34 U.S.C. § 10389 — Definitions

Page 117 TITLE 34—CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT § 10389 toring component, developed pursuant to guide- lines established by the Attorney General. The monitoring required by this subsection shall in- clude systematic identification and collection of data about activities, accomplishments, and programs throughout the life of the program, project, or activity and presentation of such data in a usable form. (b) Evaluation components Selected grant recipients shall be evaluated on the local level or as part of a national evalua- tion, pursuant to guidelines established by the Attorney General. Such evaluations may in- clude assessments of individual program imple- mentations. In selected jurisdictions that are able to support outcome evaluations, the effec- tiveness of funded programs, projects, and ac- tivities may be required. Outcome measures may include crime and victimization indicators, quality of life measures, community percep- tions, and police perceptions of their own work. (c) Periodic review and reports The Attorney General may require a grant re- cipient to submit to the Attorney General the results of the monitoring and evaluations re- quired under subsections (a) and (b) and such other data and information as the Attorney General deems reasonably necessary. (Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 1705, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title I, § 10003(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1813.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section was formerly classified to section 3796dd–4 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to edi- torial reclassification and renumbering as this section. § 10386. Revocation or suspension of funding If the Attorney General determines, as a re- sult of the reviews required by section 10385 of this title, or otherwise, that a grant recipient under this subchapter is not in substantial com- pliance with the terms and requirements of an approved grant application submitted under sec- tion 10382 of this title, the Attorney General may revoke or suspend funding of that grant, in whole or in part. (Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 1706, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title I, § 10003(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1813.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section was formerly classified to section 3796dd–5 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to edi- torial reclassification and renumbering as this section. § 10387. Access to documents (a) By Attorney General The Attorney General shall have access for the purpose of audit and examination to any perti- nent books, documents, papers, or records of a grant recipient under this subchapter and to the pertinent books, documents, papers, or records of State and local governments, persons, busi- nesses, and other entities that are involved in programs, projects, or activities for which as- sistance is provided under this subchapter. (b) By Comptroller General Subsection (a) shall apply with respect to au- dits and examinations conducted by the Comp- troller General of the United States or by an au- thorized representative of the Comptroller Gen- eral. (Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 1707, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title I, § 10003(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1813.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section was formerly classified to section 3796dd–6 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to edi- torial reclassification and renumbering as this section. § 10388. General regulatory authority The Attorney General may promulgate regula- tions and guidelines to carry out this sub- chapter. (Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 1708, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title I, § 10003(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1813.) Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Section was formerly classified to section 3796dd–7 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to edi- torial reclassification and renumbering as this section. § 10389. Definitions In this subchapter— (1) ‘‘career law enforcement officer’’ means a person hired on a permanent basis who is au- thorized by law or by a State or local public agency to engage in or supervise the preven- tion, detection, or investigation of violations of criminal laws. (2) ‘‘citizens’ police academy’’ means a pro- gram by local law enforcement agencies or pri- vate nonprofit organizations in which citizens, especially those who participate in neighbor- hood watch programs, are trained in ways of facilitating communication between the com- munity and local law enforcement in the pre- vention of crime. (3) ‘‘Indian tribe’’ means a tribe, band, pueb- lo, nation, or other organized group or commu- nity of Indians, including an Alaska Native village (as defined in or established under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1601 et seq.)), that is recognized as eligi- ble for the special programs and services pro- vided by the United States to Indians because of their status as Indians. (4) ‘‘school resource officer’’ means a career law enforcement officer, with sworn authority, deployed in community-oriented policing, and assigned by the employing police department or agency to work in collaboration with schools and community-based organizations— (A) to address crime and disorder prob- lems, gangs, and drug activities affecting or occurring in or around an elementary or sec- ondary school; Page 118 TITLE 34—CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT § 10401 (B) to develop or expand crime prevention efforts for students; (C) to educate likely school-age victims in crime prevention and safety; (D) to develop or expand community jus- tice initiatives for students; (E) to train students in conflict resolution, restorative justice, and crime awareness; (F) to assist in the identification of phys- ical changes in the environment that may reduce crime in or around the school; and (G) to assist in developing school policy that addresses crime and to recommend pro- cedural changes. (5) ‘‘commercial sex act’’ has the meaning given the term in section 7102 of title 22. (6) ‘‘minor’’ means an individual who has not attained the age of 18 years. (7) ‘‘severe form of trafficking in persons’’ has the meaning given the term in section 7102 of title 22. (Pub. L. 90–351, title I, § 1709, as added Pub. L. 103–322, title I, § 10003(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1813; amended Pub. L. 105–302, § 1(2), Oct. 27, 1998, 112 Stat. 2841; Pub. L. 114–22, title VI, § 601(2), May 29, 2015, 129 Stat. 259.) Editorial Notes REFERENCES IN TEXT The Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act, referred to in par. (3), is Pub. L. 92–203, § 2, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 688, which is classified generally to chapter 33 (§ 1601 et seq.) of Title 43, Public Lands. For complete classifica- tion of this Act to the Code, see Short Title note set out under section 1601 of Title 43 and Tables. CODIFICATION Section was formerly classified to section 3796dd–8 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare, prior to edi- torial reclassification and renumbering as this section. AMENDMENTS 2015—Pub. L. 114–22 added pars. (5) to (7). 1998—Pub. L. 105–302 designated first three undesig- nated paragraphs as pars. (1) to (3), respectively, and added par. (4). SUBCHAPTER XVII—JUVENILE ACCOUNTABILITY BLOCK GRANTS Editorial Notes CODIFICATION Part R of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, comprising this subchapter, was originally added to Pub. L. 90–351, title I, by Pub. L. 103–322, title II, § 20201(a)(3), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1819, and amended by Pub. L. 105–277, Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681. Part R is shown herein, however, as having been added by Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title II, § 12102(a), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1859, without reference to those intervening amendments because of the extensive revi- sion of Part R by Pub. L. 107–273. § 10401. Program authorized (a) In general The Attorney General is authorized to provide grants to States, for use by States and units of local government, and in certain cases directly to specially qualified units. (b) Authorized activities Amounts paid to a State or a unit of local gov- ernment under this subchapter shall be used by the State or unit of local government for the purpose of strengthening the juvenile justice system, which includes— (1) developing, implementing, and admin- istering graduated sanctions for juvenile of- fenders; (2) building, expanding, renovating, or oper- ating temporary or permanent juvenile correc- tion, detention, or community corrections fa- cilities; (3) hiring juvenile court judges, probation of- ficers, and court-appointed defenders and spe- cial advocates, and funding pretrial services (including mental health screening and assess- ment) for juvenile offenders, to promote the effective and expeditious administration of the juvenile justice system; (4) hiring additional prosecutors, so that more cases involving violent juvenile offend- ers can be prosecuted and case backlogs re- duced; (5) providing funding to enable prosecutors to address drug, gang, and youth violence problems more effectively and for technology, equipment, and training to assist prosecutors in identifying and expediting the prosecution of violent juvenile offenders; (6) establishing and maintaining training programs for law enforcement and other court personnel with respect to preventing and con- trolling juvenile crime; (7) establishing juvenile gun courts for the prosecution and adjudication of juvenile fire- arms offenders; (8) establishing drug court programs for ju- venile offenders that provide continuing judi- cial supervision over juvenile offenders with substance abuse problems and the integrated administration of other sanctions and services for such offenders; (9) establishing and maintaining a system of juvenile records designed to promote public safety; (10) establishing and maintaining inter- agency information-sharing programs that en- able the juvenile and criminal justice systems, schools, and social services agencies to make more informed decisions regarding the early identification, control, supervision, and treat- ment of juveniles who repeatedly commit seri- ous delinquent or criminal acts; (11) establishing and maintaining account- ability-based programs designed to reduce re- cidivism among juveniles who are referred by law enforcement personnel or agencies; (12) establishing and maintaining programs to conduct risk and need assessments of juve- nile offenders that facilitate the effective early intervention and the provision of com- prehensive services, including mental health screening and treatment and substance abuse testing and treatment to such offenders; (13) establishing and maintaining account- ability-based programs that are designed to enhance school safety, which programs may include research-based bullying, cyberbullying, and gang prevention programs; (14) establishing and maintaining restorative justice programs; (15) establishing and maintaining programs to enable juvenile courts and juvenile proba-