter- mines that such a commemorative coin program is jus- tified but that it is not practicable to commence the program by January 1, 1999, then he shall notify the Committee on Banking and Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Bank- ing, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate of such impracticability and of the date on which the program will commence. ‘‘(1) DESIGN.—The design for each quarter dollar issued under the program shall be emblematic of 1 of the 50 States. The designs for quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the program shall be em- blematic of States which have not previously been commemorated under the program. ‘‘(2) ORDER OF ISSUANCE.—Each State will be hon- ored by a coin in the order of that State’s admission to the United States. ‘‘(3) NUMBER OF COINS.—Of the quarter dollar coins issued during each year of the program, the Secretary shall prescribe, on the basis of such factors as the Secretary determines to be appropriate, the number Page 401 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 of quarter dollar coins which shall be issued with each of the designs selected for such year. ‘‘(4) SELECTION OF DESIGN.—Each of the 50 designs required for quarter dollars issued under the program shall be— ‘‘(A) selected pursuant to a process, decided upon by the Secretary, on the basis of the study con- ducted pursuant to subsection (a), which process shall involve, among other things, consultation with appropriate officials of the State being com- memorated with such design; and ‘‘(B) reviewed by the Citizens Commemorative Coin Advisory Committee and the Commission of Fine Arts. ‘‘(5) TREATMENT AS NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For pur- poses of sections 5134 and 5136 of title 31, United States Code, all coins minted under this section shall be considered to be numismatic items. ‘‘(6) NUMISMATIC ITEMS.— ‘‘(A) QUALITY OF COINS.—The Secretary may mint and issue such number of quarter dollars of each de- sign selected under paragraph (4) of this subsection in uncirculated and proof qualities as the Secretary determines to be appropriate. ‘‘(B) SILVER COINS.—Notwithstanding the provi- sions of subsection 5112(b) of title 31, United States Code, the Secretary may mint and issue such num- ber of quarter dollars of each design selected under paragraph (4) of this subsection as the Secretary de- termines to be appropriate with a content of 90 per- cent silver and 10 percent copper. ‘‘(C) SOURCES OF BULLION.—The Secretary may ob- tain silver for minting coins under paragraph (6)(B) from stockpiles established under the Strategic and Critical Materials Stock Piling Act [50 U.S.C. 98 et seq.]. ‘‘(d) FUNDING.—Funds used to complete this study shall be offset from funds from the Department of the Treasury.’’ DEPOSIT OF PROFITS FROM SALE OF GOLD TO MINT FOR COMMEMORATIVE COIN PROGRAM Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title V, § 523], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–347, provided in part: ‘‘That profits generated from the sale of gold to the United States Mint for this program shall be con- sidered as a receipt to be deposited into the General Fund of the Treasury.’’ USE OF GOVERNMENT PLATINUM RESERVES STOCKPILED AT MINT Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title V, § 524], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–348, provided in part: ‘‘That the Secretary is authorized to use Govern- ment platinum reserves stockpiled at the United States Mint as working inventory and shall ensure that re- serves utilized are replaced by the Mint.’’ REFORM OF COMMEMORATIVE COIN PROGRAMS Pub. L. 103–186, title III, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2251, as amended by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(f) [title V, § 529(b)(4)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–314, 3009–352; Pub. L. 104–316, title I, § 115(h), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3835, provided that: ‘‘SEC. 301. SENSE OF CONGRESS RESOLUTION. ‘‘(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress hereby makes the fol- lowing findings: ‘‘(1) Congress has authorized 18 commemorative coin programs in the 9 years since 1984. ‘‘(2) There are more meritorious causes, events, and people worthy of commemoration than can be hon- ored with commemorative coinage. ‘‘(3) Commemorative coin legislation has increased at a pace beyond that which the numismatic commu- nity can reasonably be expected to absorb. ‘‘(4) It is in the interests of all Members of Congress that a policy be established to control the flow of commemorative coin legislation. ‘‘(b) DECLARATION.—It is the sense of the Congress that the Committee on Banking, Finance and Urban Affairs [now Committee on Financial Services] of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Bank- ing, Housing, and Urban Affairs of the Senate should not report or otherwise clear for consideration by the House of Representatives or the Senate legislation pro- viding for more than 2 commemorative coin programs for any year, unless the committee determines, on the basis of a recommendation by the Citizens Commemo- rative Coin Advisory Committee, that extraordinary merit exists for an additional commemorative coin pro- gram. ‘‘SEC. 302. REPORTS BY RECIPIENTS OF COMMEMO- RATIVE COIN SURCHARGES. ‘‘(a) QUARTERLY FINANCIAL REPORT.— ‘‘(1) IN GENERAL.—Each person who receives, after the date of the enactment of this Act [Dec. 14, 1993], any surcharge derived from the sale of commemora- tive coins under any Act of Congress shall submit a quarterly financial report to the Director of the United States Mint and the Comptroller General of the United States describing in detail the expendi- tures made by such person from the proceeds of the surcharge. ‘‘(2) INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED.—The report under paragraph (1) shall include information on the proportion of the surcharges received during the pe- riod covered by the report to the total revenue of such person during such period, expressed as a per- centage, and the percentage of total revenue during such period which was spent on administrative ex- penses (including salaries, travel, overhead, and fund raising). ‘‘(3) DUE DATES.—Quarterly reports under this sub- section shall be due at the end of the 30-day period beginning on the last day of any calendar quarter during which any surcharge derived from the sale of commemorative coins is received by any person. ‘‘(b) FINAL REPORT.—Each person who receives, after the date of the enactment of this Act, any surcharge derived from the sale of commemorative coins under any Act of Congress shall submit a final report on the expenditures made by such person from the proceeds of all surcharges received by such person, including infor- mation described in subsection (a)(2), before the end of the 1-year period beginning on the last day on which sales of such coins may be made.’’ AMOUNT EQUAL TO PROFIT FROM SALE OF GOLD COINS DEPOSITED IN GENERAL FUND OF TREASURY TO RE- DUCE NATIONAL DEBT Pub. L. 99–185, § 2(f), Dec. 17, 1985, 99 Stat. 1178, pro- vided that an amount equal to the amount by which the proceeds from the sale of the coins issued under 31 U.S.C. 5112(i) exceeded the sum of the cost of minting, marketing, and distributing such coins, and the value of gold certificates (not exceeding forty-two and two- ninths dollars a fine troy ounce) retired from the use of gold contained in such coins, was to be deposited in the general fund of the Treasury and used for the sole pur- pose of reducing the national debt, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(A), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628, effective Oct. 1, 1992. ISSUANCE OF GOLD COINS TO RESULT IN NO NET COST TO UNITED STATES Pub. L. 99–185, § 2(g), Dec. 17, 1985, 99 Stat. 1178, pro- vided that: ‘‘The Secretary shall take all actions nec- essary to ensure that the issuance of the coins minted under section 5112(i) of title 31, United States Code, shall result in no net cost to the United States Govern- ment.’’ COMMEMORATIVE COINS Provisions authorizing commemorative coins were contained in the following acts: Pub. L. 118–143, Dec. 11, 2024, 138 Stat. 1663.—FIFA World Cup 2026. Page 402 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5112 Pub. L. 118–109, Nov. 25, 2024, 138 Stat. 1597.—Working Dogs. Pub. L. 118–10, July 26, 2023, 137 Stat. 56.—United States Marine Corps 250th Anniversary. Pub. L. 117–163, Aug. 3, 2022, 136 Stat. 1353.—Harriet Tubman Bicentennial. Pub. L. 117–162, Aug. 3, 2022, 136 Stat. 1349.—National World War II Memorial. Pub. L. 116–247, Dec. 22, 2020, 134 Stat. 1120.—National Purple Heart Hall of Honor. Pub. L. 116–209, Dec. 4, 2020, 134 Stat. 1011.—Negro Leagues Baseball 100th Anniversary. Pub. L. 116–94, div. K, § 101–108, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 3086.—National Law Enforcement Museum. Pub. L. 116–71, Nov. 25, 2019, 133 Stat. 1147.—Women’s Suffrage Centennial. Pub. L. 116–65, Oct. 9, 2019, 133 Stat. 1124.—Christa McAuliffe. Pub. L. 115–343, Dec. 21, 2018, 132 Stat. 5043.—Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Pub. L. 115–65, Oct. 6, 2017, 131 Stat. 1191.—American Legion 100th Anniversary. Pub. L. 114–282, Dec. 16, 2016, 130 Stat. 1441.—Apollo 11 50th Anniversary. Pub. L. 114–148, Apr. 29, 2016, 130 Stat. 360.—Breast Cancer Awareness. Pub. L. 114–30, July 6, 2015, 129 Stat. 424.—Boys Town Centennial. Pub. L. 113–291, div. B, title XXX, § 3055, Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3808.—National Park Service 100th anniver- sary. Pub. L. 113–212, Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2082.—World War I American Veterans Centennial. Pub. L. 112–209, Dec. 18, 2012, 126 Stat. 1510.—March of Dimes. Pub. L. 112–201, Dec. 4, 2012, 126 Stat. 1479.—Mark Twain. Pub. L. 112–181, Oct. 5, 2012, 126 Stat. 1416.—Lions Clubs International century of service. Pub. L. 112–152, Aug. 3, 2012, 126 Stat. 1155; Pub. L. 113–10, § 1, May 17, 2013, 127 Stat. 445.—National Baseball Hall of Fame. Pub. L. 112–104, Apr. 2, 2012, 126 Stat. 286.—United States Marshals Service 225th anniversary. Pub. L. 111–262, Oct. 8, 2010, 124 Stat. 2780.—5-Star Generals. Pub. L. 111–232, Aug. 16, 2010, 124 Stat. 2490.—Star- Spangled Banner. Pub. L. 111–91, Nov. 6, 2009, 123 Stat. 2980.—Medal of Honor. Pub. L. 111–86, Oct. 29, 2009, 123 Stat. 2881.—Girl Scouts USA centennial. Pub. L. 110–451, Dec. 2, 2008, 122 Stat. 5021.—Civil Rights Act of 1964. Pub. L. 110–450, Dec. 1, 2008, 122 Stat. 5017.—United States Army. Pub. L. 110–363, Oct. 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 4015.—Boy Scouts of America centennial. Pub. L. 110–357, Oct. 8, 2008, 122 Stat. 3998; Pub. L. 112–169, § 1, Aug. 10, 2012, 126 Stat. 1302.—National Infan- try Museum and Soldier Center. Pub. L. 110–277, July 17, 2008, 122 Stat. 2599.—Amer- ican veterans disabled for life. Pub. L. 109–285, Sept. 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 1215; Pub. L. 112–74, div. C, title VI, § 621, Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 926.— Abraham Lincoln. Pub. L. 109–247, July 27, 2006, 120 Stat. 582.—Louis Braille bicentennial—braille literacy. Pub. L. 109–230, §§ 1–7, June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 391–393.— San Francisco Old Mint. Pub. L. 109–146, Dec. 22, 2005, 119 Stat. 2676.—Little Rock Central High School desegregation 50th anniver- sary. Pub. L. 108–486, Dec. 23, 2004, 118 Stat. 3934.—American Bald Eagle Recovery and National Emblem. Pub. L. 108–464, Dec. 21, 2004, 118 Stat. 3878.—Benjamin Franklin. Pub. L. 108–291, Aug. 6, 2004, 118 Stat. 1024.—Marine Corps 230th anniversary. Pub. L. 108–290, Aug. 6, 2004, 118 Stat. 1021.—John Mar- shall. Pub. L. 108–289, Aug. 6, 2004, 118 Stat. 1017; Pub. L. 111–86, § 8(b), Oct. 29, 2009, 123 Stat. 2883.—Jamestown 400th anniversary. Pub. L. 106–435, Nov. 6, 2000, 114 Stat. 1916.—2002 Win- ter Olympic Games. Pub. L. 106–375, Oct. 27, 2000, 114 Stat. 1435.—National Museum of the American Indian. Pub. L. 106–126, title I, Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1643.— Leif Ericson millennium. Pub. L. 106–126, title II, Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1644.— United States Capitol visitor center. Pub. L. 106–126, title III, Dec. 6, 1999, 113 Stat. 1647; Pub. L. 109–232, June 15, 2006, 120 Stat. 395.—Lewis and Clark Expedition bicentennial. Pub. L. 105–331, Oct. 31, 1998, 112 Stat. 3073; Pub. L. 110–3, Feb. 8, 2007, 121 Stat. 6.—Thomas Alva Edison. Pub. L. 105–268, Oct. 19, 1998, 112 Stat. 2378.—Library of Congress bicentennial. Pub. L. 105–124, § 6, Dec. 1, 1997, 111 Stat. 2537.—First flight by Orville and Wilbur Wright. Pub. L. 104–329, § 2, title I, §§ 101–108, Oct. 20, 1996, 110 Stat. 4005–4011; Pub. L. 105–277, div. C, title I, § 139(c), Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–599.—Dolley Madison, George Washington, Black Revolutionary War patriots, Frank- lin Delano Roosevelt Memorial, Yellowstone National Park, National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial, and Jackie Robinson. Pub. L. 104–96, Jan. 10, 1996, 109 Stat. 981.—Smithso- nian Institution sesquicentennial. Pub. L. 103–328, title II, § 204, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2369.—1995 Special Olympics World Games. Pub. L. 103–328, title II, § 205, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2371.—National community service. Pub. L. 103–328, title II, § 206, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2373.—Robert F. Kennedy Memorial. Pub. L. 103–328, title II, § 207, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2375.—United States Military Academy bicentennial. Pub. L. 103–328, title II, § 208, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2377.—United States Botanic Garden. Pub. L. 103–186, title I, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2245.— Thomas Jefferson. Pub. L. 103–186, title II, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2247.— Prisoner-of-war, Vietnam Veterans Memorial, and Women in Military Service for America Memorial. Pub. L. 103–186, title IV, Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2252.— United States Capitol bicentennial. Pub. L. 102–414, Oct. 14, 1992, 106 Stat. 2106.—World War II 50th anniversary. Pub. L. 102–390, title I, Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1620; Pub. L. 104–74, Dec. 26, 1995, 109 Stat. 784.—1996 Olympic Games. Pub. L. 102–379, Oct. 5, 1992, 106 Stat. 1362.—Civil War battlefields. Pub. L. 102–281, title I, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 133; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(G), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628.—White House 200th anniversary. Pub. L. 102–281, title II, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 135; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(H), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1132(a), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 725.—World Cup USA 1994. Pub. L. 102–281, title IV, §§ 401–411, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 139–141; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(I), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628.—Christopher Columbus quincentenary. Pub. L. 102–281, title V, May 13, 1992, 106 Stat. 145; Pub. L. 104–66, title I, § 1132(c), Dec. 21, 1995, 109 Stat. 725.—James Madison and Bill of Rights. Pub. L. 101–495, Oct. 31, 1990, 104 Stat. 1187; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(F), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628.—Korean War Veterans Memorial. Pub. L. 101–406, Oct. 3, 1990, 104 Stat. 879; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(E), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628.—1992 Olympic Games. Pub. L. 101–404, Oct. 2, 1990, 104 Stat. 875; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(D), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628.—United Services Organization 50th anniversary. Pub. L. 101–332, July 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 313; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(C), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628; Pub. L. 103–328, title II, § 209, Sept. 29, 1994, 108 Stat. 2378.—Mount Rushmore National Memorial golden an- niversary. Page 403 TITLE 31—MONEY AND FINANCE § 5114 1 See References in Text note below. Pub. L. 100–673, Nov. 17, 1988, 102 Stat. 3992; Pub. L. 101–36, June 9, 1989, 103 Stat. 69; Pub. L. 101–302, title III, § 312(c), May 25, 1990, 104 Stat. 245; Pub. L. 103–186, title IV, § 408(b), Dec. 14, 1993, 107 Stat. 2253.—United States Congress bicentennial. Pub. L. 100–467, Oct. 3, 1988, 102 Stat. 2275; Pub. L. 102–390, title II, § 221(c)(2)(B), Oct. 6, 1992, 106 Stat. 1628.—Dwight David Eisenhower. Pub. L. 100–141, Oct. 28, 1987, 101 Stat. 832.—1988 Olym- pic Games. Pub. L. 99–582, Oct. 29, 1986, 100 Stat. 3315.—United States Constitution bicentennial. Pub. L. 99–61, title I, July 9, 1985, 99 Stat. 113.—Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island. Pub. L. 97–220, July 22, 1982, 96 Stat. 222.—1984 Olym- pic Games. Executive Documents POSSESSION OF GOLD COINS AND BULLION The possession of gold coins and bullion was prohib- ited except under Government license by Ex. Ord. No. 6260, eff. Aug. 28, 1933. That prohibition was revoked by Ex. Ord. No. 11825, Dec. 31, 1974, 40 F.R. 1003, eff. Dec. 31, 1974. § 5113. Tolerances and testing of coins (a) The Secretary of the Treasury may pre- scribe reasonable manufacturing tolerances for specifications in section 5112 of this title (except for specifications that are limits) for the dollar, half dollar, quarter dollar, and dime coins. The weight of the 5-cent coin may vary not more than 0.194 gram. The weight of the one-cent coin may vary not more than 0.13 gram. Any gold coin issued under section 5112 of this title shall contain the full weight of gold stated on the coin. (b) The Secretary shall keep a record of the kind, number, and weight of each group of coins minted and test a number of the coins sepa- rately to determine if the coins conform to the weight specified in section 5112(a) of this title. If the coins tested do not conform, the Secretary— (1) shall weigh each coin of the group sepa- rately and deface the coins that do not con- form and cast them into bars for reminting; or (2) may remelt the group of coins. (Pub. L. 97–258, Sept. 13, 1982, 96 Stat. 983; Pub. L. 100–274, § 4(b), Mar. 31, 1988, 102 Stat. 50.) HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTES Revised Section Source (U.S. Code) Source (Statutes at Large) 5113(a) ..... 31:350. R.S. § 3537; Sept. 26, 1890, ch. 945, § 1, 26 Stat. 485. 31:398(5). July 23, 1965, Pub. L. 89–81, § 108(5), 79 Stat. 255. 5113(b) ..... 31:351. R.S. § 3538; Aug. 23, 1912, ch. 350, § 1(last par. words before 7th comma under heading ‘‘Assay Office at Salt Lake City, Utah’’), 37 Stat. 384. In subsection (a), the words ‘‘for the dollar, half dol- lar, quarter dollar, and dime coins’’ are added because of the restatement. The words ‘‘0.194 gram’’ are sub- stituted for ‘‘three grains’’, and the words ‘‘0.13 gram’’ are substituted for ‘‘two grains’’, for consistency in the revised chapter. In subsection (b), before clause (1), the words ‘‘Sec- retary shall keep a record of the kind, number, and weight of each group of coins minted’’ are substituted for 31:351(1st sentence) because of the source provisions restated in section 321(c) of the revised title. In clause (1), the words ‘‘deface the coins that do not conform and cast them into bars for reminting’’ are substituted for ‘‘shall be defaced and delivered to the super- intendent of melting and refining department as stand- ard bullion, to be again formed into ingots and recoined’’ for consistency in the revised chapter and to eliminate unnecessary words. In clause (2), the words ‘‘if more convenient’’ are omitted as surplus. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 1988—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–274 inserted at end ‘‘Any gold coin issued under section 5112 of this title shall contain the full weight of gold stated on the coin.’’ § 5114. Engraving and printing currency and se- curity documents (a) AUTHORITY TO ENGRAVE AND PRINT.— (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of the Treas- ury shall engrave and print United States cur- rency and bonds of the United States Govern- ment and currency and bonds of United States territories and possessions from intaglio plates on plate printing presses the Secretary selects. However, other security documents and checks may be printed by any process the Secretary selects. Engraving and printing shall be carried out within the Department of the Treasury if the Secretary decides the en- graving and printing can be carried out as cheaply, perfectly, and safely as outside the Department. (2) ENGRAVING AND PRINTING FOR OTHER GOV- ERNMENTS.—The Secretary of the Treasury may produce currency, postage stamps, and other security documents for foreign govern- ments if— (A) the Secretary of the Treasury deter- mines that such production will not inter- fere with engraving and printing needs of the United States; and (B) the Secretary of State determines that such production would be consistent with the foreign policy of the United States. (3) PROCUREMENT GUIDELINES.—Articles, ma- terial, and supplies procured for use in the production of currency, postage stamps, and other security documents for foreign govern- ments pursuant to paragraph (2) shall be treat- ed in the same manner as articles, material, and supplies procured for public use within the United States for purposes of title III of the Act of March 3, 1933 (41 U.S.C. 10a et seq.; com- monly referred to as the Buy American Act).1 (b) United States currency has the inscription ‘‘In God We Trust’’ in a place the Secretary de- cides is appropriate. Only the portrait of a de- ceased individual may appear on United States currency and securities. The name of the indi- vidual shall be inscribed below the portrait. (c) The Secretary may make a contract to manufacture distinctive paper for United States currency and securities. To promote competi- tion among manufacturers of the distinctive paper, the Secretary may split the award for the manufacture of the paper between the 2 bidders with the lowest prices a pound. When the Sec- retary decides that it is necessary to operate more than one mill to manufacture distinctive paper, the Secretary may—