20 U.S.C. § 1033a — Augustus F. Hawkins centers of excel-

Page 266 TITLE 20—EDUCATION § 1033a (vi) a Predominantly Black Institution (as defined in section 1059e of this title); (vii) an Asian American and Native American Pacific Islander-serving institu- tion (as defined in section 1059g(b) of this title); or (viii) a Native American-serving, non- tribal institution (as defined in section 1059f of this title); (B) a consortium of institutions described in subparagraph (A); or (C) an institution described in subpara- graph (A), or a consortium described in sub- paragraph (B), in partnership with any other institution of higher education, but only if the center of excellence established under section 1033a of this title is located at an in- stitution described in subparagraph (A). (2) Scientifically based reading research The term ‘‘scientifically based reading re- search’’— (A) means research that applies rigorous, systemic, and objective procedures to obtain valid knowledge relevant to reading develop- ment, reading instruction, and reading dif- ficulties; and (B) includes research that— (i) employs systemic, empirical methods that draw on observation or experiment; (ii) involves rigorous data analyses that are adequate to test the stated hypotheses and justify the general conclusions drawn; (iii) relies on measurements or observa- tional methods that provide valid data across evaluators and observers and across multiple measurements and observations; and (iv) has been accepted by a peer-reviewed journal or approved by a panel of inde- pendent experts through a comparably rig- orous, objective, and scientific review. (Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 241, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3158; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9215(oo)(5), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2179.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 1033, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 223, as added Pub. L. 96–374, title II, § 201, Oct. 3, 1980, 94 Stat. 1385; amended Pub. L. 99–498, title II, § 205, Oct. 17, 1986, 100 Stat. 1289; Pub. L. 102–325, title II, § 201, July 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 470, authorized Secretary to make grants and enter into contracts for research and development projects, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208, div. A, title I, § 101(e) [title VII, § 708(b)], Sept. 30, 1996, 110 Stat. 3009–233, 3009–312. Another prior section 1033, Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 222, formerly § 223, Nov. 8, 1965, 79 Stat. 1227; Pub. L. 90–575, title II, § 216, Oct. 16, 1968, 82 Stat. 1037, renum- bered and amended Pub. L. 92–318, title I, § 111(b)(3)(B)–(D), June 23, 1972, 86 Stat. 239, 240, related to grants for training in librarianship, prior to the gen- eral amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 96–374. A prior section 241 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1047 of this title, prior to repeal by Pub. L. 104–208. Another prior section 241 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classi- fied to section 1047 of this title, prior to the general amendment of former part D of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. AMENDMENTS 2015—Par. (2). Pub. L. 114–95 added par. (2) and struck out former par. (2). Prior to amendment, text read as follows: ‘‘The term ‘scientifically based reading re- search’ has the meaning given such term in section 6368 of this title.’’ Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2015 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive pro- grams and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title. § 1033a. Augustus F. Hawkins centers of excel- lence (a) Program authorized From the amounts appropriated to carry out this part, the Secretary is authorized to award competitive grants to eligible institutions to es- tablish centers of excellence. (b) Use of funds Grants provided by the Secretary under this subpart shall be used to ensure that current and future teachers meet the applicable State cer- tification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, by carrying out one or more of the following activities: (1) Implementing reforms within teacher preparation programs to ensure that such pro- grams are preparing teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure re- quirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to spe- cial education teachers, the qualifications de- scribed in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, are able to understand scientifically valid re- search, and are able to use advanced tech- nology effectively in the classroom, including use of instructional techniques to improve student academic achievement, by— (A) retraining or recruiting faculty; and (B) designing (or redesigning) teacher preparation programs that— (i) prepare teachers to serve in low-per- forming schools and close student achieve- ment gaps, and that are based on rigorous academic content, scientifically valid re- search (including scientifically based read- ing research and mathematics research, as it becomes available), and challenging State academic content standards and stu- dent academic achievement standards; and (ii) promote strong teaching skills. (2) Providing sustained and high-quality preservice clinical experience, including the mentoring of prospective teachers by exem- plary teachers, substantially increasing inter- action between faculty at institutions of high- er education and new and experienced teach- ers, principals, and other administrators at el- ementary schools or secondary schools, and providing support, including preparation time, for such interaction. Page 267 TITLE 20—EDUCATION § 1034 (3) Developing and implementing initiatives to promote retention of teachers who meet the applicable State certification and licensure re- quirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to spe- cial education teachers, the qualifications de- scribed in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, and highly qualified principals, including mi- nority teachers and principals, including pro- grams that provide— (A) teacher or principal mentoring from exemplary teachers or principals, respec- tively; or (B) induction and support for teachers and principals during their first three years of employment as teachers or principals, re- spectively. (4) Awarding scholarships based on financial need to help students pay the costs of tuition, room, board, and other expenses of completing a teacher preparation program, not to exceed the cost of attendance. (5) Disseminating information on effective practices for teacher preparation and success- ful teacher certification and licensure assess- ment preparation strategies. (6) Activities authorized under section 1022a of this title. (c) Application Any eligible institution desiring a grant under this subpart shall submit an application to the Secretary at such a time, in such a manner, and accompanied by such information as the Sec- retary may require. (d) Minimum grant amount The minimum amount of each grant under this subpart shall be $500,000. (e) Limitation on administrative expenses An eligible institution that receives a grant under this subpart may use not more than two percent of the funds provided to administer the grant. (f) Regulations The Secretary shall prescribe such regulations as may be necessary to carry out this subpart. (Pub. L. 89–329, title II, § 242, as added Pub. L. 110–315, title II, § 201(3), Aug. 14, 2008, 122 Stat. 3158; amended Pub. L. 114–95, title IX, § 9214(c)(8), Dec. 10, 2015, 129 Stat. 2163.) Editorial Notes PRIOR PROVISIONS A prior section 242 of Pub. L. 89–329 was classified to section 1047a of this title, prior to the general amend- ment of former part D of this subchapter by Pub. L. 99–498. AMENDMENTS 2015—Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(8)(A), sub- stituted ‘‘meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title,’’ for ‘‘are highly qualified’’ in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(8)(B), sub- stituted ‘‘meet the applicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alternative routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title,’’ for ‘‘are highly qualified,’’ in introductory provisions. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 114–95, § 9214(c)(8)(C), sub- stituted ‘‘teachers who meet the applicable State cer- tification and licensure requirements, including any re- quirements for certification obtained through alter- native routes to certification, or, with regard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in sec- tion 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title, and highly qualified principals’’ for ‘‘highly qualified teachers and prin- cipals’’ in introductory provisions. Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2015 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 114–95 effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive pro- grams and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114–95, set out as a note under section 6301 of this title. SUBPART 3—PREPARING GENERAL EDUCATION TEACHERS TO MORE EFFECTIVELY EDUCATE STU- DENTS WITH DISABILITIES § 1034. Teach to reach grants (a) Authorization of program (1) In general The Secretary is authorized to award grants, on a competitive basis, to eligible partnerships to improve the preparation of general edu- cation teacher candidates to ensure that such teacher candidates possess the knowledge and skills necessary to effectively instruct stu- dents with disabilities in general education classrooms. (2) Duration of grants A grant under this section shall be awarded for a period of not more than five years. (3) Non-Federal share An eligible partnership that receives a grant under this section shall provide not less than 25 percent of the cost of the activities carried out with such grant from non-Federal sources, which may be provided in cash or in kind. (b) Definition of eligible partnership In this section, the term ‘‘eligible partner- ship’’ means a partnership that— (1) shall include— (A) one or more departments or programs at an institution of higher education— (i) that prepare elementary or secondary general education teachers; (ii) that have a program of study that leads to an undergraduate degree, a mas- ter’s degree, or completion of a postbaccalaureate program required for teacher certification; and (iii) the graduates of which meet the ap- plicable State certification and licensure requirements, including any requirements for certification obtained through alter- native routes to certification, or, with re- gard to special education teachers, the qualifications described in section 1412(a)(14)(C) of this title;