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21 U.S.C. § 391 — Separability clause
Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 700
TITLE 21—FOOD AND DRUGS
§ 391
(D) Communications.
(E) Leadership, management oversight,
and administrative services.
(F) Related overhead activities.
(5) The numbers of applications, categorized
by class of tobacco product and review path-
way under sections 387e, 387j, and 387k of this
title, that were—
(A) submitted;
(B) pending;
(C) accepted;
(D) refused to file;
(E) withdrawn;
(F) denied;
(G) authorized for marketing under an
order;
(H) issued a deficiency letter or environ-
mental information request letter; or
(I) referred to the Tobacco Products Sci-
entific Advisory Committee.
(6) The number and titles of draft and final
guidance documents and proposed and final
regulations issued on topics related to the
process for the review of tobacco product ap-
plications, whether such regulations and guid-
ance documents were issued as required by
statute or by other legal or regulatory re-
quirements, and whether the issuance met the
deadlines set forth by the applicable statute or
other requirements.
(7) The number and titles of public meetings
related to the review of tobacco product appli-
cations by the Center for Tobacco Products or
other offices or centers within the Food and
Drug Administration.
(8) The number of pre-submission meetings
relating to applications under section 387j of
this title, including the number of meeting re-
quests received, the number of meetings held,
and the median amount of time between when
such meeting requests were made and when
the requests were granted or denied.
(9) The number of full-time equivalent em-
ployees funded pursuant to fees collected
under section 387s of this title, including iden-
tification of the centers and offices within the
Food and Drug Administration in which such
posit
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Page 700
TITLE 21—FOOD AND DRUGS
§ 391
(D) Communications.
(E) Leadership, management oversight,
and administrative services.
(F) Related overhead activities.
(5) The numbers of applications, categorized
by class of tobacco product and review path-
way under sections 387e, 387j, and 387k of this
title, that were—
(A) submitted;
(B) pending;
(C) accepted;
(D) refused to file;
(E) withdrawn;
(F) denied;
(G) authorized for marketing under an
order;
(H) issued a deficiency letter or environ-
mental information request letter; or
(I) referred to the Tobacco Products Sci-
entific Advisory Committee.
(6) The number and titles of draft and final
guidance documents and proposed and final
regulations issued on topics related to the
process for the review of tobacco product ap-
plications, whether such regulations and guid-
ance documents were issued as required by
statute or by other legal or regulatory re-
quirements, and whether the issuance met the
deadlines set forth by the applicable statute or
other requirements.
(7) The number and titles of public meetings
related to the review of tobacco product appli-
cations by the Center for Tobacco Products or
other offices or centers within the Food and
Drug Administration.
(8) The number of pre-submission meetings
relating to applications under section 387j of
this title, including the number of meeting re-
quests received, the number of meetings held,
and the median amount of time between when
such meeting requests were made and when
the requests were granted or denied.
(9) The number of full-time equivalent em-
ployees funded pursuant to fees collected
under section 387s of this title, including iden-
tification of the centers and offices within the
Food and Drug Administration in which such
positions are located.
(10) The number of inspections and inves-
tigations conducted at domestic and foreign
establishments required to register under sec-
tion 387e of this title.
(11) The total number of compliance and en-
forcement actions issued or taken with respect
to tobacco products, including warning let-
ters, civil money penalties, no-tobacco-sale or-
ders, and other enforcement actions (including
seizures, injunctions, and criminal prosecu-
tion).
(c) Public availability
The Secretary of Health and Human Services
shall make the reports required under this sec-
tion available to the public on the website of the
Food and Drug Administration.
(d) Limitations
Reporting under this section shall include best
estimates for any reporting category for which
the Food and Drug Administration does not
have precise calculations. Such best estimates
shall be accompanied with an explanatory state-
ment for why the Food and Drug Administration
does not have access to, or cannot calculate, the
exact figure and a date by which the Food and
Drug Administration will update its internal ac-
counting procedures to allow for such reporting.
If a category is successfully reported by the
Food and Drug Administration with regard to
another type of user fee but is provided a best
estimate by the Center for Tobacco Products,
the explanatory statement shall include infor-
mation regarding how the Food and Drug Ad-
ministration will align systems and apply learn-
ing across the agency to allow for accurate re-
porting.
(Pub. L. 117–103, div. P, title I, § 112, Mar. 15, 2022,
136 Stat. 790.)
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section was enacted as part of the Consolidated Ap-
propriations Act, 2022, and not as part of the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act which comprises this
chapter.
SUBCHAPTER X—MISCELLANEOUS
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Former subchapter IX of this chapter was redesig-
nated as this subchapter.
§ 391. Separability clause
If any provision of this chapter is declared un-
constitutional, or the applicability thereof to
any person or circumstances is held invalid, the
constitutionality of the remainder of the chap-
ter and the applicability thereof to other per-
sons and circumstances shall not be affected
thereby.
(June 25, 1938, ch. 675, § 1001, formerly § 901, 52
Stat. 1059; renumbered § 1001, Pub. L. 111–31, div.
A, title I, § 101(b)(2), June 22, 2009, 123 Stat. 1784.)
§ 392. Exemption of meats and meat food prod-
ucts
(a) Law determinative of exemption
Meats and meat food products shall be exempt
from the provisions of this chapter to the extent
of the application or the extension thereto of
the Meat Inspection Act, approved March 4, 1907,
as amended [21 U.S.C. 601 et seq.].
(b) Laws unaffected
Nothing contained in this chapter shall be
construed as in any way affecting, modifying,
repealing, or superseding the provisions of sec-
tion 351 of Public Health Service Act [42 U.S.C.
262] (relating to viruses, serums, toxins, and
analogous products applicable to man); the
virus, serum, toxin, and analogous products pro-
visions, applicable to domestic animals, of the
Act of Congress approved March 4, 1913 (37 Stat.
832–833) [21 U.S.C. 151 et seq.]; the Filled Cheese
Act of June 6, 1896 (U.S.C., 1934 ed., title 26, ch.
10), the Filled Milk Act of March 4, 1923 [21
U.S.C. 61 et seq.]; or the Import Milk Act of Feb-
ruary 15, 1927 [21 U.S.C. 141 et seq.].
Cross-references
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
On and after May 16, 1927, the importation into the United States of milk and cream is prohibited unless the person by whom such milk or cream is shipped or transported into the United States holds a valid permit from the Secretary of Health and Human Services.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 141
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 14
TITLE 21—FOOD AND DRUGS
§ 141
SUBCHAPTER IV—IMPORTATION OF MILK
AND CREAM
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETIC ACT
Nothing contained in chapter 9 (§ 301 et seq.) of this
title shall be construed as in any way affecting, modi-
fying, repealing, or superseding the provisions of this
subchapter, see section 392(b) of this title.
§ 141. Prohibition of importation without permit
On and after May 16, 1927, the importation into
the United States of milk and cream is prohib-
ited unless the person by whom such milk or
cream is shipped or transported into the United
States holds a valid permit from the Secretary
of Health and Human Services.
(Feb. 15, 1927, ch. 155, § 1, 44 Stat. 1101; 1940
Reorg. Plan No. IV, § 12, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R.
2421, 54 Stat. 1237; 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 5, eff.
Apr. 11, 1953, 18 F.R. 2053, 67 Stat. 631; Pub. L.
96–88, title V, § 509(b), Oct. 17, 1979, 93 Stat. 695.)
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
CHANGE OF NAME
‘‘Secretary of Health and Human Services’’ sub-
stituted in text for ‘‘Secretary of Health, Education,
and Welfare’’ pursuant to section 509(b) of Pub. L. 96–88,
which is classified to section 3508(b) of Title 20, Edu-
cation.
SHORT TITLE
Act July 12, 1943, ch. 221, title II, 57 Stat. 499, pro-
vided in part that act Feb. 15, 1927, which is classified
to this subchapter, may be cited as ‘‘Import Milk Act’’.
Executive Documents
TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONS
For transfer of functions of Federal Security Admin-
istrator to Secretary of Health, Education, and Welfare
[now Health and Human Services], and of Food and
Drug Administration to Federal Security Agency, see
notes set out under section 321 of this title.
§ 142. Milk or cream when unfit for importation
Milk
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 21 U.S.C. § 141
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, or corporation to prepare, sell, barter, or exchange in the District of Columbia, or in the Territories, or in any place under the jurisdiction of the United States, or to ship or deliver for shipment in or from the United States, the District of Columbia, any territory of the United States, or any place under the jurisdiction of the United States, any worthless, contaminated, dangerous, or harmful virus, serum, toxin, or analogous product intended for use in the treatment of domestic animals, and no person, firm, or corporation shall prepare, sell, barter, exchange, or ship as aforesaid any virus, serum, toxin, or analogous product manufactured within the United States and intended for use in the treatment of domestic animals, unless and until the said virus, serum, toxin, or analogous product shall have been prepared, under and in compliance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of Agriculture, at an establishment holding an unsuspended and unrevoked license issued by the Secretary of Agriculture as hereinafter authorized.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 151
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 16
TITLE 21—FOOD AND DRUGS
§ 151
(b) The term ‘‘United States’’ means the fifty
States and the District of Columbia.
(Feb. 15, 1927, ch. 155, § 9, 44 Stat. 1103; Pub. L.
86–70, § 19, June 25, 1959, 73 Stat. 145; Pub. L.
86–624, § 15, July 12, 1960, 74 Stat. 415.)
Editorial Notes
AMENDMENTS
1960—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 86–624 substituted ‘‘means
the fifty States and the District of Columbia’’ for
‘‘means continental United States, including Alaska’’.
1959—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 86–70 inserted ‘‘, including
Alaska’’ after ‘‘continental United States’’.
CHAPTER 5—VIRUSES, SERUMS, TOXINS,
ANTITOXINS, AND ANALOGOUS PRODUCTS
Sec.
151.
Preparation and sale of worthless or harmful
products for domestic animals prohibited;
preparation to be in compliance with rules
at licensed establishments.
152.
Importation regulated and prohibited.
153.
Inspection of imports; denial of entry and de-
struction.
154.
Regulations for preparation and sale; li-
censes.
154a.
Special licenses for special circumstances; ex-
pedited procedure; conditions; exemptions;
criteria.
155.
Permits for importation.
156.
Licenses conditioned on permitting inspec-
tion; suspension of licenses.
157.
Inspection.
158.
Offenses; punishment.
159.
Enforcement; penalties applicable; Congres-
sional findings.
Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries
FEDERAL FOOD, DRUG, AND COSMETIC ACT
Nothing contained in chapter 9 (§ 301 et seq.) of this
title shall be construed as in any way affecting, modi-
fying, repealing, or superseding the provisions of this
chapter, see section 392(b) of this title.
§ 151. Preparation and sale of worthless or harm-
ful products for domestic animals prohibited;
preparation to be in compliance with rules at
licensed establishments
It shall be unlawful
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 21 U.S.C. § 151
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
If any provision of this chapter is declared unconstitutional, or the applicability thereof to any person or circumstances is held invalid, the constitutionality of the remainder of the chapter and the applicability thereof to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 391
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
As used in this chapter, except as otherwise specified, the following terms shall have the meanings stated below:
**(a)** The term “Secretary” means the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States or his delegate.
**(b)** The term “firm” means any partnership, association, or other unincorporated business organization.
**(c)** The term “meat broker” means any person, firm, or corporation engaged in the business of buying or selling carcasses, parts of carcasses, meat, or meat food products of cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, or other equines on commission, or otherwise negotiating purchases or sales of such articles other than for his own account or as an employee of another person, firm, or corporation.
**(d)** The term “renderer” means any person, firm, or corporation engaged in the business of rendering carcasses or parts or products of the carcasses, of cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, or other equines, except rendering conducted under inspection or exemption under this subchapter.
**(e)** The term “animal food manufacturer” means any person, firm, or corporation engaged in the business of manufacturing or processing animal food derived wholly or in part from carcasses, or parts or products of the carcasses, of cattle, sheep, swine, goats, horses, mules, or other equines.
**(f)** The term “State” means any State of the United States and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
**(g)** The term “Territory” means Guam, the Virgin Islands of the United States, American Samoa, and any other territory or possession of the United States, excluding the Canal Zone.
**(h)** The term “commerce” means commerce between any State, any Territory, or the District of Columbia, and any place outside thereof; or within any Territory not organized with a legisl
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 601
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 741
TITLE 21—FOOD AND DRUGS
§ 601
Sec.
SUBCHAPTER II—MEAT PROCESSORS AND
RELATED INDUSTRIES
641.
Prohibition of subchapter I inspection of arti-
cles not intended for use as human food; de-
naturation or other identification prior to
distribution in commerce; inedible articles.
642.
Recordkeeping requirements.
643.
Registration of business, name of person, and
trade names.
644.
Regulation of transactions, transportation, or
importation of 4–D animals to prevent use
as human food.
645.
Federal provisions applicable to State or Ter-
ritorial business transactions of a local na-
ture and not subject to local authority.
SUBCHAPTER III—FEDERAL AND STATE
COOPERATION
661.
Federal and State cooperation.
SUBCHAPTER IV—AUXILIARY PROVISIONS
671.
Inspection services; refusal or withdrawal;
hearing; business unfitness based upon cer-
tain convictions; other provisions for with-
drawal of services unaffected; responsible
connection with business; finality of Sec-
retary’s actions; judicial review; record.
672.
Administrative detention; duration; pending
judicial proceedings; notification of govern-
mental authorities; release.
673.
Seizure and condemnation.
674.
Federal court jurisdiction of enforcement and
injunction proceedings and other kinds of
cases; limitations of section 607(e) of this
title.
675.
Assaulting, resisting, or impeding certain
persons; murder; protection of such persons.
676.
Violations.
677.
Other Federal laws applicable for administra-
tion and enforcement of chapter; location of
inquiries; jurisdiction of Federal courts.
678.
Non-Federal jurisdiction of federally regu-
lated matters; prohibition of additional or
different requirements for establishments
with inspection services and as to marking,
labeling, pa
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 21 U.S.C. § 601
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Whenever used in this chapter—
**(a)** The term “person” includes an individual, partnership, corporation, or association;
**(b)** The term “interstate or foreign commerce” means commerce (1) between any State, Territory, or possession, or the District of Columbia, and any place outside thereof; (2) between points within the same State, Territory, or possession, or within the District of Columbia, but through any place outside thereof; or (3) within any Territory or possession, or within the District of Columbia; and
**(c)** The term “filled milk” means any milk, cream, or skimmed milk, whether or not condensed, evaporated, concentrated, powdered, dried, or desiccated, to which has been added, or which has been blended or compounded with, any fat or oil other than milk fat, so that the resulting product is in imitation or semblance of milk, cream, or skimmed milk, whether or not condensed, evaporated, concentrated, powdered, dried, or desiccated. This definition shall not include any distinctive proprietary food compound not readily mistaken in taste for milk or cream or for evaporated, condensed, or powdered milk, or cream where such compound (1) is prepared and designed for feeding infants and young children and customarily used on the order of a physician; (2) is packed in individual cans containing not more than sixteen and one-half ounces and bearing a label in bold type that the content is to be used only for said purpose; (3) is shipped in interstate or foreign commerce exclusively to physicians, wholesale and retail druggists, orphan asylums, child-welfare associations, hospitals, and similar institutions and generally disposed of by them.
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 21 U.S.C. § 61
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
Page 4
TITLE 21—FOOD AND DRUGS
§ 26
the laws of such State or Territory or the Dis-
trict of Columbia, enacted in the exercise of its
police powers to the same extent and in the
same manner as though such articles or sub-
stances had been produced in such State or Ter-
ritory or the District of Columbia, and shall not
be exempt therefrom by reason of being intro-
duced therein in original packages or otherwise.
(May 9, 1902, ch. 784, § 1, 32 Stat. 193.)
§ 26. Omitted
Editorial Notes
CODIFICATION
Section, which was from the appropriation acts of
Jan. 18, 1927, ch. 39, 44 Stat. 984; May 16, 1928, ch. 572,
45 Stat. 548; Feb. 16, 1929, ch. 227, 45 Stat. 1198; May 27,
1930, ch. 341, 46 Stat. 424, and subsequent Department of
Agriculture Appropriation Acts to and including act
June 28, 1944, ch. 296, § 4, 58 Stat. 461, and related to in-
spection of food and other products, is covered by sec-
tion 2256 of Title 7, Agriculture.
CHAPTER 2—TEAS
§§ 41 to 50. Repealed. Pub. L. 104–128, § 2, Apr. 9,
1996, 110 Stat. 1198
Section 41, acts Mar. 2, 1897, ch. 358, § 1, 29 Stat. 604;
May 16, 1908, ch. 170, 35 Stat. 163; May 31, 1920, ch. 217,
41 Stat. 712; 1940 Reorg. Plan No. IV, § 12, eff. June 30,
1940, 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1237; 1953 Reorg. Plan No. 1, § 5,
eff. Apr. 11, 1953, 18 F.R. 2053, 67 Stat. 631; May 24, 1962,
Pub. L. 87–456, title III, § 303(a), 76 Stat. 77; Aug. 23, 1988,
Pub. L. 100–418, title I, § 1214(l), 102 Stat. 1158, prohibited
unlawful importation of substandard tea.
Section 42, acts Mar. 2, 1897, ch. 358, § 2, 29 Stat. 605;
May 31, 1920, ch. 217, 41 Stat. 712; 1940 Reorg. Plan No.
IV, § 12, eff. June 30, 1940, 5 F.R. 2421, 54 Stat. 1237; July
12, 1943, ch. 221, title II, 57 Stat. 500; 1953 Reorg. Plan
No. 1, § 5, eff. Apr. 11, 1953, 18 F.
Source: Supplied 2024 U.S. Code historical extraction · 21 U.S.C. § 61
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Federal law — U.S. Code and appendices · legal_authorities
**(a) Biologics license**
(1) No person shall introduce or deliver for introduction into interstate commerce any biological product unless—
(A) a biologics license under this subsection or subsection (k) is in effect for the biological product; and
(B) each package of the biological product is plainly marked with—
(i) the proper name of the biological product contained in the package;
(ii) the name, address, and applicable license number of the manufacturer of the biological product; and
(iii) the expiration date of the biological product.
(2)
(A) The Secretary shall establish, by regulation, requirements for the approval, suspension, and revocation of biologics licenses.
(B) *Pediatric studies.—* — A person that submits an application for a license under this paragraph shall submit to the Secretary as part of the application any assessments required under section 505B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act [[21 U.S.C. 355c](https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?req=granuleid:USC-prelim-title21-section355c&num=0&edition=prelim)].
(C) The Secretary shall approve a biologics license application—
(i) on the basis of a demonstration that—
(I) the biological product that is the subject of the application is safe, pure, and potent; and
(II) the facility in which the biological product is manufactured, processed, packed, or held meets standards designed to assure that the biological product continues to be safe, pure, and potent; and
(ii) if the applicant (or other appropriate person) consents to the inspection of the facility that is the subject of the application, in accordance with subsection (c).
(D) *Postmarket studies and clinical trials; labeling; risk evaluation and mitigation strategy.—* — A person that sub
Source: Supplied U.S. Code snapshot — release unconfirmed · 42 U.S.C. § 262
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