7 U.S.C. § 77 — Official inspection and weighing require-

Page 169 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 77 ‘‘(1) ONGOING REVIEW.—The Secretary of Agriculture shall direct the Federal Grain Inspection Service and the Agricultural Research Service to maintain an on- going review to determine the end-use tests that are of economic value to buyers, and the availability and costs of such tests. ‘‘(2) REVISION OF PROCEDURES.—The Administrator of the Federal Grain Inspection Service, to the extent practicable, shall revise official grain inspection and certification procedures to include within official in- spection (as defined in section 3(i) of the United States Grain Standards Act (7 U.S.C. 75(i))) those tests that are identified under the study conducted under subsection (a) as useful, available, and eco- nomically feasible.’’ NEW GRAIN CLASSIFICATIONS Pub. L. 99–198, title XVI, § 1672, Dec. 23, 1985, 99 Stat. 1632, provided that: ‘‘(a) The Secretary of Agriculture shall direct the Federal Grain Inspection Service and the Agricultural Research Service to cooperate in developing new means of establishing grain classifications taking into ac- count characteristics other than those visually evident. ‘‘(b) The Secretary shall report to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate, semiannually, with the first report due not later than December 31, 1985, on the status of coopera- tive efforts required under subsection (a), as such ef- forts relate to more accurately classifying types of wheat and other grains currently in use.’’ INVESTIGATION AND STUDY REGARDING ADEQUACY OF GRAIN STANDARDS; CHANGES IN STANDARDS; REPORT TO CONGRESS BY OCTOBER 21, 1978 Pub. L. 94–582, § 24, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2888, which provided for investigation and study by Administrator of the Federal Grain Inspection Service regarding ade- quacy of grain standards established under this chapter in relation to needs and concerns of domestic and for- eign grain buyers, with Administrator, as result of such study, to make necessary changes in grain standards, and to submit report to Congress setting forth findings of study and actions taken as result thereof not later than two years after Oct. 21, 1976, was repealed by Pub. L. 106–472, title I, § 110(b), Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2061. § 77. Official inspection and weighing require- ments; waiver; supervision by representa- tives of Secretary (a) Official samples and certificates; waiver; ex- cepted grains Whenever standards or procedures are effec- tive under section 76 of this title for any grain— (1) no person shall ship from the United States to any place outside thereof any lot of such grain, unless such lot is officially weighed and officially inspected in accordance with such standards or procedures, and unless a valid official certificate showing the official grade designation and certified weight of the lot of grain has been provided by official in- spection personnel and is promptly furnished by the shipper, or the agent of the shipper, to the consignee with the bill of lading or other shipping documents covering the shipment: Provided, That the Secretary shall waive the foregoing requirement in emergency or other circumstances that would not impair the ob- jectives of this chapter whenever the parties to a contract for such shipment mutually agree to the waiver and documentation of such agreement is provided to the Secretary prior to shipment: Provided further, That the Sec- retary shall waive the requirement for official inspection whenever the parties to a contract for such shipment of a lot of grain (which is not sold, offered for sale, or consigned for sale by grade) from the United States to any place outside thereof mutually agree under the con- tract to ship such lot of grain without official inspection being performed and a copy of the contract is furnished to the Secretary prior to shipment; (2) except as the Secretary may provide in emergency or other circumstances which would not impair the objectives of this chap- ter, all other grain transferred out of and all grain transferred into an export elevator at an export port location shall be officially weighed in accordance with such standards or proce- dure: Provided, That, unless the shipper or re- ceiver requests that the grain be officially weighed, shipments of grain into an export el- evator by any mode of transportation and grain transferred out of an export elevator to destinations within the United States shall not be officially weighed; and (3) except as otherwise authorized by the Secretary, whenever a lot of grain is both offi- cially inspected and officially weighed while being transferred into or out of a grain eleva- tor, warehouse, or other storage or handling facility, an official certificate shall be issued showing both the official grade designation and the certified weight of the lot of grain. (b) Supervision by representatives of Secretary All official inspection and official weighing, whether performed by authorized employees of the Secretary or any other person licensed under section 84 of this title, shall be supervised by representatives of the Secretary, in accord- ance with such regulations as the Secretary may provide. (c) Testing for aflatoxin contamination of corn shipped in foreign commerce The Secretary is authorized and directed to re- quire that all corn exported from the United States be tested to ascertain whether it exceeds acceptable levels of aflatoxin contamination, unless the contract for export between the buyer and seller stipulates that aflatoxin testing shall not be conducted. (d) Disruption in grain inspection or weighing In the case of a disruption in official grain in- spections or weighings, including if the Sec- retary waives the requirement for official in- spection due to an emergency under subsection (a)(1), the Secretary shall— (1) immediately take such actions as are necessary to address the disruption and re- sume inspections or weighings; (2) not later than 24 hours after the start of the disruption in inspection or weighing, sub- mit to the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate a report that describes— (A) the disruption; and (B) any actions necessary to address the concerns of the Secretary relating to the disruption so that inspections or weighings may resume; and Page 170 TITLE 7—AGRICULTURE § 78 (3) once the initial report in paragraph (2) has been made, provide daily updates until of- ficial inspection or weighing services at the site of disruption have resumed. (Aug. 11, 1916, ch. 313, pt. B, § 5, 39 Stat. 483; Pub. L. 90–487, § 1, Aug. 15, 1968, 82 Stat. 763; Pub. L. 94–582, § 6, Oct. 21, 1976, 90 Stat. 2869; Pub. L. 95–113, title XVI, § 1606(b), Sept. 29, 1977, 91 Stat. 1030; Pub. L. 96–437, § 2, Oct. 13, 1980, 94 Stat. 1870; Pub. L. 101–624, title XX, § 2007, Nov. 28, 1990, 104 Stat. 3931; Pub. L. 103–156, § 12(c), Nov. 24, 1993, 107 Stat. 1528; Pub. L. 103–354, title II, § 293(a)(3), (7), Oct. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 3237; Pub. L. 106–472, title I, § 101, Nov. 9, 2000, 114 Stat. 2059; Pub. L. 114–54, title III, § 301(a), Sept. 30, 2015, 129 Stat. 516.) Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2015—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 114–54, § 301(a)(1), sub- stituted ‘‘shall waive the foregoing requirement in emergency or other circumstances that would not im- pair the objectives of this chapter whenever the parties to a contract for such shipment mutually agree to the waiver and documentation of such agreement is pro- vided to the Secretary prior to shipment’’ for ‘‘may waive the foregoing requirement in emergency or other circumstances which would not impair the objectives of this chapter’’. Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 114–54, § 301(a)(2), substituted ‘‘shipments of grain into an export elevator by any mode of transportation’’ for ‘‘intracompany shipments of grain into an export elevator by any mode of trans- portation, grain transferred into an export elevator by transportation modes other than barge,’’. Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 114–54, § 301(a)(3), added subsec. (d). 2000—Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 106–472 struck out ‘‘(on the basis of official samples taken after final elevation as near the final spout through which the grain passes as physically practicable as it is being loaded aboard, or while it is in, the final carrier in which it is to be transported from the United States)’’ after ‘‘officially inspected’’. 1994—Pub. L. 103–354 substituted ‘‘employees of the Secretary’’ for ‘‘Service employees’’ in subsec. (b) and ‘‘Secretary’’ for ‘‘Administrator’’ wherever appearing. 1993—Pub. L. 103–156, § 12(c), which directed amend- ment of ‘‘Section 5’’, without specifying the name of the Act being amended, was executed to this section, which is section 5 of the United States Grain Standards Act, to reflect the probable intent of Congress. Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 103–156, § 12(c)(1), substituted ‘‘the agent of the shipper’’ for ‘‘his agent’’. Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 103–156, § 12(c)(2), substituted ‘‘regulations as the Administrator’’ for ‘‘regulations as he’’. 1990—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 101–624 added subsec. (c). 1980—Subsec. (a)(2). Pub. L. 96–437 inserted proviso that, unless the shipper or receiver requests that the grain be officially weighed, intracompany shipments of grain into an export elevator by any mode of transpor- tation, grain transferred into an export elevator by transportation modes other than barge, and grain transferred out of an export elevator to destinations within the United States shall not be officially weighed. 1977—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–113 substituted ‘‘stand- ards or procedures’’ for ‘‘standards’’ wherever appear- ing. 1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–582 designated existing provisions as par. (1) of subsec. (a); struck out ‘‘that is sold, offered for sale, or consigned for sale by grade’’ after ‘‘any lot of such grain’’; inserted official weighing requirement; substituted ‘‘officially inspected (on the basis of official samples taken after final elevation as near the final spout through which the grain passes as physically practicable as it is being loaded aboard, or while it is in, the final carrier in which it is to be transported from the United States)’’ for ‘‘officially in- spected in accordance with such standards on the basis of official samples taken after final elevation as the grain is being loaded aboard, or while it is in, the final carrier in which it is to be transported from the United States’’; required the certificate to show the certified weight of the lot of grain provided by official inspec- tion personnel; substituted provision for waiver by the Administrator of requirement for official inspection certificate in emergency or other circumstances which would not impair the objectives of this chapter for pro- vision for waiver by the Secretary of any requirement of this section with respect to shipments from or to any area or any other class of shipments when in his judgment it is impracticable to provide official inspec- tion with respect to such shipments; inserted provision for waiver by Administrator of requirement for official inspection whenever the parties to a contract for such shipment of a lot of grain (which is not sold, offered for sale, or consigned for sale by grade) from the United States to any place outside thereof mutually agree under the contract to ship such lot of grain without of- ficial inspection being performed and a copy of the con- tract is furnished to the Administrator prior to ship- ment; and added pars. (2) and (3) of subsec. (a). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–582 added subsec. (b). 1968—Pub. L. 90–487 substituted provisions requiring an official inspection for export grains but authorizing the waiver of such requirements when official inspec- tion is impracticable for provisions prohibiting mis- representation respecting grade shipped or delivered for shipment, allowing reexamination, requiring hearing in the event of a false or misleading description, and al- lowing publication of findings. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1977 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 95–113 effective Oct. 1, 1977, see section 1901 of Pub. L. 95–113, set out as a note under section 1307 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1976 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 94–582 effective 30 days after Oct. 21, 1976, see section 27 of Pub. L. 94–582, as amend- ed, set out as a note under section 74 of this title. EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1968 AMENDMENT For effective date of amendment by Pub. L. 90–487, see section 2 of Pub. L. 90–487, set out as a note under section 78 of this title. § 78. Use of official grade designations required; false or misleading grade designations for grain shipped out of the United States (a) Whenever standards relating to kind, class, quality, or condition of grain are effective under section 76 of this title for any grain no person shall in any sale, offer for sale, or consignment for sale, which involves the shipment of such grain in interstate or foreign commerce, de- scribe such grain as being of any grade in any advertising, price quotation, other negotiation of sale, contract of sale, invoice, bill of lading, other document, or description on bags or other containers of the grain, other than by an official grade designation, with or without additional information as to specified factors: Provided, That the description of such grain by any pro- prietary brand name or trademark that does not resemble an official grade designation, or with respect to interstate commerce, by the use of one or more grade factor designations set forth