22 U.S.C. § 5901 — Demilitarization of independent states of

Page 1725 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 5901 (1) the term ‘‘contractor’’ means a National Aeronautics and Space Administration con- tractor to the extent that the acquisition of space hardware, space technology, or space services from the independent states of the former Soviet Union may be relevant to the contractor’s responsibilities under the con- tract; and (2) the term ‘‘designated congressional com- mittees’’ means the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representa- tives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and the Com- mittee on Foreign Relations of the Senate. (Pub. L. 102–511, title VI, § 604, Oct. 24, 1992, 106 Stat. 3348.) CHAPTER 68—DEMILITARIZATION OF FORMER SOVIET UNION SUBCHAPTER I—FINDINGS AND PROGRAM AUTHORITY Sec. 5901. Demilitarization of independent states of former Soviet Union. 5902. Repealed. SUBCHAPTER II—ADMINISTRATIVE AND FUNDING AUTHORITIES 5911. Administration of demilitarization programs. SUBCHAPTER III—REPORTING REQUIREMENTS 5921. Repealed. 5922. Quarterly reports on programs. SUBCHAPTER IV—JOINT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS 5931. Programs with states of former Soviet Union. SUBCHAPTER I—FINDINGS AND PROGRAM AUTHORITY § 5901. Demilitarization of independent states of former Soviet Union The Congress finds that it is in the national security interest of the United States— (1) to facilitate, on a priority basis— (A) the transportation, storage, safe- guarding, and destruction of nuclear and other weapons of the independent states of the former Soviet Union, including the safe and secure storage of fissile materials, dis- mantlement of missiles and launchers, and the elimination of chemical and biological weapons capabilities; (B) the prevention of proliferation of weap- ons of mass destruction and their compo- nents and destabilizing conventional weap- ons of the independent states of the former Soviet Union, and the establishment of verifiable safeguards against the prolifera- tion of such weapons; (C) the prevention of diversion of weapons- related scientific expertise of the former So- viet Union to terrorist groups or third coun- tries; and (D) other efforts designed to reduce the military threat from the former Soviet Union; (2) to support the demilitarization of the massive defense-related industry and equip- ment of the independent states of the former Soviet Union and conversion of such industry and equipment to civilian purposes and uses; and (3) to expand military-to-military contacts between the United States and the inde- pendent states of the former Soviet Union. (Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1411, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2563.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1401, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2563, provided that: ‘‘This title [enacting this chapter and amending provisions set out as a note under section 2551 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Former Soviet Union Demilitarization Act of 1992’.’’ POLICY ON REDUCTION OF RUSSIAN NUCLEAR FORCES Pub. L. 106–38, § 3, July 22, 1999, 113 Stat. 205, provided that: ‘‘It is the policy of the United States to seek con- tinued negotiated reductions in Russian nuclear forces.’’ NUCLEAR WEAPONS REDUCTION Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIII, § 1321, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2549, provided that: ‘‘(a) FINDINGS.—The Congress makes the following findings: ‘‘(1) On February 1, 1992, the President of the United States and the President of the Russian Federation agreed in a Joint Statement that ‘Russia and the United States do not regard each other as potential adversaries’ and stated further that, ‘We will work to remove any remnants of cold war hostility, including taking steps to reduce our strategic arsenals’. ‘‘(2) In the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nu- clear Weapons, in exchange for the non-nuclear-weap- on states agreeing not to seek a nuclear weapons ca- pability nor to assist other non-nuclear-weapon states in doing so, the United States agreed to seek the complete elimination of all nuclear weapons worldwide, as declared in the preamble to the Treaty, which states that it is a goal of the parties to the Treaty to ‘facilitate the cessation of the manufacture of nuclear weapons, the liquidation of all their exist- ing stockpiles, and the elimination from national ar- senals of nuclear weapons and the means of their de- livery’ as well as in Article VI of the Treaty, which states that ‘each of the parties to the Treaty under- takes to pursue negotiations in good faith on effec- tive measures relating to the cessation of the nuclear arms race at an early date and to nuclear disar- mament’. ‘‘(3) Carrying out a policy of seeking further signifi- cant and continuous reductions in the nuclear arse- nals of all countries, besides reducing the likelihood of the proliferation of nuclear weapons and increasing the likelihood of a successful extension and possible strengthening of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons in 1995, when the Treaty is sched- uled for review and possible extension, has additional benefits to the national security of the United States, including— ‘‘(A) a reduced risk of accidental enablement and launch of a nuclear weapon, and ‘‘(B) a defense cost savings which could be reallo- cated for deficit reduction or other important na- tional needs. ‘‘(4) The Strategic Arms Reduction Talks (START) Treaty and the agreement by the President of the United States and the President of the Russian Fed- eration on June 17, 1992, to reduce the strategic nu- clear arsenals of each country to a level between 3,000 and 3,500 weapons are commendable intermediate stages in the process of achieving the policy goals de- scribed in paragraphs (1) and (2). Page 1726 TITLE 22—FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE § 5902 1 See References in Text note below. ‘‘(5) The current international era of cooperation provides greater opportunities for achieving world- wide reduction and control of nuclear weapons and material than any time since the emergence of nu- clear weapons 50 years ago. ‘‘(6) It is in the security interests of both the United States and the world community for the President and the Congress to begin the process of re- ducing the number of nuclear weapons in every coun- try through multilateral agreements and other ap- propriate means. ‘‘(7) In a 1991 study, a committee of the National Academy of Sciences concluded that: ‘The appro- priate new levels of nuclear weapons cannot be speci- fied at this time, but it seems reasonable to the com- mittee that U.S. strategic forces could in time be re- duced to 1,000–2,000 nuclear warheads, provided that such a multilateral agreement included appropriate levels and verification measures for the other nations that possess nuclear weapons. This step would require successful implementation of our proposed post- START U.S.-Soviet reductions, related confidence- building measures in all the countries involved, and multilateral security cooperation in areas such as conventional force deployments and planning.’. ‘‘(b) UNITED STATES POLICY.—It shall be the goal of the United States— ‘‘(1) to encourage and facilitate the denuclearization of Ukraine, Byelarus, and Kazakhstan, as agreed upon in the Lisbon ministerial meeting of May 23, 1992; ‘‘(2) to rapidly complete and submit for ratification by the United States the treaty incorporating the agreement of June 17, 1992, between the United States and the Russian Federation to reduce the number of strategic nuclear weapons in each country’s arsenal to a level between 3,000 and 3,500; ‘‘(3) to facilitate the ability of the Russian Federa- tion, Ukraine, Byelarus, and Kazakhstan to imple- ment agreed mutual reductions under the START Treaty, and under the Joint Understanding of June 16–17, 1992 between the United States and the Russian Federation, on an accelerated timetable, so that all such reductions can be completed by the year 2000; ‘‘(4) to build on the agreement reached in the Joint Understanding of June 16–17, 1992, by entering into multilateral negotiations with the Russian Federa- tion, the United Kingdom, France, and the People’s Republic of China, and, at an appropriate point in that process, enter into negotiations with other nu- clear armed states in order to reach subsequent stage-by-stage agreements to achieve further reduc- tions in the number of nuclear weapons in all coun- tries; ‘‘(5) to continue and extend cooperative discussions with the appropriate authorities of the former Soviet military on means to maintain and improve secure command and control over nuclear forces; ‘‘(6) in consultation with other member countries of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and other al- lies, to initiate discussions to bring tactical nuclear weapons into the arms control process; and ‘‘(7) to ensure that the United States assistance to securely transport and store, and ultimately dis- mantle, former Soviet nuclear weapons and missiles for such weapons is being properly and effectively utilized. ‘‘(c) ANNUAL REPORT.—By February 1 of each year, the President shall submit to the Congress a report on— ‘‘(1) the actions that the United States has taken, and the actions the United States plans to take dur- ing the next 12 months, to achieve each of the goals set forth in paragraphs (1) through (6) of subsection (b); and ‘‘(2) the actions that have been taken by the Rus- sian Federation, by other former Soviet republics, and by other countries to achieve those goals. Each such report shall be submitted in unclassified form, with a classified appendix if necessary.’’ § 5902. Repealed. Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(2), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606 Section, Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1412, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2563, authorized the President to es- tablish and conduct programs to assist the demili- tarization of the independent states of the former So- viet Union. SUBCHAPTER II—ADMINISTRATIVE AND FUNDING AUTHORITIES § 5911. Administration of demilitarization pro- grams (a) Funding (1) In recognition of the direct contributions to the national security interests of the United States of the activities specified in section 5902 of this title, funds transferred under sections 108 and 109 of Public Law 102–229 (105 Stat. 1708) are authorized to be made available to carry out this chapter. Of the amount available to carry out this chapter— (A) not more than $40,000,000 may be made available for programs referred to in section 5902(b)(4) of this title relating to demilitariza- tion of defense industries; (B) not more than $15,000,000 may be made available for programs referred to in section 5902(b)(6) of this title relating to military-to- military contacts; (C) not more than $25,000,000 may be made available for joint research development pro- grams pursuant to section 5931 of this title; (D) not more than $10,000,000 may be made available for the study, assessment, and iden- tification of nuclear waste disposal activities by the former Soviet Union in the Arctic re- gion; (E) not more than $25,000,000 may be made available for Project PEACE; and (F) not more than $10,000,000 may be made available for the Volunteers Investing in Peace and Security (VIPS) program under chapter 89 1 of title 10. (2), (3) Omitted. (b) Omitted (Pub. L. 102–484, div. A, title XIV, § 1421, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2564.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT Sections 108 and 109 of Public Law 102–229 (105 Stat. 1708), referred to in subsec. (a)(1), are not classified to the Code. Chapter 89 of title 10, referred to in subsec. (a)(1)(F), was repealed by Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title X, § 1061(a)(1), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 442. CODIFICATION Section is comprised of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484. Subsec. (a)(2) and (3) of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484 amended section 221 of Pub. L. 102–228, which was set out in a note under section 2551 of this title and was re- pealed by Pub. L. 113–291, div. A, title XIII, § 1351(1), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 3606. Subsec. (b) of section 1421 of Pub. L. 102–484 amended sections 108 and 109 of Pub. L. 102–229, which are not classified to the Code.