28 U.S.C. § 1369 — Multiparty, multiforum jurisdiction

Page 384 TITLE 28—JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE § 1369 Title 19 in which no complaint is filed, with respect to investigations initiated under such section on or after such date, see section 322 of Pub. L. 103–465, set out as an Effective Date of 1994 Amendment note under sec- tion 1337 of Title 19. § 1369. Multiparty, multiforum jurisdiction (a) IN GENERAL.—The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of any civil action in- volving minimal diversity between adverse par- ties that arises from a single accident, where at least 75 natural persons have died in the acci- dent at a discrete location, if— (1) a defendant resides in a State and a sub- stantial part of the accident took place in an- other State or other location, regardless of whether that defendant is also a resident of the State where a substantial part of the acci- dent took place; (2) any two defendants reside in different States, regardless of whether such defendants are also residents of the same State or States; or (3) substantial parts of the accident took place in different States. (b) LIMITATION OF JURISDICTION OF DISTRICT COURTS.—The district court shall abstain from hearing any civil action described in subsection (a) in which— (1) the substantial majority of all plaintiffs are citizens of a single State of which the pri- mary defendants are also citizens; and (2) the claims asserted will be governed pri- marily by the laws of that State. (c) SPECIAL RULES AND DEFINITIONS.—For pur- poses of this section— (1) minimal diversity exists between adverse parties if any party is a citizen of a State and any adverse party is a citizen of another State, a citizen or subject of a foreign state, or a foreign state as defined in section 1603(a) of this title; (2) a corporation is deemed to be a citizen of any State, and a citizen or subject of any for- eign state, in which it is incorporated or has its principal place of business, and is deemed to be a resident of any State in which it is in- corporated or licensed to do business or is doing business; (3) the term ‘‘injury’’ means— (A) physical harm to a natural person; and (B) physical damage to or destruction of tangible property, but only if physical harm described in subparagraph (A) exists; (4) the term ‘‘accident’’ means a sudden acci- dent, or a natural event culminating in an ac- cident, that results in death incurred at a dis- crete location by at least 75 natural persons; and (5) the term ‘‘State’’ includes the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and any territory or possession of the United States. (d) INTERVENING PARTIES.—In any action in a district court which is or could have been brought, in whole or in part, under this section, any person with a claim arising from the acci- dent described in subsection (a) shall be per- mitted to intervene as a party plaintiff in the action, even if that person could not have brought an action in a district court as an origi- nal matter. (e) NOTIFICATION OF JUDICIAL PANEL ON MULTI- DISTRICT LITIGATION.—A district court in which an action under this section is pending shall promptly notify the judicial panel on multidis- trict litigation of the pendency of the action. (Added Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, § 11020(b)(1)(A), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1826.) Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries EFFECTIVE DATE Pub. L. 107–273, div. C, title I, § 11020(c), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1829, provided that: ‘‘The amendments made by subsection (b) [enacting this section and sections 1697 and 1785 of this title and amending sections 1391 and 1441 of this title] shall apply to a civil action if the accident giving rise to the cause of action occurred on or after the 90th day after the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 2, 2002].’’ CHAPTER 87—DISTRICT COURTS; VENUE Sec. 1390. Scope. 1391. Venue generally. [1392, 1393. Repealed.] 1394. Banking association’s action against Comp- troller of Currency. 1395. Fine, penalty or forfeiture. 1396. Internal revenue taxes. 1397. Interpleader. 1398. Interstate Commerce Commission’s orders. 1399. Partition action involving United States. 1400. Patents and copyrights, mask works, and de- signs. 1401. Stockholder’s derivative action. 1402. United States as defendant. 1403. Eminent domain. 1404. Change of venue. 1405. Creation or alteration of district or division. 1406. Cure or waiver of defects. 1407. Multidistrict litigation. 1408. Venue of cases under title 11. 1409. Venue of proceedings arising under title 11 or arising in or related to cases under title 11. 1410. Venue of cases ancillary to foreign pro- ceedings. 1411. Jury trials. 1412. Change of venue. 1413. Venue of cases under chapter 5 of title 3. Editorial Notes AMENDMENTS 2011—Pub. L. 112–63, title II, §§ 201(b), 203, Dec. 7, 2011, 125 Stat. 763, 764, added item 1390 and struck out item 1392 ‘‘Defendants or property in different districts in same State’’. 1998—Pub. L. 105–304, title V, § 503(c)(3), Oct. 28, 1998, 112 Stat. 2917 inserted ‘‘, mask works, and designs’’ in item 1400. 1996—Pub. L. 104–331, § 3(b)(2)(B), Oct. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 4069, which directed amendment of table of sec- tions for chapter 37 by adding item 1413 at end, was exe- cuted by adding item 1413 at end of table of sections for chapter 87 to reflect the probable intent of Congress. 1988—Pub. L. 100–702, title X, § 1001(a), Nov. 19, 1988, 102 Stat. 4664, struck out item 1393 ‘‘Divisions; single defendant; defendants in different divisions’’. 1984—Pub. L. 98–353, title I, § 102(b), July 10, 1984, 98 Stat. 335, added items 1408 to 1412. 1978—Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 240(b), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2668, directed the addition of item 1408, ‘‘Bank- ruptcy appeals’’, which amendment did not become ef-