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7 U.S.C. § 8921 — Research and development of agricultural
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2255
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 8921
1 See References in Text note below.
experience, and competence with plant dis-
eases or pests of concern.
(5) Authorization of appropriations
In addition to the amount authorized to
carry out this subtitle under section 12205,1
there is authorized to be appropriated to carry
out this subsection $15,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2019 through 2023.
(d) National Plant Disease Recovery System
(1) Recovery System
The Secretary shall establish in the Depart-
ment of Agriculture a National Plant Disease
Recovery System to engage in strategic long-
range planning to recover from high-con-
sequence plant transboundary diseases.
(2) Requirements
The National Plant Disease Recovery Sys-
tem established under paragraph (1) shall—
(A) coordinate with disease or pest of con-
cern concept of operations response plans;
(B) make long-range plans for the initi-
ation of future research projects relating to
high-consequence plant transboundary dis-
eases;
(C) establish research plans for long-term
recovery;
(D) plan for the identification and use of
specific genotypes, cultivars, breeding lines,
and other disease-resistant materials nec-
essary for crop stabilization or improve-
ment; and
(E) establish a watch list of high-con-
sequence plant transboundary diseases for
the purpose of making long-range plans
under subparagraph (B).
(Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, § 12203, Dec. 20, 2018,
132 Stat. 4946.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Section 12202, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), means sec-
tion 12202 of Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, Dec. 20, 2018, 132
Stat. 4944, which enacted section 6922 of this title.
The amount authorized to carry out this subtitle
under section 12205, referred to in subsec. (c)(5), means
the amount
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Page 2255
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 8921
1 See References in Text note below.
experience, and competence with plant dis-
eases or pests of concern.
(5) Authorization of appropriations
In addition to the amount authorized to
carry out this subtitle under section 12205,1
there is authorized to be appropriated to carry
out this subsection $15,000,000 for each of fiscal
years 2019 through 2023.
(d) National Plant Disease Recovery System
(1) Recovery System
The Secretary shall establish in the Depart-
ment of Agriculture a National Plant Disease
Recovery System to engage in strategic long-
range planning to recover from high-con-
sequence plant transboundary diseases.
(2) Requirements
The National Plant Disease Recovery Sys-
tem established under paragraph (1) shall—
(A) coordinate with disease or pest of con-
cern concept of operations response plans;
(B) make long-range plans for the initi-
ation of future research projects relating to
high-consequence plant transboundary dis-
eases;
(C) establish research plans for long-term
recovery;
(D) plan for the identification and use of
specific genotypes, cultivars, breeding lines,
and other disease-resistant materials nec-
essary for crop stabilization or improve-
ment; and
(E) establish a watch list of high-con-
sequence plant transboundary diseases for
the purpose of making long-range plans
under subparagraph (B).
(Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, § 12203, Dec. 20, 2018,
132 Stat. 4946.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Section 12202, referred to in subsec. (b)(3), means sec-
tion 12202 of Pub. L. 115–334, title XII, Dec. 20, 2018, 132
Stat. 4944, which enacted section 6922 of this title.
The amount authorized to carry out this subtitle
under section 12205, referred to in subsec. (c)(5), means
the amount authorized to carry out subtitle B
(§§ 12201–12205) of title XII of Pub. L. 115–334, Dec. 20,
2018, 132 Stat. 4944, which enacted sections 6922 and 8914
of this title, amended section 8401 of this title, and re-
pealed section 8911 of this title, under section 12205 of
such Act, which was not classified to the Code.
CODIFICATION
Section was enacted as part of the Agriculture Im-
provement Act of 2018, and not as part of the Depart-
ment of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 which
in part comprises this chapter.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
DEFINITION OF ‘‘SECRETARY’’
‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Agriculture, see
section 2 of Pub. L. 115–334, set out as a note under sec-
tion 9001 of this title.
SUBCHAPTER II—OTHER PROVISIONS
§ 8921. Research and development of agricultural
countermeasures
(a) Grant program
(1) Competitive grant program
The Secretary shall establish a competitive
grant program to encourage basic and applied
research and the development of qualified ag-
ricultural countermeasures.
(2) Waiver in emergencies
The Secretary may waive the requirement
under paragraph (1) that a grant be provided
on a competitive basis if—
(A) the Secretary has declared a plant or
animal disease emergency under the Plant
Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq.) or the
Animal Health Protection Act (7 U.S.C. 8301
et seq.); and
(B) waiving the requirement would lead to
the rapid development of a qualified agricul-
tural countermeasure, as determined by the
Secretary.
(b) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to
carry out this section—
(1) $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008
through 2013; and
(2) $15,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014
through 2023.
(Pub. L. 110–234, title XIV, § 14121, May 22, 2008,
122 Stat. 1455; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title XIV,
§ 14121, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2217; Pub. L.
113–79, title VII, § 7503, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 900;
Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, § 7403, Dec. 20, 2018, 132
Stat. 4817.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The Plant Protection Act, referred to in subsec.
(a)(2)(A), is title IV of Pub. L. 106–224, June 20, 2000, 114
Stat. 438, which is classified principally to chapter 104
(§ 7701 et seq.) of this title. For complete classification
of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out
under section 7701 of this title and Tables.
The Animal Health Protection Act, referred to in
subsec. (a)(2)(A), is subtitle E (§§ 10401–10418) of title X
of Pub. L. 107–171, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat. 494, which is
classified principally to chapter 109 (§ 8301 et seq.) of
this title. For complete classification of this Act to the
Code, see Short Title note set out under section 8301 of
this title and Tables.
CODIFICATION
Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical
sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of
Pub. L. 110–246.
AMENDMENTS
2018—Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted ‘‘2023’’
for ‘‘2018’’.
2014—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113–79 substituted ‘‘are au-
thorized to be appropriated to carry out this section—
’’ for ‘‘is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this
section $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2008 through
2012.’’ and added pars. (1) and (2).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L.
110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the
Page 2256
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 8922
date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of
Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of
this title.
DEFINITION OF ‘‘SECRETARY’’
‘‘Secretary’’ as meaning the Secretary of Agri-
culture, see section 8701 of this title.
§ 8922. Agricultural biosecurity grant program
(a) Competitive grant program
The Secretary shall establish a competitive
grant program to promote the development of
teaching programs in agriculture, veterinary
medicine, and disciplines closely allied to the
food and agriculture system to increase the
number of trained individuals with an expertise
in agricultural biosecurity.
(b) Eligibility
The Secretary may award a grant under this
section only to an entity that is—
(1) an accredited school of veterinary medi-
cine; or
(2) a department of an institution of higher
education with a primary focus on—
(A) comparative medicine;
(B) veterinary science; or
(C) agricultural biosecurity.
(c) Preference
The Secretary shall give preference in award-
ing grants based on the ability of an applicant—
(1) to increase the number of veterinarians
or individuals with advanced degrees in food
and agriculture disciplines who are trained in
agricultural biosecurity practice areas;
(2) to increase research capacity in areas of
agricultural biosecurity; or
(3) to fill critical agricultural biosecurity
shortage situations outside of the Federal
Government.
(d) Use of funds
(1) In general
Amounts received under this section shall be
used by a grantee to pay—
(A) costs associated with the acquisition of
equipment and other capital costs relating
to the expansion of food, agriculture, and
veterinary medicine teaching programs in
agricultural biosecurity;
(B) capital costs associated with the ex-
pansion of academic programs that offer
postgraduate training for veterinarians or
concurrent training for veterinary students
in specific areas of specialization; or
(C) other capacity and infrastructure pro-
gram costs that the Secretary considers ap-
propriate.
(2) Limitation
Funds received under this section may not
be used for the construction, renovation, or re-
habilitation of a building or facility.
(e) Authorization of appropriations
There are authorized to be appropriated to
carry out this section—
(1) such sums as are necessary for each of fis-
cal years 2008 through 2013, to remain avail-
able until expended; and
(2) $5,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2014
through 2023, to remain available until ex-
pended.
(Pub. L. 110–234, title XIV, § 14122, May 22, 2008,
122 Stat. 1456; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title XIV,
§ 14122, June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 2218; Pub. L.
113–79, title VII, § 7504, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 901;
Pub. L. 115–334, title VII, § 7404, Dec. 20, 2018, 132
Stat. 4817.)
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 enacted identical
sections. Pub. L. 110–234 was repealed by section 4(a) of
Pub. L. 110–246.
AMENDMENTS
2018—Subsec. (e)(2). Pub. L. 115–334 substituted ‘‘2023’’
for ‘‘2018’’.
2014—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 113–79 struck out ‘‘sums as
are necessary’’ after ‘‘appropriated’’, substituted ‘‘sec-
tion—’’ for ‘‘section for each of fiscal years 2008
through 2012, to remain available until expended.’’, and
added pars. (1) and (2).
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
EFFECTIVE DATE
Enactment of this section and repeal of Pub. L.
110–234 by Pub. L. 110–246 effective May 22, 2008, the
date of enactment of Pub. L. 110–234, see section 4 of
Pub. L. 110–246, set out as a note under section 8701 of
this title.
DEFINITION OF ‘‘SECRETARY’’
‘‘Secretary’’ as meaning the Secretary of Agri-
culture, see section 8701 of this title.
CHAPTER 115—AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY
POLICY AND PROGRAMS
Sec.
9001.
Definition of Secretary of Agriculture.
SUBCHAPTER I—COMMODITY POLICY
9011.
Definitions.
9012.
Base acres.
9013.
Payment yields.
9014.
Payment acres.
9015.
Producer election.
9016.
Price loss coverage.
9017.
Agriculture risk coverage.
9018.
Producer agreements.
9019.
Repealed.
SUBCHAPTER II—MARKETING LOANS
9031.
Availability of nonrecourse marketing assist-
ance loans for loan commodities.
9032.
Loan rates for nonrecourse marketing assist-
ance loans.
9033.
Term of loans.
9034.
Repayment of loans.
9035.
Loan deficiency payments.
9036.
Payments in lieu of loan deficiency payments
for grazed acreage.
9037.
Special marketing loan provisions for upland
cotton.
9038.
Special competitive provisions for extra long
staple cotton.
9039.
Availability of recourse loans for high mois-
ture feed grains and seed cotton.
9040.
Adjustments of loans.
SUBCHAPTER III—DAIRY
PART A—DAIRY MARGIN COVERAGE
9051.
Definitions.
9052.
Calculation of average feed cost and actual
dairy production margins.
9053.
Dairy margin coverage.
Cross-references
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Funds under this Act (other than those made available for [section 7784(f) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section7784/f&num=0&edition=prelim)) are intended to supplement, not replace, assistance available to weed management entities, areas, and districts for control or eradication of noxious weeds on Federal lands and non-Federal lands. The provision of funds to a weed management entity under this Act (other than those made available for [section 7784(f) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section7784/f&num=0&edition=prelim)) shall have no effect on the amount of any payment received by a county from the Federal Government under chapter 69 of title 31.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2083
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 7701
1 So in original.
(A) shall be to the excepted civil service;
and
(B) may not exceed a period of 2 years.
(Pub. L. 105–185, title VI, § 620, as added Pub. L.
107–171, title VII, § 7219, May 13, 2002, 116 Stat.
449.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
The General Schedule, referred to in subsecs.
(b)(2)(C), (4)(A)(iv), (B), (d)(2)(A), and (f)(1)(A), is set out
under section 5332 of Title 5, Government Organization
and Employees.
Level I of the Executive Schedule, referred to in sub-
sec. (d)(2)(B), is set out in section 5312 of Title 5, Gov-
ernment Organization and Employees.
PART C—STUDIES
§§ 7671, 7672. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–79, title VII,
§ 7311, Feb. 7, 2014, 128 Stat. 893
Section 7671, Pub. L. 105–185, title VI, § 631, June 23,
1998, 112 Stat. 608, related to evaluation and assessment
of agricultural research, extension, and education pro-
grams.
Section 7672, Pub. L. 105–185, title VI, § 632, June 23,
1998, 112 Stat. 608, related to study of federally funded
agricultural research, extension, and education.
CHAPTER 104—PLANT PROTECTION
Sec.
7701.
Findings.
7702.
Definitions.
SUBCHAPTER I—PLANT PROTECTION
7711.
Regulation of movement of plant pests.
7712.
Regulation of movement of plants, plant
products, biological control organisms, nox-
ious weeds, articles, and means of convey-
ance.
7712a.
Reduction in backlog of agricultural export
petitions.
7713.
Notification and holding requirements upon
arrival.
7714.
General remedial measures for new plant
pests and noxious weeds.
7715.
Declaration of extraordinary emergency and
resulting authorities.
7716.
Recovery of compensation for unauthorized
activities.
7717.
Control of grasshoppers and Mormon crickets.
7718.
Certification for expo
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 7 U.S.C. § 7701
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Congress finds that—
(1) the prevention, detection, control, and eradication of diseases and pests of animals are essential to protect—
(A) animal health;
(B) the health and welfare of the people of the United States;
(C) the economic interests of the livestock and related industries of the United States;
(D) the environment of the United States; and
(E) interstate commerce and foreign commerce of the United States in animals and other articles;
(2) animal diseases and pests are primarily transmitted by animals and articles regulated under this chapter;
(3) the health of animals is affected by the methods by which animals and articles are transported in interstate commerce and foreign commerce;
(4) the Secretary must continue to conduct research on animal diseases and pests that constitute a threat to the livestock of the United States; and
(5)
(A) all animals and articles regulated under this chapter are in or affect interstate commerce or foreign commerce; and
(B) regulation by the Secretary and cooperation by the Secretary with foreign countries, States or other jurisdictions, or persons are necessary—
(i) to prevent and eliminate burdens on interstate commerce and foreign commerce;
(ii) to regulate effectively interstate commerce and foreign commerce; and
(iii) to protect the agriculture, environment, economy, and health and welfare of the people of the United States.
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 2185
TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE
§ 8301
1 See References in Text note below.
tled to receive payments under this chapter may
not exceed 500 acres.
(c) Regulations
The Secretary shall promulgate regulations—
(1) defining the term ‘‘person’’ for the pur-
poses of this chapter, which shall conform, to
the maximum extent practicable, to the regu-
lations defining the term ‘‘person’’ promul-
gated under section 1308 of this title (before
the amendment made by section 1603(a) 1 of the
Food, Conservation, and Energy Act of 2008);
and
(2) promulgating such regulations as the
Secretary determines necessary to ensure a
fair and reasonable application of the limita-
tion established under this section.
(Pub. L. 107–171, title X, § 10204, May 13, 2002, 116
Stat. 491; Pub. L. 110–234, title I, § 1603(g)(4), May
22, 2008, 122 Stat. 1011; Pub. L. 110–246, § 4(a), title
I, § 1603(g)(4), June 18, 2008, 122 Stat. 1664, 1740;
Pub. L. 113–79, title I, § 1609(b)(1), Feb. 7, 2014, 128
Stat. 709.)
Editorial Notes
REFERENCES IN TEXT
Section 1308 of this title (before the amendment made
by section 1603(a) of the Food, Conservation, and En-
ergy Act of 2008), referred to in subsec. (c)(1), means
section 1308 of this title before the amendment by sec-
tion 1603(a) of Pub. L. 110–246, which amended the defi-
nition of ‘‘covered commodity’’ in section 1308(a)(1).
Section 1603(b) of Pub. L. 110–246 amended section 1308
by, among other things, adding subsec. (a)(4) which de-
fined ‘‘person’’ and striking out subsec. (e) which re-
lated to issuance of regulations defining ‘‘person’’. The
amendments by section 1603 of Pub. L. 110–246 to sec-
tion 1308 were effective May 22, 2008.
CODIFICATION
Pub. L. 110–234 and Pub. L. 110–246 made identical
amendments to this section. The amen
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Definitions** In this section:
(1) **Animal** — The term “animal” has the meaning given the term in [section 8302 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section8302&num=0&edition=prelim).
(2) **Disease or pest of concern** — The term “disease or pest of concern” means a plant or animal disease or pest that—
(A) is—
(i) a transboundary disease; or
(ii) an established disease; and
(B) is likely to pose a significant risk to the food and agriculture critical infrastructure sector that warrants efforts at prevention, protection, mitigation, response, and recovery.
(3) **Established disease** — The term “established disease” means a plant or animal disease or pest that—
(A)
(i) if it becomes established, poses an imminent threat to agriculture in the United States; or
(ii) has become established, as defined by the Secretary, within the United States; and
(B) requires management.
(4) **High-consequence plant transboundary disease** — The term “high-consequence plant transboundary disease” means a transboundary disease that is—
(A)
(i) a plant disease; or
(ii) a plant pest; and
(B) of high consequence, as determined by the Secretary.
(5) **Pest** — The term “pest”—
(A) with respect to a plant, has the meaning given the term “plant pest” in [section 7702 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section7702&num=0&edition=prelim); and
(B) with respect to an animal, has the meaning given the term in [section 8302 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title7-section8302&num=0&edition=prelim).
(6) **Plant** — The term “plant” has the meaning given the term in [section 7702 of this title](https://
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