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2 U.S.C. § 1314 — Rights and protections under Employee

Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

2 U.S.C. § 1314 — Rights and protections under Employee

Page 313 TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS § 1315 ‘‘(2) ADMINISTRATION.—In the administration of this subsection, the remedies and procedures under the Fair Employment Practices Resolution shall be ap- plied. As used in this paragraph, the term ‘‘Fair Em- ployment Practices Resolution’’ means House Resolu- tion 558, One Hundredth Congress, agreed to October 4, 1988, as continued in effect by House Resolution 15, One Hundred First Congress, agreed to January 3, 1989. ‘‘(b) ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL EMPLOYEES.—Not later than 180 days after the date the minimum wage rate prescribed by section 6(a)(1) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)) is increased pursuant to the amendment made by section 2, the rights and protections under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) shall apply with re- spect to individuals employed under the Office of the Architect of the Capitol.’’ § 1314. Rights and protections under Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 (a) Polygraph practices prohibited (1) In general No employing office, irrespective of whether a covered employee works in that employing office, may require a covered employee to take a lie detector test where such a test would be prohibited if required by an employer under paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of section 3 of the Em- ployee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 (29 U.S.C. 2002(1), (2), or (3)). In addition, the waiv- er provisions of section 6(d) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 2005(d)) shall apply to covered employ- ees. (2) Definitions For purposes of this section, the term ‘‘cov- ered employee’’ shall include employees of the Government Accountability Office and the term ‘‘employing office’’ shall include the Government Accountability Office. (3) Capitol Police Nothing in thi

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Source file: Laws/federal/codes/united-states-code-2024/title-2/section-1314-rights-and-protections-under-employee--c327bb5d8f.md
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Page 313 TITLE 2—THE CONGRESS § 1315 ‘‘(2) ADMINISTRATION.—In the administration of this subsection, the remedies and procedures under the Fair Employment Practices Resolution shall be ap- plied. As used in this paragraph, the term ‘‘Fair Em- ployment Practices Resolution’’ means House Resolu- tion 558, One Hundredth Congress, agreed to October 4, 1988, as continued in effect by House Resolution 15, One Hundred First Congress, agreed to January 3, 1989. ‘‘(b) ARCHITECT OF THE CAPITOL EMPLOYEES.—Not later than 180 days after the date the minimum wage rate prescribed by section 6(a)(1) of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 206(a)(1)) is increased pursuant to the amendment made by section 2, the rights and protections under the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 (29 U.S.C. 201 et seq.) shall apply with re- spect to individuals employed under the Office of the Architect of the Capitol.’’ § 1314. Rights and protections under Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 (a) Polygraph practices prohibited (1) In general No employing office, irrespective of whether a covered employee works in that employing office, may require a covered employee to take a lie detector test where such a test would be prohibited if required by an employer under paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of section 3 of the Em- ployee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 (29 U.S.C. 2002(1), (2), or (3)). In addition, the waiv- er provisions of section 6(d) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 2005(d)) shall apply to covered employ- ees. (2) Definitions For purposes of this section, the term ‘‘cov- ered employee’’ shall include employees of the Government Accountability Office and the term ‘‘employing office’’ shall include the Government Accountability Office. (3) Capitol Police Nothing in this section shall preclude the Capitol Police from using lie detector tests in accordance with regulations under subsection (c). (b) Remedy The remedy for a violation of subsection (a) shall be such remedy as would be appropriate if awarded under section 6(c)(1) of the Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 (29 U.S.C. 2005(c)(1)). (c) Regulations to implement section (1) In general The Board shall, pursuant to section 1384 of this title, issue regulations to implement this section. (2) Agency regulations The regulations issued under paragraph (1) shall be the same as substantive regulations promulgated by the Secretary of Labor to im- plement the statutory provisions referred to in subsections (a) and (b) except insofar as the Board may determine, for good cause shown and stated together with the regulation, that a modification of such regulations would be more effective for the implementation of the rights and protections under this section. (d) Effective date (1) In general Except as provided in paragraph (2), sub- sections (a) and (b) shall be effective 1 year after January 23, 1995. (2) Government Accountability Office and Li- brary of Congress This section shall be effective with respect to the Government Accountability Office and the Library of Congress 1 year after trans- mission to the Congress of the study under section 1371 of this title. (Pub. L. 104–1, title II, § 204, Jan. 23, 1995, 109 Stat. 10; Pub. L. 108–271, § 8(b), July 7, 2004, 118 Stat. 814; Pub. L. 115–141, div. I, title I, § 153(a)(2)(A), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 785.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2018—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 115–141 struck out ‘‘and the Library of Congress’’ after ‘‘the Government Ac- countability Office’’ in two places. 2004—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 108–271 substituted ‘‘Gov- ernment Accountability Office’’ for ‘‘General Account- ing Office’’ in two places. Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 108–271 substituted ‘‘Govern- ment Accountability Office’’ for ‘‘General Accounting Office’’ in heading and text. § 1315. Rights and protections under Worker Ad- justment and Retraining Notification Act (a) Worker adjustment and retraining notifica- tion rights (1) In general No employing office shall be closed or a mass layoff ordered within the meaning of sec- tion 3 of the Worker Adjustment and Retrain- ing Notification Act (29 U.S.C. 2102) until the end of a 60-day period after the employing of- fice serves written notice of such prospective closing or layoff to representatives of covered employees or, if there are no representatives, to covered employees. (2) Definitions For purposes of this section, the term ‘‘cov- ered employee’’ shall include employees of the Government Accountability Office and the term ‘‘employing office’’ shall include the Government Accountability Office. (b) Remedy The remedy for a violation of subsection (a) shall be such remedy as would be appropriate if awarded under paragraphs (1), (2), and (4) of sec- tion 5(a) of the Worker Adjustment and Retrain- ing Notification Act (29 U.S.C. 2104(a)(1), (2), and (4)). (c) Regulations to implement section (1) In general The Board shall, pursuant to section 1384 of this title, issue regulations to implement this section. (2) Agency regulations The regulations issued under paragraph (1) shall be the same as substantive regulations promulgated by the Secretary of Labor to im-

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

2 U.S.C. § 1314 — Rights and protections under Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988

**(a) Polygraph practices prohibited** (1) **In general** — No employing office, irrespective of whether a covered employee works in that employing office, may require a covered employee to take a lie detector test where such a test would be prohibited if required by an employer under paragraph (1), (2), or (3) of section 3 of the Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 ([29 U.S.C. 2002(1)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section2002/1&num=0&edition=prelim), (2), or (3)). In addition, the waiver provisions of section 6(d) of such Act ([29 U.S.C. 2005(d)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section2005/d&num=0&edition=prelim)) shall apply to covered employees. (2) **Definitions** — For purposes of this section, the term “covered employee” shall include employees of the Government Accountability Office and the term “employing office” shall include the Government Accountability Office. (3) **Capitol Police** — Nothing in this section shall preclude the Capitol Police from using lie detector tests in accordance with regulations under subsection (c). **(b) Remedy** The remedy for a violation of subsection (a) shall be such remedy as would be appropriate if awarded under section 6(c)(1) of the Employee Polygraph Protection Act of 1988 ([29 U.S.C. 2005(c)(1)](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section2005/c/1&num=0&edition=prelim)). **(c) Regulations to implement section** (1) **In general** — The Board shall, pursuant to [section 1384 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title2-section1384&num=0&edition=prelim), issue regulations to implement this section. (2) **Agency regulations** — The regulations issued under paragraph (1)

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 2002 — Prohibitions on lie detector use

Except as provided in sections 2006 and 2007 of this title, it shall be unlawful for any employer engaged in or affecting commerce or in the production of goods for commerce— (1) directly or indirectly, to require, request, suggest, or cause any employee or prospective employee to take or submit to any lie detector test; (2) to use, accept, refer to, or inquire concerning the results of any lie detector test of any employee or prospective employee; (3) to discharge, discipline, discriminate against in any manner, or deny employment or promotion to, or threaten to take any such action against— (A) any employee or prospective employee who refuses, declines, or fails to take or submit to any lie detector test, or (B) any employee or prospective employee on the basis of the results of any lie detector test; or (4) to discharge, discipline, discriminate against in any manner, or deny employment or promotion to, or threaten to take any such action against, any employee or prospective employee because— (A) such employee or prospective employee has filed any complaint or instituted or caused to be instituted any proceeding under or related to this chapter, (B) such employee or prospective employee has testified or is about to testify in any such proceeding, or (C) of the exercise by such employee or prospective employee, on behalf of such employee or another person, of any right afforded by this chapter.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 2002 — Prohibitions on lie detector use

Page 762 TITLE 29—LABOR § 2001 § 2001. Definitions As used in this chapter: (1) Commerce The term ‘‘commerce’’ has the meaning pro- vided by section 203(b) of this title. (2) Employer The term ‘‘employer’’ includes any person acting directly or indirectly in the interest of an employer in relation to an employee or pro- spective employee. (3) Lie detector The term ‘‘lie detector’’ includes a poly- graph, deceptograph, voice stress analyzer, psychological stress evaluator, or any other similar device (whether mechanical or elec- trical) that is used, or the results of which are used, for the purpose of rendering a diagnostic opinion regarding the honesty or dishonesty of an individual. (4) Polygraph The term ‘‘polygraph’’ means an instrument that— (A) records continuously, visually, perma- nently, and simultaneously changes in car- diovascular, respiratory, and electrodermal patterns as minimum instrumentation standards; and (B) is used, or the results of which are used, for the purpose of rendering a diag- nostic opinion regarding the honesty or dis- honesty of an individual. (5) Secretary The term ‘‘Secretary’’ means the Secretary of Labor. (Pub. L. 100–347, § 2, June 27, 1988, 102 Stat. 646.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 100–347, § 11, June 27, 1988, 102 Stat. 653, pro- vided that: ‘‘(a) IN GENERAL.—Except as provided in subsection (b), this Act [enacting this chapter] shall become effec- tive 6 months after the date of enactment of this Act [June 27, 1988]. ‘‘(b) REGULATIONS.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall issue such rules and regulations as may be necessary or ap- propriate to carry out this Act.’’ SHORT TITLE Pub. L. 100–347, § 1, June 27, 19

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 2005 — Enforcement provisions

**(a) Civil penalties** (1) **In general** — Subject to paragraph (2), any employer who violates any provision of this chapter may be assessed a civil penalty of not more than $10,000. (2) **Determination of amount** — In determining the amount of any penalty under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall take into account the previous record of the person in terms of compliance with this chapter and the gravity of the violation. (3) **Collection** — Any civil penalty assessed under this subsection shall be collected in the same manner as is required by subsections (b) through (e) of [section 1853 of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section1853&num=0&edition=prelim) with respect to civil penalties assessed under subsection (a) of such section. **(b) Injunctive actions by Secretary** The Secretary may bring an action under this section to restrain violations of this chapter. The Solicitor of Labor may appear for and represent the Secretary in any litigation brought under this chapter. In any action brought under this section, the district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction, for cause shown, to issue temporary or permanent restraining orders and injunctions to require compliance with this chapter, including such legal or equitable relief incident thereto as may be appropriate, including, but not limited to, employment, reinstatement, promotion, and the payment of lost wages and benefits. **(c) Private civil actions** (1) **Liability** — An employer who violates this chapter shall be liable to the employee or prospective employee affected by such violation. Such employer shall be liable for such legal or equitable relief as may be appropriate, including, but not limited to, employment, reinstatement, promotio

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 2005 — Enforcement provisions

Page 763 TITLE 29—LABOR § 2006 (b) Subpoena authority For the purpose of any hearing or investiga- tion under this chapter, the Secretary shall have the authority contained in sections 49 and 50 of title 15. (Pub. L. 100–347, § 5, June 27, 1988, 102 Stat. 647.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Section effective 6 months after June 27, 1988, except that rules and regulations shall be issued not later than 90 days after June 27, 1988, see section 11 of Pub. L. 100–347, set out as a note under section 2001 of this title. § 2005. Enforcement provisions (a) Civil penalties (1) In general Subject to paragraph (2), any employer who violates any provision of this chapter may be assessed a civil penalty of not more than $10,000. (2) Determination of amount In determining the amount of any penalty under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall take into account the previous record of the person in terms of compliance with this chapter and the gravity of the violation. (3) Collection Any civil penalty assessed under this sub- section shall be collected in the same manner as is required by subsections (b) through (e) of section 1853 of this title with respect to civil penalties assessed under subsection (a) of such section. (b) Injunctive actions by Secretary The Secretary may bring an action under this section to restrain violations of this chapter. The Solicitor of Labor may appear for and rep- resent the Secretary in any litigation brought under this chapter. In any action brought under this section, the district courts of the United States shall have jurisdiction, for cause shown, to issue temporary or permanent restraining or- ders and injunctions to require compliance with this chapter, including such legal or equitable

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 201 — Short title

This chapter may be cited as the “Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938”.

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 201 — Short title

Page 62 TITLE 29—LABOR § 201 Sec. 215. Prohibited acts; prima facie evidence. 216. Penalties. 216a. Repealed. 216b. Liability for overtime work performed prior to July 20, 1949. 217. Injunction proceedings. 218. Relation to other laws. 218a. Repealed. 218b. Notice to employees. 218c. Protections for employees. 218d. Breastfeeding accommodations in the work- place. 219. Separability. § 201. Short title This chapter may be cited as the ‘‘Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938’’. (June 25, 1938, ch. 676, § 1, 52 Stat. 1060.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries SHORT TITLE OF 2022 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 117–328, div. KK, § 101, Dec. 29, 2022, 136 Stat. 6093, provided that: ‘‘This division [enacting section 218d of this title, amending sections 207, 215, and 216 of this title and section 20168 of Title 49, Transportation, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 207, 215, and 218d of this title and section 20168 of Title 49] may be cited as the ‘Providing Urgent Maternal Protections for Nursing Mothers Act’ or the ‘PUMP for Nursing Mothers Act’.’’ SHORT TITLE OF 2007 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 110–28, title VIII, § 8101, May 25, 2007, 121 Stat. 188, provided that: ‘‘This subtitle [subtitle A (§§ 8101–8104) of title VIII of Pub. L. 110–28, amending section 206 of this title, repealing sections 205 and 208 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 206 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Fair Minimum Wage Act of 2007’.’’ SHORT TITLE OF 2000 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 106–202, § 1, May 18, 2000, 114 Stat. 308, provided that: ‘‘This Act [amending section 207 of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under section 207 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Worker Economic Op- portunity Act’.’’ SHORT

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 206 — Minimum wage

**(a) Employees engaged in commerce; home workers in Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands; employees in American Samoa; seamen on American vessels; agricultural employees** Every employer shall pay to each of his employees who in any workweek is engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, or is employed in an enterprise engaged in commerce or in the production of goods for commerce, wages at the following rates: (1) except as otherwise provided in this section, not less than— (A) $5.85 an hour, beginning on the 60th day after May 25, 2007; (B) $6.55 an hour, beginning 12 months after that 60th day; and (C) $7.25 an hour, beginning 24 months after that 60th day; (2) if such employee is a home worker in Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands, not less than the minimum piece rate prescribed by regulation or order; or, if no such minimum piece rate is in effect, any piece rate adopted by such employer which shall yield, to the proportion or class of employees prescribed by regulation or order, not less than the applicable minimum hourly wage rate. Such minimum piece rates or employer piece rates shall be commensurate with, and shall be paid in lieu of, the minimum hourly wage rate applicable under the provisions of this section. The Administrator, or his authorized representative, shall have power to make such regulations or orders as are necessary or appropriate to carry out any of the provisions of this paragraph, including the power without limiting the generality of the foregoing, to define any operation or occupation which is performed by such home work employees in Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands; to establish minimum piece rates for any operation or occupation so defined; to prescribe the method and procedure for ascertaining and promulgating mi

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 206 — Minimum wage

Page 71 TITLE 29—LABOR § 206 1 See References in Text note below. that Department, with exception of functions vested by Administrative Procedure Act (now covered by sections 551 et seq. and 701 et seq. of Title 5, Government Orga- nization and Employees) in hearing examiners em- ployed by Department, transferred to Secretary of Labor, with power vested in him to authorize their per- formance or performance of any of his functions by any of those officers, agencies, and employees, by Reorg. Plan No. 6 of 1950, §§ 1, 2, 15 F.R. 3174, 64 Stat. 1263, set out in the Appendix to Title 5. § 205. Repealed. Pub. L. 110–28, title VIII, § 8103(c)(1)(A), May 25, 2007, 121 Stat. 189 Section, acts June 25, 1938, ch. 676, § 5, 52 Stat. 1062; June 26, 1940, ch. 432, § 3(c), 54 Stat. 615; Oct. 26, 1949, ch. 736, § 5, 63 Stat. 911; Aug. 12, 1955, ch. 867, § 5(a), 69 Stat. 711; Pub. L. 87–30, § 4, May 5, 1961, 75 Stat. 67; Pub. L. 93–259, § 5(a), Apr. 8, 1974, 88 Stat. 56; Pub. L. 101–157, § 4(a), Nov. 17, 1989, 103 Stat. 939, related to establish- ment of special industry committees for American Samoa to recommend the minimum rate or rates of wages. See section 8103 of Pub. L. 110–28, set out as a note under section 206 of this title. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF REPEAL Repeal effective 60 days after May 25, 2007, see section 8103(c)(2) of Pub. L. 110–28, set out as an Effective Date of 2007 Amendment note under section 206 of this title. § 206. Minimum wage (a) Employees engaged in commerce; home work- ers in Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands; em- ployees in American Samoa; seamen on American vessels; agricultural employees Every employer shall pay to each of his em- ployees who in any workweek is engaged in com- merce or in the

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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities

29 U.S.C. § 2102 — Notice required before plant closings and mass layoffs

**(a) Notice to employees, State dislocated worker units, and local governments** An employer shall not order a plant closing or mass layoff until the end of a 60-day period after the employer serves written notice of such an order— (1) to each representative of the affected employees as of the time of the notice or, if there is no such representative at that time, to each affected employee; and (2) to the State or entity designated by the State to carry out rapid response activities under [section 3174(a)(2)(A) of this title](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title29-section3174/a/2/A&num=0&edition=prelim), and the chief elected official of the unit of local government within which such closing or layoff is to occur. If there is more than one such unit, the unit of local government which the employer shall notify is the unit of local government to which the employer pays the highest taxes for the year preceding the year for which the determination is made. **(b) Reduction of notification period** (1) An employer may order the shutdown of a single site of employment before the conclusion of the 60-day period if as of the time that notice would have been required the employer was actively seeking capital or business which, if obtained, would have enabled the employer to avoid or postpone the shutdown and the employer reasonably and in good faith believed that giving the notice required would have precluded the employer from obtaining the needed capital or business. (2) (A) An employer may order a plant closing or mass layoff before the conclusion of the 60-day period if the closing or mass layoff is caused by business circumstances that were not reasonably foreseeable as of the time that notice would have been required. (B) No notice

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